2026-07-27T22:11:26Z https://gsrjournal.com/oai/?metadataPrefix=oai_dc&verb=ListRecords

oai:gsrjournal.com:392942 2017-12-30 gsr

Anthropological Account of Traditional Musical Instruments Nida Rehman Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Instrument Artist Culture Professional Dancer The art of making a musical instrument, playing it and to move or dance to that instrument is duly considered to be an abhorrent act in Pakistan. The use of musical instruments in Pakistan is going to be extinct over time. Research in Pakistan has yet to be done in this area. The musical instruments are source of bread and butter for artists and performers as their lives are connected with these instruments. Both instrument performers and the artists were selected as respondents. The data was collected from 25 artists and performers through cluster samplings. Based on the interviews, the importance of instruments, their values and methods on the rhythms were collected from the performers (participants). The government and art Institutions in the country can play a pivotal role in saving and preserving the instruments and the artists classical culture. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, (PMAS-AAUR) Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, (PMAS-AAUR) Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/anthropological-account-of-traditional-musical-instruments https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2017(II-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392943 2017-12-30 gsr

Challenges to Polio Campaign: A Case Study of Gujar Khan Faiqa Ambreen Mahwish Zeeshan Polio Case Study Challenges Eradication Campaign Polio Staff Gujar Khan Rawalpindi Pakistan Pakistan is among the group of four nations in the world which are categorized as endemic because of the prevalence of Polio. In the past few years, Pakistan took some big steps to curb the disease through polio eradication campaigns but it met numerous obstacles. The major objective of this research work was to shed light on the main challenges and associated factors faced by the polio staff directly related to the limited effectiveness of Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV) in the populated and non-populated areas of Tehsil Gujar Khan in District Rawalpindi. Pakistan approach towards Polio extermination is subjected to the issues .in the current system, socio-cultural, and ethical perspective. By enhancing safety, confidentiality, respect, community resilience and autonomy of Polio staff in a society based on ethical values, outcomes of the campaigns can be increased. A descriptive approach was followed. Random sampling method was applied. Questionnaire was used as a tool. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Statistics, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/challenges-to-polio-campaign-a-case-study-of-gujar-khan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2017(II-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392944 2017-12-30 gsr

Barriers and Cultural Issues of Land Transaction Shumaila Bano Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Socio- Cultural Issues Family Politics Domestic Victims Marriage Tax. Land is an important part of nature. In Pakistan the main issue is the transaction of land. The researchers heed rare attention towards this sensitive issue. This issue of land has always been considered. alarming for the people of Pakistan. The distribution of property is playing a pivotal role to strengthen and weaken the relationships since long. The lands devoured the old, loved and precious relationships in a moment. The property has been the root of dispute which compelled.a son to fight with his father and a brother with. brother. Land administration systems are established to eliminate these issues, ...for the native people of Muzaffargarh. A reasonable number of respondents were selected from Muzaffargarh by using the technique of random sampling. Case study method was helpful to contract intensive data.. Other themes were fares allocated by the government for reducing poverty. Related revenue office could play an integral role in land transaction to reduce their land problems. Humanity Publications MPhil Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/barriers-and-cultural-issues-of-land-transaction https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2017(II-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392945 2017-12-30 gsr

The Precarious Conditions: Anthropocene and Transformed Human Nonhuman Relations Muhammad Ali Suneel Kumar Pasand Ali Khoso Anthropocene Human Nonhuman Relations Dogs Manchar Lake Sindh Pakistan This paper discusses the transformed human (fishermen) and nonhuman (dogs) relations; dogs being the most feared animal in past to dogs as companion species today at Manchar Lake. The Lake is one of the oldest and largest freshwater lakes of South Asia, located in Sindh Pakistan, and is degrading for last more than two decades due to a development project called Right Bank Outfall Drain (RBOD), which drains industrial, agricultural, and domestic affluent in the lake. In past, when lake was flourishing, fishermen had very few occasions to come on land hence very few chances of interaction with dogs; they would run back to boathouses if ever come in contact with dogs. Now, living on banks, they need dogs as their companion, to protect domesticated animals from other dogs, jackals and tomcats who roam around and runaway in eastern mountains after killing a goat, hen or domesticated waterfowls. This transformed relations shed light on how human life is entangled with other species that they need help of nonhuman Other for survival. This paper is result of ethnographic fieldwork conducted during June 2015 to March 2017 with fishermen community of Manchar Lake. Humanity Publications Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2017-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-precarious-conditions-anthropocene-and-transformed-human-nonhuman-relations https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2017(II-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 2, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392946 2016-12-30 gsr

Familial Issues Leading to Institutional Refuge: A Case Study of Darul Amaan in Rawalpindi Pakistan Kainat Majeed Darul-Amaan Divorce Family Social Issues social problem Security. Women as a major constituent of a human society need incentives for gender equality and social stability within a community. As a democratic country, Pakistan is experiencing more gender inequalities that lead women to take institutional shelter for security. The research subject is family issues that lead to Darul-Amaan Research locale case study of institutional refuge in Rawalpindi Pakistan. In order to conduct this analysis, twenty respondents who live in Darul-Amaan were chosen and examined. The goal of the study is, first of all, to find out why women leave their homes. Secondly, work into the installations Darul Amaan is giving women a chance to protect themselves. Researcher used a methodological theoretical approach to address the issue of intensifying purposeful sampling methodology here. The result indicates that family problems such as unethical conduct by children, sexual harassment, lack of women rights are the factors that lead to the escape from the home. Humanity Publications Student, Department of Anthropology, Fatima Jinnah women university, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/familial-issues-leading-to-institutional-refuge-a-case-study-of-darul-amaan-in-rawalpindi-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2016(I-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392947 2016-12-30 gsr

An Anthropological Perspective of Kinship System Among Transgender Community in Pakistan Muhammad Asim Nawaz Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Transgender Transgender Kinship system Cultural practices The article examines the ideas of family relationship frameworks in transgender network. Inspecting their Kinship frameworks and connections with regards to familial traditions, ceremonies, standards and qualities in transgender network. Analysts investigate how transgender characterized their connection frameworks with regards to transgender network. By leading 22 inside and out meetings from transgender individuals at their Deras (house) with snowball sampling with taking part in member perception in help bunch gatherings, get-together, where scientists had the option to gather wide scope of information with the assistance of key witness and use in examination. Analysts looked to comprehend the manners by which transgender individuals recognize the spot of connection in their own lives. Scientist consider the rights with regards to transgender network, power elements that are implanted in trans family relationship framework. Humanity Publications Student, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-AAUR, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-anthropological-perspective-of-kinship-system-among-transgender-community-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2016(I-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392948 2016-12-30 gsr

Misconception and Self-Perception of HIV/AIDS Patients: A Qualitative View Faiz Rasool Faryal Javed Misconception HIV/AIDS Contiguous Disease Self-Perception The spread of HIV/AIDS has affected millions of people worldwide. The misconceptions of the disease ascend because of different causes, general ignorance and misunderstanding about scientific knowledge of this infectious disease. The present study deals with misconception associated with the HIV/AIDS disease regarding its remission. People get information and definition of things, behaviours so on from their surroundings, so that perception of patients about their disease is always very stigmatized. People are more concerned about stigmas rather than the disease itself. The current qualitative study highlights some stigma which involved in developing self-perception of HIV/AIDS patients at DHQ Dera Ghazi Khan. Ten interviews were conducted from Patients and Five from medical staff, along with two technicians. There is a number of factors which needs to be included in prevention mechanism to aware the population of how this disease spread and what is just illusion or misunderstandings. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil., Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Adam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2016-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/misconception-and-selfperception-of-hivaids-patients-a-qualitative-view https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2016(I-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 1, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392949 2018-12-30 gsr

Female Involvement in Cottage Industry and Rural Livelihood in Mianwali Hussain Ali Hashmi Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Cottage Industry Microeconomics Female role in Economics Socio-Economic Impacts Background: Women play a significant role in the development of any country throughout the world by contributing in different socio-economic activities. In Pakitan, the cottage and household industries hold an important position in the rural areas. The study was conducted in two villages i.e. Mari city and Kalabagh of district Mianwali (Punjab). The study investigated that how are the women. involved in different household economic activities and its socio-economic impacts on the rural settings. The research methodology was descriptive. Primary data was collected from 36 respondents through the use of qualitative research methods. The tools, instruments and methods that are utilized during the research include questionnaires, observation of the participants., surveys, face to face interviews, case studies and exploring life history. Females can play a significant role in enhancing the socio-economic level of the household and enhance the overall economy of the country. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, (PMAS-AAUR) Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/female-involvement-in-cottage-industry-and-rural-livelihood-in-mianwali https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2018(III-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392950 2019-12-30 gsr

Vital Ageing: An Emerging Challenge in Pakistan Mahwish Zeeshan Aneela Sultana Ageing Elderly Longevity of Life Old homes Self-Perception Vital Ageing Ageing is one of the most significant social transformations of the twenty first century around the globe. The largest age cohort that is expected to grow in the developing countries further in the next three decades is that of the older persons i.e. above sixty years of age. This is a Review paper sheds light on understanding ageing as a natural phenomenon. There are numerous socio-cultural factors impeding in acceptance of this reality. In Pakistan, age inclusive sustainable development goals are desired to tackle unemployment and underemployment institutional care is the need of the hour. Keeping in view the population projections of 2050, there is a dire need to strategize for population aging through policy making and implementation from both public and private sector of the country. In Pakistan the disjuncture of apt measures taken by the stakeholders, can multiple volume and graveness of the issue. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/vital-ageing-an-emerging-challenge-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2019(IV-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392951 2019-12-30 gsr

Folk Traditions of Lullabies: Functional Analysis Sohima Anzak Aneela Sultana Samia Zulfiqar Emotional Expression Folk Tradition Lullabies Music Parents Lullabies are known as a genre of music for infants, which are performed at the sleep time of the child by the parent, usually mothers or by the caregivers. The present study is an attempt to understand the functions it fulfils in a cultural context and its evolution to the present day by the lived experiences of forty-seven Pakistani parents. The qualitative research is conducted in Islamabad, Pakistan, to establish the multi-layered meanings embedded in this folk tradition. The purpose of singing lullaby from parent to parent, as folklores is strongly embedded in a geographical context. Yet folklore tradition of the lullaby is a universal phenomenon serving the emotional needs of the child and parents, to the educational and social development of the child. This study is an attempt to understand the latent and manifest meanings of this act in a cultural context. Humanity Publications Senior Lecturer, Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/folk-traditions-of-lullabies-functional-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2019(IV-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392952 2019-12-30 gsr

The Understanding of Epilepsy and Epileptic Patients and General Public to Create A Supportive Community Saba Sattar Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Shaheer Ellahi Khan Epilepsy Epileptic Patients Medical Anthropology Parallel Medical Systems Perceptions of Diseases and Disorders. Though the standard of living is getting better worldwide but diseases and epidemics still prevail. This is not the problem of the third world, people in developed countries face such challenges. It is with the change occurring in climate and demography of the world that the healthcare providers are faced with a new challenge. Health professionals cannot generalize their practices over different communities especially in a multiethnic, multi lingual and multi-cultural country like Pakistan. The researcher used descriptive methodology. Data were gathered using survey method. This paper discusses the need for ethnographic study of diseases and sicknesses as they are often perceived differently by different communities. The study was conducted in Rawalpindi and epilepsy perspectives from both the general public and the epileptic patients were recorded. The study aims to collect views of the patients and provide them to the health care providers and professionals. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Chairman, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-understanding-of-epilepsy-and-epileptic-patients-and-general-public-to-create-a-supportive-community https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2019(IV-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392953 2019-12-30 gsr

The Role of International Non-governmental Organisations in International Politics Khalid Saifullah Syed Imran Haider Azhar Waqar INGOs International Development International Politics Social Development. For centuries, international politics was considered as an arena of the states. However, with the rise of the free-market economy, globalisation, international institutions and technology, many non-state actors such as international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) started sharing the power corridors along with the states. Contemporary academic literature cites many examples where INGOs has played important roles in decision-making processes. The flow of development aid from developed countries to the developing countries through INGOs has enhanced their role in international development. Similarly, many developing countries started outsourcing social services such as health and education to INGOs. International laws, on one hand, protect INGOs to mobilise additional financial resources from developed states. INGOs contributed to humanitarian diplomacy especially in climate change and banning landmines. INGOs also face some criticism in terms of poor accountability and legitimacy. Southern countries sometimes perceive INGOs as carriers and promoters of western liberal agenda. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-international-nongovernmental-organisations-in-international-politics https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2019(IV-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392954 2019-12-30 gsr

The Culture of Emergency Department in a Public Hospital Rabbiyah Mahwish Zeeshan Emergency Department Health Care Patient Satisfaction Social Interaction. The research revolves around the culture of emergency department. Hospital emergency departments make a distinctive subculture inside the healthcare, in an atmosphere of social interaction and variation. Every organization can create its own values. Hospitals or other primary care centers having emergency departments usually. Initially, the emergency room was planned as a treatment room for emergency cases such as road accident cases or other acute conditions in which life is on risk. This department later specialized in the treatment of emergency cases which were presented with no consultation, by an emergency vehicle or any transport available at that time. It was taken place in the Emergency department of Tehsil Headquarter Hospital Pind Dadan Khan. The patients were interviewed regarding their experience, their time of arrival, the medical personnel who received them and their satisfaction level with the provided treatment and care. The other method which was used is participant as observer. The most consistently observed finding associated with higher levels of satisfaction, was the patient-oriented care provided by doctors, nurses and paramedic staff. Doctors and nurses who spent more time with the patient, had better communication skills, showed more empathy and treated the patients within 5 minutes of arrival in the emergency resulted in more patient satisfaction. On the basis of these characteristics, the calculated number of satisfied patients turned was more than the patients who were not satisfied. However, major emergency patients responded that they would not prefer emergency departments of public sector hospitals of Tehsil Pind Dadan Khan for future because major emergency services were not available. Humanity Publications MSc Student, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-AAUR, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-AAUR, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2019-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-culture-of-emergency-department-in-a-public-hospital https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2019(IV-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 4, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392955 2020-03-30 gsr

Role of Parental Income and its Implications for Unemployed Educated Youth: A Case Study of Turbatkech, Balouchistan Sadia Saeed Nooral Barkat Aneela Sultana Economy tradition society education Unemployed Cousin Marriage Parental household income plays an essential role in the personality development and well-being of its members. The study aims to discover the perception of unemployed educated youth towards the tradition of cousin marriages. The study was conducted TurbatKech, southern part of Balochistan, by employing qualitative research design. Data for this purpose was collected through qualitative techniques from 30 unemployed educated young adults who were selected through purposive sampling. Economic dependency and financial constraints are considered the key driving forces among unemployed educated youth that persuade them to prefer consanguinity. Furthermore, caste system within the society induces individual to prefer their own blood while making spouse selection. The present study illustrates lack of economic independence among educated youth. In order to bring positive behavioral change among youth what matters the most is to give them socio-economic independence and alternatives other than marrying them off Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-parental-income-and-its-implications-for-unemployed-educated-youth-a-case-study-of-turbatkech-balouchistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392956 2020-03-30 gsr

Gender Identity and the Issues of Acceptance in Pakistani Community Muhammad Umair Ali Hijra Transgender Identity social acceptance Research paper defines the problems, issues and challenges faced by the third gender. Paper also examines the role of social structure towards them and hypothetical constraints build by society. Acceptance for the third identity is not permitted by social and religious structure, in paper scholars review the literature, different programs which were already done, research theses, books and work done by scholars in the shapes of Articles. For the collection of data Purposive sampling method adopted. The paper focuses on the social acceptance and religious perspective for the construction of the third identity. The paper mentions the life of the third gender and its limited constraints. It was found that they lead a very difficult life in which family and community support are truly missing. Humanity Publications M.Phil scholar, Department of nternational Development Studies, Iqra University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gender-identity-and-the-issues-of-acceptance-in-pakistani-community https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392957 2020-03-30 gsr

Disease Contour and Household Decision Making: A Gender Comparative Study of Older Persons Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Aftab Ahmed Aging Aging and Disease Elder's Wellbeing Social Participation and Aging Aging is a global demographic phenomenon. The Aging in Pakistan is a grave matter of concern which is neglected not only at state level but in research field too. This study focused to explore the relationship between disease profile and participation of older persons (OPs) in household decision making. A sample of 384 OPs was selected from Rawalpindi for data collection. Data were entered and analyzed in SPSS. Male participation was 70% and 30% of females. The findings of the research indicate 8.1% of cases of hypertension among older persons, heart problems were reported in 12.8% cases and 15.1% of the sample suffering from Diabetes. Cross-tabulation of data shows that the Pearson value is 32.552 and the calculated p-value is .000 [p<.05], this shows that a significant association prevails among household decision making of older persons and their disease profile with special reference to gender group. This also helps to conclude that active yet age bound involvement in household matters in old age is healthy for older persons. Humanity Publications Chairman/Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/disease-contour-and-household-decision-making-a-gender-comparative-study-of-older-persons https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392958 2020-03-30 gsr

A Sociological Study of Jirga System in Haramosh Gilgit Baltistan Muhammad Umair Ali Ali Rahmat Jirga Conflict Resolution Arbitration. Jirga is a unique traditional justice system, the word "JIRGA" in Shina (local language) means Arbitration in English. Its employees a process of dispute settlement with the intervention of notables of the society followed by the free consent of the disputing parties. This study was carried out to study the structure and functioning of Jirga system. Researcher adopted the purposive sampling technique and collects the data from 36 respondents; area of the study was Haramosh Gilgit-Baltistan. Study focus the Jirga system and its implications; researcher designed the questioner to investigate the validity and accountability of Jirga system. Study defines the merits and demerits of Jirga system. Humanity Publications MPhil. Scholar, Department of International Development Studies, Iqra University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MSc Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/A-Sociological-Study-of-Jirga-System-in-Haramosh-Gilgit-Baltistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392959 2020-03-30 gsr

Livelihood Challenges of Brakchakkhan Community of District Shigar Gilgit Baltistan Samina Mahwish Zeeshan Challenges Mining Livelihood Small Scale Miner Anthropological Sustainable Life Stone Crushers The research was conducted to study the livelihood challenges faced by Brak chakkhan (stone crushers) community in district Shigar. The study aimed to inquire the challenges face by this community. The nature of the study was descriptive. The methods used in the research were in -depth interview, case study and observation. The research was conducted from an Anthropological perspective. The paper highlights the challenges faced by this community for sustainable livelihood. Purposive sampling was used to gather data from 65 respondents. The findings of the study reflect that the miners lack education; both formal and informal. Lack of safety measures, lag in technological advancement in mineral excavation and tedious manual labor in 21st century is yet an eye opener for the policy makers of the country. Humanity Publications Student, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-AAUR, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Faculty of Social Sciences, PMAS-AAUR, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/livelihood-challenges-of-brakchakkhan-community-of-district-shigar-gilgit-baltistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392960 2020-06-30 gsr

Social Exclusion and Older Persons: A Case of Millennium of Isolation Mahwish Zeeshan Old age Social exclusion Isolation Society Issues. Old age social exclusion is a crucial issue all over the world. The ways in which social exclusion may affect older people have largely been neglected. This article seeks to generate a better understanding of the dimensions of social exclusion relevant to older people highlighting the causes and effects of social exclusion of old age. Poverty and health issues are important elements of the social exclusion. This data is based on in-depth interviews from the old age people of union council Jalalabad in Multan. 38 respondents were selected from the union council Jalalabad through purposive sampling. Based on in-depth interviews of the respondents containing questions related to the causes and effects of social exclusion it is recommended that government and private institutions should promote the awareness in people to alleviate the social exclusion issue from the society. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-exclusion-and-older-persons-a-case-of-millennium-of-isolation https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392961 2020-06-30 gsr

Emergence and Decline of the Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan Suneel Kumar Muhammad Ali Pasand Ali Khoso Indus Valley Civilization Pakistan Indus Valley Civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world dating back to 7000BCE. The explored sites of the civilization span present day Pakistan and India. The following paper explore the Indus Valley Civilization through the sites in Pakistan. The paper highlights feature of various stages of the Indus Valley, for example, Early Food Producing Era (7000-4000 BCE), Regionalization Era - Early Harappan Era (4000-2600 BCE), Integration Era (Early Harappan Phase) (2600 - 1900), Localization Era (Late Harappan Phase) (1900 - 1300), and Indus Valley from 1300 BCE to Present. In doing so, the paper discusses the geography, environment, material culture, subsistence patterns, political and social organization of each era. Finally, it explores the various theories of decline of Indus Valley Civilization, drawing on various sources. In the conclusion, the paper provides recommendations for future focus on the archaeological sites in Pakistan enhance our understanding of the civilizations. Humanity Publications Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2020-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/emergence-and-decline-of-the-indus-valley-civilization-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:392962 2020-09-30 gsr

Aastaanas of Magicians: A Ray of Hope for the Marginalised Community of Rawalpindi Mahwish Zeeshan Aneela Sultana Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Aamils Astaana Magical Practices Shamans Socio-economic Problems People continue to believe in the efficacy of magic in the era of science and technology. Mythology pertaining to curative aspect of magic which is believed to solve the social, economic and medical problems of the people. Initially, a socio-economic survey of the households was conducted in Rawalpindi at Dhok Ratta and Dhok Khabba, which tapped 796 households. Later, 44 people who confessed using magic were interviewed with the help of an interview guide and participant observation at the aastaanas of the aamils. Mostly people who believed in the magical practices were inflicted with health, domestic, social and economic problems and sought magical cure as a last resort. The efficacy of magic is determined by socio-economic status, sex, marital status and education of the people rather than their belief in religion and fatalism. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (Incharge), Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor (Chairman), Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/aastaanas-of-magicians-a-ray-of-hope-for-the-marginalised-community-of-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Child Presentation on Mainstream News Channels and Wellbeing of Victims Noor Ul Ain Nasir Ashraf Iqbal Munham Shehzad Child Abuse Zainab Case Victim Families Wellbeing Civilization. Child abuse is one of those issues of society that is very difficult to talk about because it creates a sense of shame and guilt and so on but due to avoiding an open debate about it the spiral of silence is increasing over time. This research study aims at examining the way child abuse cases like Zainab case has been portrayed on news channels and the impact it leaves on the minds of victims. The researcher analyzed the BOL news channel, especially their news bulletins and headlines. The quantitative research methodology was used. Survey method was employed, 100 questionnaires were distributed among students of UMT. Cultivation theory has been used in order to draw the theoretical framework of this study. Findings suggested that the irresponsible role of media in this specific issue might cause great stress and other psychological disorders among the victim and their families. Humanity Publications Lecturer, School of Media and communication studies, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. In charge / Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. FM Manager, Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/child-presentation-on-mainstream-news-channels-and-wellbeing-of-victims https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Investigating the Role of Foreign and Local Socio-Cultural Value Orientations Present in 5th Grade Pakistani and Oxford English Textbooks Muhammad Ahsan Muhammad Naeem Noshaba Younus Socio-Cultural Practices English Textbooks and Culture EFL in Pakistan. Abstract: The existing study is an attempt to observe and compare the results of foreign and local socio-cultural value orientations present in selected Pakistani and Oxford English textbooks prescribed for students of Punjab (Pakistan). The content analysis was employed to find out the percentages of categories and subcategories of reading passages and exercises of the prescribed English textbooks in this research. For relevant data collection, an eclectic model was devised as some of the major categories with slight modification were taken from Stern's (1983) model in which he proposed six aspects of culture teaching. While in the formation of subcategories, the researcher has employed his own teaching experience. Socio-cultural value orientations were divided into three sub-themes such as individualism, collective action and material possessiveness for data analysis. The analyzed data from the textbooks indicated that individualism tends to be encouraged. Results exhibited that the Oxford textbook focused more on individualism as compare to PTB textbook. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/investigating-the-role-of-foreign-and-local-sociocultural-value-orientations-present-in-5th-grade-pakistani-and-oxford-english-textbooks https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Impacts of the Saint (Sufi) Mast Tawakli Marri Baloch Poetry on Baloch Society Muhammad Sulaman Ijaz Waheed Chaudhry Syed Kazim Ali Shah Tawakli Baloch Culture Poetry Nationalism Sufism Society Sufism is associated with the expression of devotion towards God and spreading the message of truth. The Sufis in Pakistan and Balochistan remain the ambassadors of love, peace, respect for humanity, and social harmony. The Sufi Saints have contributed significantly to the literature, philosophy, and theological ideas. The study employs an anthropological perspective to examine the impacts of Saint Mast Tawaklis poetry on the Baloch Society by using qualitative research methods. The technique of triangulation and translation was used to verify the data. The research has been conducted in the district of Kohlu, Balochistan. This research reveals that Saint Tawakli is a famous poet of the Balochi language whose poetry is full of messages of love and respect for humanity. His work accurately depicts a lovers emotion and affection, precisely a source of inspiration for young people. Humanity Publications PhD, Department of Anthropology, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Demonstrator, Department of Political Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impacts-of-the-saint-sufi-mast-tawakli-marri-baloch-poetry-on-baloch-society https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Facebook Mania of Youth and Satisfaction of their Needs in Pakistan: A uses and Gratification Analysis Azam Jan Muhammad Imran Mehsud Malik Adnan Facebook Mania Youth Needs Satisfaction Consumption Pattern uses and Gratification The consumption of social media has become a universal phenomenon. Everyone around the globe makes use of social networking media in its own way and style. Some users are found engaged in social media use around the clock, whereas others make use of the same for varying time duration. Some of the users use social networking sites just to kill time while others use these sites for the satisfaction of their social and psychological needs. This paper intended to investigate the consumption pattern of Facebook to ascertain how maniac the students are in use of the site. The study also aimed at exploring the satisfaction of youth's needs through Facebook use. The intended needs the users were supposed to satisfy by making use of Facebook included information, social interaction and entertainment. The study was quantitative in nature and employed survey method as the research design. The data was gathered through a questionnaire from 181 respondents drawn as a sample from the two southern universities of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa. In the sample, 137 were male students, whereas 44 were female students of Kushhal Khan Khattak University Karak and Kohat University of Science and Technology Kohat. The questionnaire consisted of four items, such as respondents' consumption pattern, and the needs of information, social interaction, and entertainment. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS version 23. The findings revealed that most of the students, both male and female, spent a fair amount of time in Facebook use to gratify their social and psychological needs of information, social interaction, and entertainment. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/Facebook-Mania-of-Youth-and-Satisfaction-of-their-Needs-in-Pakistan-A-uses-and-Gratification-Analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Portrayal of Families in Prime Time Urdu Drama Rooh Ul Amin Khan Ahsan Ul Haq Jamal Ud Din Family Structure Urdu Drama Message System Analysis Pre-Cable and Cable Era. The current study was conducted to analyze the portrayal of families in Urdu drama serials right from the start of television drama to 2016. The Urdu drama serial period was divided in to two eras, pre-cable era and cable era. Through the lens of cultivation theory, message system analysis was done of Urdu drama serial for more than five decades. It was hypothesized that pre-cable era will depict more extended families and cable-era depict more nuclear families. The finding of study revealed that our assumption was not supportive and more nuclear families were found in both the eras. Similarly, the other important variable was sibling in pre-cable and cable era. Maximum dramas showed only two to three children in families of both the eras. More diversity of culture was found in terms of family depiction in pre-cable era, and more homogenous and urban elite class was found in cable era. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media & Communication Studies, International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of Media & Communication Studies, International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media & Communication Studies, University of Swat, Swat, KP, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/portrayal-of-families-in-prime-time-urdu-drama https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Citizen-Centric Policing: Citizens' Expectations of Police in Punjab Basharat Hussain Tehniyat Fatima Muhammad Siddique Police Public Expectations Youth Accountability Fairness Police are an important component of all modern societies and play their role in maintaining law and order. The police-public partnership is crucial for maintaining police legitimacy and peace in society. Conceivably, understanding the people's expectations of police is an important aspect of police legitimacy. To promote citizen-centric policing, it is important to understand the expectations that citizens have from their police. Previous research demonstrates that youth have more frequent contact with police as compared to other sections of society. A positive youth-police contact requires to understand the youth's expectations of their police. The present study aims to explore the youth's expectations of police in the Lahore district of the Punjab province. In-depth interviews were conducted with 40 University students in Lahore. Thematic analysis revealed that students expect the police to be honest, accountable and fair in their duty. The findings of the study indicate that police legitimacy is characterized by the fair conduct of its personnel. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor- Acting Chairperson, Department of Sociology, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Associate, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/citizencentric-policing-citizens-expectations-of-police-in-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Pakistan - CPEC and Tourism Vinculum: A Corridor of Tourism Opportunities in Pakistan Mohammad Alam Riaz Ahmad Moldalieva Nargiza Pakistan CPEC Tourism Gawadar OBOR Leiper's Model Geographical primacy plays a vital role in countrie's strategic position, creating economic benefits and influencing and shaping the region's dynamics. Pakistan's geo-strategic location is significant in South Asia, surrounded by large countries, waterways, countries, and essential oil reserves that have been blessed geographically. The key segments of OBOR initiated in Pakistan, known as CPEC. CPEC has provided Pakistan with the top-notch possibility to show its strong and diverse socio-cultural values. The tourism industry is significant to make a distinction in the lives of thousands of human beings. Tourism increases awareness, understanding, lowering poverty, creating jobs, and fostering improvement and tolerance. The new dimensions are arising from the route developing between Pakistan and China. Transport is an essential segment of the product; good routes increase comfortability and connectivity and reduce price and time between destinations. Humanity Publications Lecture; Department of Tourism & Hospitality, Hazara university, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Public Policy and Administration, Xian Jiaotong University, China. PhD, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University-China 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/pakistan-cpec-and-tourism-vinculum-a-corridor-of-tourism-opportunities-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Representation of Gender in Documentary Saving Face: A Semiotic Analysis Faiza Rehman Liaqat Iqbal Yusra Mukhtar Gender Representation Documentary Saving Face Patriarchy Domestic Violence The purpose of the current study is to analyze how gender is represented in the documentary Saving Face through the use of different signs. The study of the portrayal of gender in Pakistani documentary has been conducted through the analysis of signs. For this purpose, 8 visuals from Saving Face were analyzed using elements of the stills such as camera angle, character's body language, physical appearance, gestures, dressing, background objects or props and colors. Employing the theoretical framework of Peirce's theory of signs on documentary, various types of signs such as iconic, indexical and symbolic signs representing gender and sketching out distinct aspects of gender roles in Pakistan, were unearthed. Two major findings were deduced: (1) laid in the domestic and public sphere, Pakistan men are more celebrated and respected than women; and (2) the existing gender roles have observed a breach of unconventionality from the stereotypical roles. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/representation-of-gender-in-documentary-saving-face-a-semiotic-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Religious Education: Contribute to Social Cohesion or Lead to Social Disparity? Samreen Mahmood Saira Shereen Madeeha Murad Social Cohesion Religious Institutions The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of madrassa education in building up a religiously cohesive society. The queries and questions which this research study addressed were: To investigate the social cohesion and disparity in the society. What are the key factors, which contribute to social cohesion or lead to social disparity? What is the understanding of madrasa administrators about social cohesion and social disparity? The study was qualitative in nature; an ethnographic case study was conducted to investigate the research problem, in order to investigate the research questions, administrators of all the 5 madrassa boards were interviewed, Semi-structured interview was conducted from the teachers and students of different school of thoughts to find out the different factors affecting social cohesion Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, City University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Chitral, Chitral, KP, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/religious-education-contribute-to-social-cohesion-or-lead-to-social-disparity https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Exploring Social Competence, Temperament and School Adjustment in Pakistani Preschool Sample Attiya Siraj Humaira Jami Social Competence Temperament School Adjustment Preschoolers The study was conducted to assess the social competence, temperament and school adjustment of 3-5 years old preschoolers. The aims of the research were to assess the gender differences in the levels of social competence as well as to study the associations between the various aspects of temperament, social competence and school adjustment. Participants are 227, 3-5 yeas old preschoolers (N= 227 with boys n = 127 and girls n = 100), their mothers (N= 227) and teachers (N= 100) from various cities of Pakistan. Data was collected using the Social Competence Teacher Version Scale, Child Behavioral Questionnaire very Shor Form and Teacher Reported Scale of School Adjustment. The results indicated significant gender differences in the social competence levels, and significant positive and negative associations were found between the subdimensions of temperament, school adjustment and social competence Humanity Publications Comsats University Islamabad, Pakistan. National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-social-competence-temperament-and-school-adjustment-in-pakistani-preschool-sample https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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People Perception Towards the Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Provision of Health Facilities: Pragmatic Facts from Swat-Pakistan Shakeel Ahmad Jan Alam Shahid Rehman Health Facilities People Perception Medical Camps BHUs Medicine Mosquito Net NGOs Medical Team Swat & Pakistan This study entitled the people perception towards the role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the provision of health facilities in district Swat, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan" was conducted with objectives to measure the attitude of the target population about the NGOs intervention in the study area through pre and post-relationship on health facilities". A sample size of 230 out of 450 populations was selected through a simple random sampling procedure. The study concluded that the number of disabled centers increased, hygiene kits and sanitation kits were distributed, medical teams/doctors and medicines were provided by NGOs, mosquito nets distributed, the establishment of BHUs, mobile hospitals, and free medical camps were increased post-NGOs intervention as a significant change with the level of satisfaction of the locals. Based on the findings of the study, extend projects to other far plunged and neglected areas while incorporating all felt needs of the locals. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. PhD, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/people-perception-towards-the-role-of-nongovernmental-organizations-in-provision-of-health-facilities-pragmatic-facts-from-swatpakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Relationship between Work-Family Conflict and Turnover Intention of University Teachers in Lahore Mahvish Fatima Kashif Sidra Israr Work-Family Conflict University Teachers Lahore Turnover Intention The study tried to investigate the relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intentions of female university teachers in Lahore city across public and private sectors. Correlational research was selected as a research design. All the female teachers of public and private sector universities of Lahore city are considered as the population of the study. Proportionate stratified random sampling was used to select the sample. Strata were formed on the basis of designation. The sample size of teachers in public sector universities was 249, and the sample size of teachers in private sector universities was 201. A questionnaire was developed by Carlson, Kacmar, & Williams (2000) was used to measure work-family conflict. The measurement of turnover intention was addressed by using the Turnover Intention Scale (TIS) developed by Roodt, (2004). Multiple Regression was applied to explore the relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the two groups, such as the nature of institutions and marital status. It was concluded that there is a significant relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intentions of female university teachers. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Faculty of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-workfamily-conflict-and-turnover-intention-of-university-teachers-in-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Influence of Social Media on Psychological Distress Among Youth: A Case Study of Instagram Rao Shahid Mahmood Muhammad Bilal Nawaz Arsha Saleem Meer Instagram Psychological Distress Social Media Survey FOMO Social Comparison Theory This study investigates the role of Instagram causing psychological distress among youth. Instagram is an application through which a person can share photos online and edit them by using different filters that are also available within the application. It is a social networking service that provides a platform to a person to share their images easily with their friends or followers. Understanding the impact of Instagram on youth's well-being has become a priority due to a simultaneous increase in mental health problems. The researcher applied the theory of social comparison. The researcher used the quantitative methodology to obtain results which were further analyzed statistically. Data was collected from 250 respondents using the survey as a tool for data gathering. The general findings of the study show Instagram causes psychological distress among youth. It also highlighted the kind of posts and stories that caused is tress among youth. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/influence-of-social-media-on-psychological-distress-among-youth-a-case-study-of-instagram https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-III).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Role of Producers in Giving Awareness and Treating Reenacted Crime Stories in Pakistani TV Channels Saima Waheed Seemab Far Bukhari Ashraf Iqbal Role of Producers Awareness Reenacted Crime Stories Treatment of Crime This research study explains the "Role of producers in giving awareness and treating reenacted crime stories in Pakistani TV Channels" and how is awareness given and crime being treated by using camera angles, animation, indoor & outdoor sets and props by the producers. Study is based on the notion of awareness regarding crimes and reenacted crime shows and role of producers during production of any program. Research study analyzed content of program to monitor the agenda of crime shows. Two methodologies of research quantitative and qualitative by using method of content analysis and framing analysis has been used in study. Data was collected by analyzing content of programs and observing the production techniques which used in reenactment crime shows. Study discussed production elements of shows that play significant role to set agenda of sensationalism & exaggeration of crimes among viewers. Humanity Publications Lecturer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Institute of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Incharge, Department of Mass Communication, GC Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/Role-of-Producers-in-Giving-Awareness-and-Treating-Reenacted-Crime-Stories-in-Pakistani-TV-Channels https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Print Media Role in Promotion of Human Rights in Pakistan Irem Sultana Rao Shahid Mahmood Khan Ifra Iftikhar Print Media Promotion Human Rights Exploratory Human wrong journalism. The current study is an exploratory study of Pakistan's print media to understand its role in the promotion of Human rights as their promotion is the basic duty of every state as per the United Nations agenda. It is the content analysis of four national dailies, both Urdu and English. Study finds out that there is no significant difference among both types of papers in publishing news regarding Human Rights. But Urdu papers published more news about Human Rights as compare to English Dailies. Both type of newspapers mostly published news about loss & damages and the statements. Pakistani press is not conscious about the United Nations Agenda of "Promotion of Human Rights is the responsibility of the states" and publishes the news about incidents objectively. Professional journalists should differentiate between the "Human right journalism and human wrong journalism". Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/print-media-role-in-promotion-of-human-rights-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Student's Risk Perception and Attitude towards Drug Abuse in Educational Institutions of Pakistan Rahat Shah Imran Sabir Saba Aslam Khan Risk perception Attitude Drug abuse Students Pakistan. The current study aimed at exploring the attitude and risk perception of the students towards drug abuse. It was conducted through a quantitative survey technique in the educational institutions (Schools, Colleges and Universities) of four metropolitan cities of Pakistan. The sample size for the survey was 4997 students, using a multistage cluster sampling technique. The study found that although a majority (79%) of the students has a negative attitude towards the use of drugs, and consider its consumption as risky (poor health, lack of sleep, physical weakness, low academic performance, family conflicts and involvement in crimes), yet every fifth of the students is vulnerable to become a drug addict, as 21 percent of the respondent's regard drug consumption as a risk-free activity. Conclusively, findings of the study, even though limited in the scope, are important to understand adolescent behaviour to ascertain the direction of future public policy on drug abuse in Pakistan. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/students-risk-perception-and-attitude-towards-drug-abuse-in-educational-institutions-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Investigating the Relationship of Job Stress and Turnover Intentions by taking Work-Family Conflict and Family Work Conflict as Mediators Zargham Ullah Khan Gullam Muhyuldeen Job Stress Turnover Intentions Work-Family Conflicts Family-Work Conflicts Employees and Employer. Turnover intentions are to lose skilled workers. Job stress is the cause of the use of employee turnover. Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Family Work Conflict (FWC) were considered to be intermediaries between the employees' Turnover Intentions. This study investigates the relationship between Job Stress and Turnover Intentions. It was studied by taking Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Family Work Conflict (FWC) as mediator. Research is based on a quantitative approach. Data were collected from employees in the public and private sectors by means of a questionnaire distributed among 330 employees, and a total of 296 responses was received. An analysis was conducted on SPSS. The relationship was estimated through the association between Pearson and the gist of the variables determined by conducting regression analysis. It was designed to evaluate the impact of the WFC and FWC using the Hayes process. With the mediated influence of WFC and FWC, this study showed the significant positive impact of Job Stress and Turnover Intentions. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Hailey College of Banking and Finance, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MBA Insurance and Risk Management, Hailey College of Banking and Finance, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/investigating-the-relationship-of-job-stress-and-turnover-intentions-by-taking-workfamily-conflict-and-family-work-conflict-as-mediators https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Role of Pakistan Peoples' Party in the Political Development in Pakistan. An Appraisal of Asif Ali Zardari Period (2008-2013) Kausar Shafiq Abdul Basit Khan Ali Shan Shah Asif Ali Zardari Pakistan Peoples' Party Political Power Institutionalization in Pakistan. The denial of the institutionalization of political power by various civilian as well as martial law regimes has been a constant problem in Pakistan. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the first person who could do so in an effective manner, but his eternal departure in the early phase of the history of Pakistan changed the entire course of the country, and the successor leadership had to pursue self-serving politics just to prolong their rule. The same is the case with the rule of General Pervaiz Musharraf (1999-2008), which converted the parliamentary system envisaged by the 1973 constitution of Pakistan into a quasi-presidential system just to prolong the military dictatorship. The subsequent rule of the Pakistan Peoples' Party (2008-2013) was a tough period for the political leadership since the preceding dictatorship had completely altered the socio-political landscape of the country; however, the political wisdom of Mr. Asif Ali Zardari helped the country to sail smoothly during the aftershocks of the martial law regime. In that perspective, the current study intends to analyze the political developments in Pakistan during the third rule of the Pakistan Peoples' Party over the country during the period 2008-2013. Humanity Publications Visiting Faculty Member, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science & IR, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science & IR, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2020-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-pakistan-peoples-party-in-the-political-development-in-pakistan-an-appraisal-of-asif-ali-zardari-period-20082013 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(V-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 5, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Gender Equality in Europe; Developments with reference to Gender Pay Gap and Violence Zaheer Iqbal Cheema Ali Nawaz Jawwad Riaz EU and Gender Equality Gender Inequalities in Europe Pay Gap and Gender-Based Violence in EU The European Union has kept the agenda of gender equality at the front line of legislation and policy development. The research examined the policies and the efficacy of the European Union in endorsing gender equality and determines where the Union's system has proved to be less effective. Despite the efforts by the European Union in addressing gender-related issues, a slow improvement has been indicated in achieving gender parity. Inequality persists in many domains of gender equality, including the gender pay gap and gender-based violence. Our research suggests that adequate attention in terms of relevance, effective implementation and funding must be given to all domains of gender equality. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, University Law College, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University Law College, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University Law College, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gender-equality-in-europe-developments-with-reference-to-gender-pay-gap-and-violence https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Stress Causing Factors Among Medical Students in Taxila, Pakistan Sidra Afzal Mahira Afzal Stress Medical Students Factors Causing Stress Medical students undergo various factors causing stress which are major concerns regarding mental disorders and suicidal ideation. In this study descriptive, a survey was conducted by using the convenience-sampling technique among a total of 161 students of 1st and 2nd-year MBBS students. The aims of this study were to evaluate the magnitude of stress-causing factors and to analyze how significantly they are related to stress in medical students. Data collection was done by using Medical Students Stress Questionnaire (MSSQ) with few modifications. Results revealed that among four variables, "heavy workload" and "large amount of content to be learnt" are positively correlated with a value of 0.587. The relationship between these two variables is also significant at both .01 and .05 level of significance. In conclusion, these factors causing stress leads to various stress responses, including physiological as well as behavioral responses. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Physiology, HITEC-IMS Medical College, Taxila Cantt, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD, Communication Officer, United Nations World (WFP), Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/stress-causing-factors-among-medical-students-in-taxila-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Moderating Role of Perceived Social Support in Perceived Stress and Quality of Life among Parents of Children with Special Needs Noreena Kausar Bushra Bibi Sadia Bint Raza Perceived Social Support Autism Spectrum Disorder Intellectual Disability &Perceived Stress The study was designed with the objective to examine the perceived social support (PSS) as a moderator between parental perceived stress (PPS) and quality of life (QOL) among parents having children with special needs. A sample of 300 parents was selected through purposive sampling from special education schools and health care centres of Lalamusa, Kharian, Gujrat and Gujranwala, Pakistan. Parental Perceived Stress Scale (PPSS), MultiDimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MDSPSS) and quality of life was measured through the Urdu version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire (Parent Version of QOLA) were administered to collect the data. Findings illustrated that PPS, QOL and PSS had statistically significant relationships (p < .001) with each other. Further, PPS is a significant moderator between PPS and QOL among targeted parents. On the basis of findings, it is concluded that there is an intense need of providing awareness and social support to empower parents for coping with stresses. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/moderating-role-of-perceived-social-support-in-perceived-stress-and-quality-of-life-among-parents-of-children-with-special-needs https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Newly Inducted and Experienced Teachers' Working Relationships: What can they learn from each other? Syed Abdul Waheed Nadia Gilani Nazia Noor Newly Inducted Teachers Experienced Teachers Work Relationship Mutual Learning School Teachers. Induction Teacher Training Many teachers are recruited to meet the needs of the increased number of students in the schools. The nature of newly inducted and experienced teachers working relationships determine the academic environment of the school. The present study aims to interview newly inducted and experienced teachers to understand how both the teachers establish relationships and what they can learn from each other during their professional duties. Seven teacher participants from each of the newly inducted and experienced teachers were selected working in public and private sector schools of a large district in Pakistan. The participants were selected purposively, and the data collected through interviews were analyzed using the line-by-line approach for coding the data and formulating the themes and sub-themes. The themes reflected that newly inducted and experienced teachers had supportive relationships and learned from each other. The newly inducted teachers learned teaching strategies, classroom management, and knowledge about the school and students from the experienced teachers, and the experienced teachers learned how the teachers should be friendly with the students. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Research & Assessment, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil, Department of Education, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/newly-inducted-and-experienced-teachers-working-relationships-what-can-they-learn-from-each-other https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Writing a Doctoral Dissertation: A Qualitative Study of Education Doctoral Students' Perceptions Tanzeela Batool Yaar Muhammad Faisal Anis Dissertation Writing Doctoral Students Perceptions Qualitative Research Procrastination For doctoral students, dissertation writing is an important stage in their completion of the degree. They might face several problems during this stage. The aim of the current qualitative study was to explore doctoral students' perceptions of dissertation writing. Ten participants were selected through a purposive sampling technique from the education department of a private university in Lahore, Pakistan. An interview guide was constructed in light of the research objectives and literature review. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The findings of the study revealed language barriers, insufficient academic writing skills, inadequate supervisory support, and personal factors as problems faced by doctoral students during their dissertation writing. It is recommended that an academic writing course should be offered during coursework. Moreover, effective supervisory support should be ensured at the dissertation writing stage. The concerned department should facilitate and solve the problems of doctoral students during their write-up stage. Humanity Publications Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/writing-a-doctoral-dissertation-a-qualitative-study-of-education-doctoral-students-perceptions https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Parents Perceived Burden, Societal Behavior, and Quality of Life of Patients with Hemophilia: A Case-Study of the Children's Hospital Multan Saima Afzal Sidra Hussain Hafsa Rehman Hemophilic Child Quality of Life Societal Behavior Social Exclusion and Alienation Interpretative Phenomenological Approach Children Hospital Multan The main aim of the study was to explore the perceived socio-economic burden on parents of children suffering from haemophilia and societal behavior towards patient and caregiver. A qualitative approach was utilized to narrate experiences of parenting a hemophilic child. To fulfil the said objective, 14 parents were interviewed by using sequential sampling with the help of an interview guide. All the informants included in the study were taken from Children hospital, Multan. The researcher analyzed all emerging themes from text to disseminate information. Results revealed that the majority of the parents were less educated and belonged to a middle-class background. And having a child with Haemophilia is a life-shifting phenomenon for parents. Lack of awareness regarding disease among mother caregiver was also identified as an addition to parent's miseries. Most patients were suffered from Haemophilia A, with poor health status. However, patient's caregivers were content with behavior of their family members, doctors and other medical staff. On the basis of the present findings, researcher made a recommendation to endorse patient-centred care for haemophilic patients and recognition of patient's illness and reconciliation with society. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Departmeny of Sociology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lacturer (Visiting), Departmeny of Sociology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Departmeny of Sociology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/parents-perceived-burden-societal-behavior-and-quality-of-life-of-patients-with-hemophilia-a-casestudy-of-the-childrens-hospital-multan- https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Predictors of Interpersonal Tolerance among School Children: A Demographic Study Nabil Hussain Bushra Akram Demographics Interpersonal Tolerance Predictors School Children The present quantitative study was designed to explore the predictors of interpersonal tolerance among school children. The population consisted of children of private and government schools. A sample of (N=330) participants was selected by using a random sampling technique. The data was collected from the participants by using an indigenously developed Interpersonal Tolerance Scale for School Children (ITSSC). Statistical analysis of data was carried out to find the relationships between different demographic variables and interpersonal tolerance. Results indicated that different predictors accounted for variance in interpersonal tolerance among school children. Some variables, including age, school type, residential area and father education, showed significant impact on interpersonal tolerance among children whereas gender, mother education, family system and socioeconomic status were not significant predictors in interpersonal tolerance. Findings contributed to understanding the role of predictors in the formation of interpersonal tolerance among children in a cultural and social context. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/predictors-of-interpersonal-tolerance-among-school-children-a-demographic-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Inter-generational Attitudinal Shift towards English from Punjabi Language: A Sociolinguistic Study of Lahore, Pakistan Nosheen Naqvi Mubashar Nadeem Abdul Rahman Attitudinal Shift Punjabi Urdu and English Languages Socio-academic Needs Language Death The survey study investigates the intergenerational attitudinal shift towards English from the Punjabi language with a focus on three generations (male and female) population of Lahore ageing 55 years and above, 35 to 54 and 15 to 34. A twenty-five questions questionnaire was administered on randomly selected sixty subjects for the quantitative data analyzed qualitatively. The numerical analysis was carried out to see the intergenerational shift towards English from the Punjabi language. For this purpose, the regression and ANOVA are conducted in SPSS (Statistical Software). The results reflect that the Punjabi language, though rich in literature and history, does not find a status that is enjoyed by English or Urdu. Hence the study recommends that to save the Punjabi language from social death; it may be taught as a language at schools so that the coming generations may enjoy speaking, reading and writing of Punjabi language as a living language like others. Humanity Publications Ph.D Scholar, Department of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer (English), Department of Social Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/intergenerational-attitudinal-shift-towards-english-from-punjabi-language-a-sociolinguistic-study-of-lahore-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of Self-Talk on Male Intervarsity Volleyball Players' Performance Yasmeen Tabassum Hurria Hussein Iqra Khadim Self-talk Volleyball Players Performance Self-talk is the process by which an individual may guide him/herself to accomplish a goal. Positive self-talk relates to the ability to overcome negative thinking. Those who practice positive self-talk are more likely not to suffer from negative thoughts. The present study aimed to examine the effect of self-talk on intervarsity male volleyball players' performance. For this purpose, we selected n=84 players with an age range between 18-25 (mean age =23.7±2.05) from all Pakistan Volleyball intervarsity competitions 2019-2020. The study of results convinced that the majority of athletes strongly agreed that positive self-talk had a significant optimistic effect on their performances and reduced negative feelings and emotions before and during competition. It has been exhibited that self-talk increments in recurrence as the event progresses to be more challenging or competitive. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Director Sports, Department of Sports for Women, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Tehsil Sports Officer, Narowal, Punjab youth Affairs, Sports Archeology and Tourism Department, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-selftalk-on-male-intervarsity-volleyball-players-performance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Relationship between Perceived Quality of Home Environment and Self-Concept of Students at Undergraduate Level Mahvish Fatima Kashif Ayesha Batool Sana Hafeez Home Environment Students Undergraduate Level University The objective of the study was to identify the relationship of different dimensions of perceived quality of home environment and self-concept of undergraduate university students. Correlational research was selected as the research design. The population of the study was university students of the education department of public and private universities of Lahore. The total population was 1760. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample. The strata were formed on the basis of the nature of the universities. The total number of students selected as the sample was 528. The instrument consisted of three parts; the first part consisted of demographic information (gender, nature of institution). The second part consisted of the Home Environment Inventory, designed by Misra (1983) to measure the quality of the home environment and the third part consisted of the Self-Concept Scale by Rastogi (1979) to measure self-concept. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables. The results indicated a significant relationship between the home environment and the self-concept of university students. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-perceived-quality-of-home-environment-and-selfconcept-of-students-at-undergraduate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Oppression and Female Body: A Feminist Critique of the Novel 'Half the Sky' Ayesha Khaliq Mamona Yasmin Khan Rabia Hayat Oppression Violence Feminism Patriarchy Female Body The female body is more than often used as a site to perpetuate violence and oppress women in patriarchal societies. The current study aims to explore how patriarchal oppression targets the female body and how it enforces women to become subalterns having no voice in the selected fictional work, Half the Sky by Kristoff and WuDunn. For this purpose, Simone De Beauvoir's The Second Sex (1949) and Bryan Turner's The Body theory (1984) are used as theoretical frameworks to explore the selected novel. The research is descriptive qualitative, and placed within the interpretive paradigm. The data for the present study is in the form of textual paragraphs, which is taken from the selected novel and is collected through the purposive sampling technique. The study argues on women's oppression and violence. The findings of the study revealed that the dominancy of male counterpart in every field of life is the basic reason for women oppression which leads to the women being subalterns. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Women University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/oppression-and-female-body-a-feminist-critique-of-the-novel-half-the-sky https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Attitude of People towards Non-Government Organizations Intervention with Reference to Health Awareness: A Post Crisis Analysis in Swat-Pakistan Shakeel Ahmad Mansoor Ahmad Asif Mehmood Non-Government Organizations Heath Awareness Crisis Intervention Pakistan This study conducted with the objective to measure the pre and post NGOs intervention regarding health awareness and people level of satisfaction. The sample size for this study was selected 230 from the total population of 450. The study concluded that NGOs intervention significantly lunching campaign against tobacco control, HIV/AIDS, immunization awareness, dengue virus awareness. In addition, there was an increase in health hygiene and nutrition education, training of traditional birth attendants and health worker trainings with new technologies. The government and NGOs extend their projects that are focusing on communicable diseases that ultimately lead to the control of various lives threatening disease. Preventive health efforts must be initiated by both public and private agencies at the community level. Health and hygiene-related material must be included in the textbooks of private and public school at all level. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Social Work and Sociology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/attitude-of-people-towards-nongovernment-organizations-intervention-with-reference-to-health-awareness-a-post-crisis-analysis-in-swatpakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of Solitary on Depression and Well-being of Older Adults Residing in Old Homes Ammara Sattar Muhammad Naveed Riaz Asma Rashid Solitary Depression Well-Being Older Adults Old Homes The study aimed to examine the effect of solitary on depression and the well-being of older adults residing in old homes. The sample comprised of older adults residing in old homes (N = 100). Solitude Scale, Depression subscale of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and Short Warwick Edinburg Mental Well-Being Scale were applied on the older adults. Linear Regression analysis showed that solitary positively predicted depression in older adults residing in old homes, whereas solitary negatively predicted well-being in older adults residing in old homes. The findings of this study can be used to improve the mental health of older adults residing in old homes. Humanity Publications Department of Psychology, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-solitary-on-depression-and-wellbeing-of-older-adults-residing-in-old-homes https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Pak-China Economic Corridor and its Consequence on Pakistan's Demography Shabnam Gul Aftab Alam Zahid Akbar CPEC Economic Expansion Accomplished Jeopardize Geo-Economic Sino-Pak Economic ties will be a great development, but if their first and utmost priority is local citizen, poor people and underdeveloped areas. Pakistan being a developing country is facing a high level of socio-economic and governance problems; the corridor can provide a big break to soothe its economic structure. In this connection, the Balochistan seaport will be a home of traders and world economies because of their great geographical location. Pakistan is an agricultural state, and its economic structure is mostly based on agro land, but due to some reason still, it is an unbalanced economy; the passageway will offer a solution to its troubles and will open a new chapter of development by improving socio-economic conditions of the people and elevating their quality of life. Many Special Economic Zones are conceived to be established in all five provinces. This opportunity will also help to improve not only the south Asian region but will make this particular country Pakistan, a hub for socio-economic activities. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Phd Scholar, Centre for South Asian Studies, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ministry of Defence Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/pakchina-economic-corridor-and-its-consequence-on-pakistans-demography https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Methamphetamine/ICE use in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Sameer Ul Khaliq Jan Hamid Alam Ayub Khan Risk Factors Methamphetamine/Ice Frequent Use Peshawar Mardan The present study aims to analyze the causative factors which are responsible for the use of a stimulant drug methamphetamine which is commonly known as ice. For this purpose, data were collected from the two districts, i.e. Peshawar and Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A conceptual framework consists of Independent variable (ice use frequency) and dependent variables (risk factors). Data was collected through a structured questionnaire from a sample of 180 ice users by a snowball sampling technique. A Chi-square test was applied to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. The results reveal that a significant (p=0.05) association was found between various risk factors, i.e. easy availability, friends insistence, try out new experiences/curiosity, and use of ice for exam preparation with frequent use of ice. The study recommends that awareness may be created through educational, religious institution and media for the prevention and rehabilitation of ice addiction. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Social Work, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir Upper, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Social Work, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-risk-factors-associated-with-methamphetamineice-use-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Objectification of Women in Pakistani Television Advertisements and its Impact on the Body Image of Women Noor Ul Ain Nasir Tanveer Hussain Saima Waheed Objectification Women Television Advertisements Body Image This research study signifies the objectification of women in television advertisements in Pakistan and the portrayal of women as sexual objects that are used as an attraction for the opposite gender. Content analysis was conducted of the leading Pakistani entertainment channel "Hum TV", advertisements during the prime time for one whole month and the patterns were identified, and then the survey was conducted, 200 questionnaires were distributed among the students of University Central Punjab to know the impacts. Cultivation theory was employed to find theoretical foundations. The results of the study showed that excessive exposure to television advertisements where women are treated as sexual objects and used for the purpose of selling things cultivate an objectified image of women in society as a sex symbol. The findings also suggest that there is a high involvement of sexual content in the advertisement. Efforts are made in this regard, but there is a long way to go. Humanity Publications Lecturer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-objectification-of-women-in-pakistani-television-advertisements-and-its-impact-on-the-body-image-of-women https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effects of Social Safety Nets on the Empowerment of Disabled Person in Pakistan Muhammad Zaheer Khan Nazia Malik Zahira Batool Social Safety Net Programs (SSNPs) SSN Poverty PWD BISP Regression Pakistan This article focuses on the means through which emerging nations' social safety nets reach the poor with impairments. A framework is presented for evaluating the integration of people with disabilities (PWDs) in social safety nets (SNNs). The article begins by reviewing the data on the relationship between disability and poverty, followed by a discussion of the possible roles that safety nets may play in the context of disability. Disability-specific safety nets may be provided to people with disabilities via both inclusive mainstream programs and disability-specific programs. The main objective of the study is to check the effects of social safety nets on the lives of persons with disabilities. For the purpose of information gathering, 500 disabled persons were selected randomly from the list provided by the Benazir Income Support Program (BISP), Pakistan. Data was collected with the help of a well-structured interview schedule, and collected data were processed through a statistical package for social sciences. Findings illustrate that social safety nets are helpful for the persons with disability and bring them mainstream society by eliminating poverty. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Chairperson, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effects-of-social-safety-nets-on-the-empowerment-of-disabled-person-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Conceptualizing Pakistani Women's Emancipation during Musharraf Era (1999-2008) Shazia Noareen Women Theorizing Pakistan Society Education Politics The paper analysis and conceptualizing the status and emancipation of women in Pakistan during the Musharraf era. In Pakistan's context, the position of women is a foundational gender disparity even though the reality is that it differs impressively across classes, zones and the rural/urban disparity because of uneven socio-economic growth and the influence of innate, primitive and entrepreneur societal arrangements on the women lives. The study concluded that Pakistani women nowadays, although they escalate a higher status than before. Moreover, women in Pakistan have attained high positions, including Prime Minister, Speaker of the National Assembly, Foreign Minister, and federal ministers also, judges and officers in the military. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of History & Pakistan Studies, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/conceptualizing-pakistani-womens-emancipation-during-musharraf-era-19992008 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Role of Pakistan's Electronic Media in Factors Affecting the Women Empowerment in Pakistan; A Case Study of Lahore Maria Naeem Laiba Ashar Muhammad Ali Tajdar Women Women Empowerment Pakistani Dramas Media Empowering women is an important worldwide development problem. It has different forms over time and space but is tightly associated with economic, social, cultural, family or interpersonal fields. As in many other countries, Pakistan has signed various international statements to empower women, yet Pakistani women also suffer from a high level of discrimination and are economically dependent. Academic material on the empowerment of women worldwide and in Pakistan is also available. Media has the power to reach a big audience through mass communications and is regarded as the most important instrument of society in modern times. While the media, on the other hand, have particular tasks to carry out to improve society as the fatal pillar of our democracy. It can play an effective part in communicating knowledge to society by empowering women via the education of society. The researchers have used cultivation theory as a theoretical framework and have conducted a quantitative survey to collect the data. Humanity Publications Lecturer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Masters Student, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Masters Student, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-pakistans-electronic-media-in-factors-affecting-the-women-empowerment-in-pakistan-a-case-study-of-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Importance of Exercise Therapy in Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Lungs Cancer Patients Farooq Shehzad Amreena Begum Bashir Muhammad Exercise Therapy Pulmonary Rehabilitation Lungs Cancer The study titled "The Importance of Exercise Therapy in Rehabilitation of Lungs Cancer Patients: An Analysis of The Patients Through Exercise Therapy" was conducted in Shaukat Khanam Memorial Hospital and Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine hospital, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The data were collected on exercise therapy (independent variables) and Pulmonary Rehabilitation of lungs cancer (dependent variable). Whereas the Chi- square test was used to test the association among the study variables. The association of pulmonary rehabilitation was found highly significant with regular exercise increases exercise tolerance (P=0.000,) recreational physical activities enhance disease tolerance (P=0.000), physical exercise improves the better health condition of the victims (P=0.003), physical exercise-based rehabilitation improves life expectancy (P=0.022), the universe for the present study was Shaukat Khanam Memorial Hospital and Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine hospital, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A sample size of 152 respondents was selected through a simple random sampling procedure. The main aim of therapy is to reduce the severity of the disease, which in turn would lead to proper rehabilitation and the rest of the patients was suggested as policy recommendation. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-importance-of-exercise-therapy-in-pulmonary-rehabilitation-of-lungs-cancer-patients https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Sense of Coherence, Quality of Life and Mental Health among Adults Identified with Different Levels of Depression Masud Akhtar Muhammad Naveed Riaz Humaira Shaheen Depressive Symptoms Sense of Coherence Quality of Life Mental Health This research has focused on the role of sense of coherence in perceived quality of life and mental health among adults identified with different levels of depression. The research is grounded in a mental health model stemmed from medical sociology, which focuses on the mass level health and coping mechanisms in diverse populations. In a mass-level study, a survey research design was selected for approaching participants and collecting information from 300 adults having depressive symptoms. More specifically, a cross-sectional design was employed for data collection. About seven months were consumed in compiling this research, out of which major time was spent in data collection. Findings of the study confirmed the anticipated outcomes as a sense of coherence positively predicted perceived quality of life and mental health among adults having depressive symptoms. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Psychology, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sense-of-coherence-quality-of-life-and-mental-health-among-adults-identified-with-different-levels-of-depression https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Qualitative Study on Socio-economic Impacts of Tuberculosis: A Case Study of District Multan, Pakistan Syed Zuhaib Aziz Kamran Ishfaq Shahid Iqbal Socio-economic Impacts Tuberculosis Multan Pakistan The study was executed to know the sociology-economic impacts of TB on patients and their families in rural areas of district Multan, Pakistan. It was a qualitative research conducted from February to September 2018. The data was collected through In-depth Interviews (IDIs) with 30 TB patients (aged ≥16 years) using an open-ended interview guide and five focus group discussions with the medical personnel who were dealing with TB. Thematic analysis was carried out to analyze data. The study resulted in the majority of TB patients and their family members being illiterate or less educated. Being unfamiliar with TB, its prevention, and treatment protocol, the majority of respondents were under great stress. They were facing various socioeconomic issues like deaths, denial in marriage proposals,divorce/separation, hatred, social isolation, social stigma, and increased economic burden due to long treatment duration. To resolve this life-threatening issue, awareness was found inevitable. Humanity Publications Ph. D, Department of Sociology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Associate Professor/Chairman, Department of Sociology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan Centre for Disaster, Preparedness & Management, (CDPM), University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-qualitative-study-on-socioeconomic-impacts-of-tuberculosis-a-case-study-of-district-multan-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Examining Journalism as a Career for Women in Pakistan from the Challenges and Role Perspectives Saadia Anwar Pasha Nosheena Saleem Career Discrimination Harassment Newsroom Culture Women Journalists Distinct Society individuals based on gender. This stratification leads to unequal power relations within society, particularly in media organizations. With the technological changes, gender expectations and women's participation in society is transformed. In Pakistan, gender roles and expectations are still ingrained in the patriarchal life. In this context, we investigated women's status in Pakistani media by exploring their position in the newsroom, their career advancement, and the role that harassment and discrimination play in professional attainment. The primary objective of this study involves exploring women in journalism from different perspectives. We used a cross-sectional design accompanied by Structural Equation Modelling to investigate the relevant phenomenon. We selected a sample of n= 224 female journalists using the stratified sampling method and executed close-ended surveys for the data gathering purposes. Findings indicated that women's experiences in the newsroom echo the struggle for survival as they're confined to soft beats with no recruitment policy specified for their induction. However, to cope with the persistent challenges, women journalists have also adopted masculine traits and routines to fit within the journalistic culture.Therefore, we conclude that journalists career in the media and be competent enough to make media organizations if opportunities are given. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Professor, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/examining-journalism-as-a-career-for-women-in-pakistan-from-the-challenges-and-role-perspectives https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Female Authenticity in the Holy Woman by Qaisra Shahraz Romana Jabeen Bukhari Muhammad Ahsan Fatima Khan Exploitation Patriarchy Identity Social Prescription Authenticity Resistance Existential Rights Regeneration The purpose of this study is to discover a new identity for women. This study aims to examine a specific text permeated by a consciousness of the general cultural suppression and exploitation in societies and cultures where patriarchy subordinates' women prescribing images and roles for them and the consequent resistance and regeneration on the part of women. The researcher selected Qaisra Shahraz's The Holy Woman, which shows the subjugation of women in twenty-first-century Pakistan. This qualitative study makes an analysis of the female protagonist in the light of existentialism's concept of authenticity and records how she resists, fights, and challenges exploitation and social prescription of her identity with the result that she re-emerges spiritually and establishes her existential rights as a free and independent human being. As exemplified through this text, the resistance and mobilization against these dominant patriarchal ideologies endow the female protagonist with regeneration and spiritual uplift. Through the discussion of the exploited but spiritually heightened character, the study concludes with a new image and identity for women, exploring possibilities to break away from social prescription. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, The Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecture, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/female-authenticity-in-the-holy-woman-by-qaisra-shahraz https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Prevalence of Familial Support among Older Persons of Sohan, Islamabad Aftab Ahmed Sarfraz Khan Ageing Ageing and Wellbeing Older Persons Familial Support Familial Care Health and Ageing Background: It is a matter of the fact that the ageing population is in serious need of public and private attention for their wellbeing in their everyday lives. Medical advancements able them to live longer, or medical science has enhanced the longevity of life, but it has led to certain socio-cultural implications which remain unaddressed. The present study focused on describing the prevalence of familial support for older persons of Sohan village, Islamabad. Methodology: A sample of 97 older persons having age 60 years and above were interviewed. Results: 73% OPs getting familial support: with 27.8% "strong support", 26.8% "moderate support" and 18.6% "low support". A significant relationship exists between age and familial support. The health profile of OPs compared with familial support shows most OPs with disease profiles attaining their family support. Conclusion: familial support will be increased for OPs with every passing year, or you may say with the high prevalence of familial support, chances to live longer can be increased. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/prevalence-of-familial-support-among-older-persons-of-sohan-islamabad https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Understanding Academic Motivation of High Achieving Students with Hearing Impairment in Higher Education: A Qualitative Study Snober Bukhari Sana Butt Yaar Muhammad Motivation Hearing Impairment Academic Achievement Case Study This study explored the factors that motivate students with hearing impairment (HI) to excel academically at the university level. The study incorporated a qualitative research design. Purposive sampling was used to select ten students with HI from a private university in Lahore. All the participants were engaged in face-to-face in-depth interviews with the help of a sign language interpreter to gather the information. The findings of the study showed almost all the participants of the study were externally motivated, aiming at achieving contingent rewards. They seemed more interested in receiving external rewards (external regulation), or the influence from their families or universities have made them internalized the significance of their academic pursuits (introjected regulation), or they had chosen to identify with the value of education provided to them by family, teachers or others (identified regulation). Intrinsic motivation leads to creativity and high-quality learning; universities must spark intrinsic motivation among their students, and students with HI are no exception to that. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/understanding-academic-motivation-of-high-achieving-students-with-hearing-impairment-in-higher-education-a-qualitative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Understanding Academic Motivation of High Achieving Students with Hearing Impairment in Higher Education: A Qualitative Study Snober Bukhari Sana Butt Yaar Muhammad Motivation Hearing Impairment Academic Achievement Case Study This study explored the factors that motivate students with hearing impairment (HI) to excel academically at the university level. The study incorporated a qualitative research design. Purposive sampling was used to select ten students with HI from a private university in Lahore. All the participants were engaged in face-to-face in-depth interviews with the help of a sign language interpreter to gather the information. The findings of the study showed almost all the participants of the study were externally motivated, aiming at achieving contingent rewards. They seemed more interested in receiving external rewards (external regulation), or the influence from their families or universities have made them internalized the significance of their academic pursuits (introjected regulation), or they had chosen to identify with the value of education provided to them by family, teachers or others (identified regulation). Intrinsic motivation leads to creativity and high-quality learning; universities must spark intrinsic motivation among their students, and students with HI are no exception to that. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/understanding-academic-motivation-of-high-achieving-students-with-hearing-impairment-in-higher-education-a-qualitative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Assessing the Role of Concerns about Health of Mother and Child in Determining Small Family Size in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Muhammad Jawad Seema Zubair Saima Sarir Small Family Size Fertility Maternal Health Children Health To measure the association between the health of mother and child and reduction in family size. The study was cross-sectional. The study was conducted by the Department of Sociology, University of Peshawar, from March 2013 to June 2016. The data were collected from 384 sampled respondents through interview schedule while chi-square statistics was applied to obtain major results. The study found a significant association of small family size with the statements describing the health of mother a major concern, due to its positive effects on reduction in family size followed by giving a reasonable space between two children and going to the hospital or calling trained health lady at the time of birth despite of the financial constraints. The study found that improved health of mother and child had a significant effect on reduction in family size. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Maths, Stats & Computer Science, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/assessing-the-role-of-concerns-about-health-of-mother-and-child-in-determining-small-family-size-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Impact of Various Interventions Introduced by NRSP on Agriculture Development in Tehsil Takht Bhai Muzafar Khan Adnan Ullah National Rural Support Programme Interventions Micro-credit Agriculture Development The present study was carried out to study the impact of various interventions introduced by NRSP on agriculture development in Tehsil Takht Bhai and to find out the effect of those interventions on the form of capital. For this purpose, 20 percent of the total households in three villages was taken, and 96 respondents were randomly selected and interviewed. The study showed that significant awareness about the impact of various interventions was created by NRSP among the respondents by involving them in various interventions. Results also revealed that various activities of NRSP such as water channels, workshop on agriculture, protection walls, water Humanity Publications Lecturer in Sociology, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan Teacher at Model Institute for State Children (ZAMUNG KOR), Department of Social Welfare, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-various-interventions-introduced-by-nrsp-on-agriculture-development-in-tehsil-takht-bhai https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Outcome Expectations and Youth's Attitude towards Agricultural Occupations Nadia Farooq Asad Ullah Agricultural Occupations Outcome Expectations Youth's Attitude The focus of this research paper is to assess the role of intrinsic factors (personal interest, outcome expectations) in shaping youth's attitude towards agricultural occupations. For this purpose, 486 youth under age group15-29 years were randomly selected from 12 villages in district Mardan. The data were collected through a data collection instrument/ questionnaire. This study revealed that the majority of the respondents were graduates and unemployed. Respondents showed less favorable attitudes towards agricultural occupations though most of them belonged to farming families. Low outcome expectations from agricultural occupations cause unfavorable attitudes towards agricultural occupations among youth. Humanity Publications Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/outcome-expectations-and-youths-attitude-towards-agricultural-occupations https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Studying the Causes of Delay in Criminal Trials under the Criminal Justice System of Pakistan Amjad Hussain Saeed Akhtar Muhammad Hassan Causes of Delay Criminal Trial Criminal Justice Judicial System Pakistan The present study aims to identify the causes of delay regarding the criminal trials under the criminal justice system of Pakistan. A society cannot survive where the justice system does not respond to wrongs in time. An inefficient justice system not only jiggles the confidence of people but also creates unrest among the people. On one hand, it loses its efficacy, and on the other, it promotes the culture of private vengeance. The Criminal Procedure Code1898 (CRPC) expressly states that when the cognizable offense is reported to the police for lodging First Information Report (FIR) under section 154 of CRPC. The police is legally bound to lodge FIR and initiate an investigation in terms of recording statements and collecting evidence to fix the responsibility within the stipulated time, if any. However, the study indicates that there are ample reasons for causing a delay in criminal justice for the administration of justice sternly.Further, Study also reveals that lack of provision of security to participants in the criminal justice system is also one of the reasons for causing the delay. Moreover, the researchers have adopted doctrinal research methods by using primary and secondary sources and suggested certain recommendations to remove the inappropriate delay in the criminal justice system of Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Additional Sessions Judge, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur., Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/studying-the-causes-of-delay-in-criminal-trials-under-the-criminal-justice-system-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring Household Food Security through a Sociocultural Perspective: An Associational Approach of District Torghar Younas Khan Mussawar Shah Asadullah Sociocultural Torghar Pakistan Household Food Security The present study was conducted in light of a sociological perspective in the district of Torghar, Pakistan,to assess the household food security status through a perceptional research design. A sample size of 379 household heads was selected as per the proportional allocation method. A structured interview schedule encompassing all the study dynamics, such as independent (sociocultural determinants) and dependent (food security) variables, was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The study findings indicated that famine was a socially constructed phenomenon being sprouted under the shade of cultural traits encouraging eating, producing, distributing, and consuming patterns. The prevalent culture was highly capacitated with abilities for assimilation and acculturation. The leading stakeholders, both individuals and institutions should strive for channelizing the behavioral food patterns by inculcating the wastage and misuse along with equality in distribution amongst locals inhabitants by taking inputs from the religion and constitutional enlightenment Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-household-food-security-through-a-sociocultural-perspective-an-associational-approach-of-district-torghar https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analyzing Hidden Elements in Disney Movies and Effects on Children Zahra Siddique Saadia Anwar Pasha Sana Ali Disney Movies Hidden Elements Themes Effects Children Disney characters and themes are inspiring for children. There is much more than an apparent setting of the Disney movies. Children learn to respect and help others; they also absorb some hidden messages. This research also aims to examine the hidden elements in the content produced by Disney as a major entertainment corporation. The researcher analyzed relevant movies and found prominent elements, i.e., escape, sexual content, jealousy, and stereotyping. Notably, parents of Disney movies' viewers do not guide their children or discuss the movies with the children to increase the potential influence of the movies on little minds. The effects of Disney movies include fear, low confidence, egoism, unrealistic expectations, ignorance, daydreaming, and contentment. Further, we have discussed the results and proposed recommendations for future researchers. Humanity Publications Independent Researcher, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/analyzing-hidden-elements-in-disney-movies-and-effects-on-children https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Tribal Values: Thematic Investigation of Patriarchy in "The Wandering Falcon" Muhammad Safiullah Nimra Saleem Bilal Khan Patriarchy Postmodern Feminism Tribal Areas Bride Price Women Pashtun Culture Female Slavery Kidnapping Honor Killing The present research was aimed to find the association between personal networking, social exclusion,and social well being among transgenders. Under the quantitative approach of study, the correlational design of the research was employed to evaluate the affiliation amid personal networking and social well being. Systematic sampling techniques and strategy were used to collect data of 350 transgender people having age ranges (18-60) years from four different zones of Lahore, the capital city of Punjab province, in Pakistan. Sample size, inclusion, and exclusion characteristics were considered while selecting a sample of the study. De Jong Gierveld Scale for social well being was used to measure various attributes of the social circle. A merged scale of Russel for loneliness, personal networking,and Lubben Social Networking scale was used to measure the personal networking of Transgender. The prejudice social exclusion scale was used to measure experiences of social exclusion from their own families and society/public by the Transgender. All three scales had excellent reliability and validity. Results will be implemented to interventional plans to increase social acceptance and contributions of Transgender towards society to increase their set-worth and confidence. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Faculty of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Rawalpindi Campus, Punjab, Student, Faculty of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan. Graduate, Faculty of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-tribal-values-thematic-investigation-of-patriarchy-in-the-wandering-falcon https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Discursive Analysis of Religio-cultural Perceptions about Evil Eye among Female Residents of Ghareebabad, Multan Tayabba Batool Tahir Evil Eye Religious Remedies Pakistan Cultural Remedies Envy Evil eye is a malignant glance that can damage well being of the person upon whom it's casted. Evil eye can be intentional or unintentional. The roots of evil eye lie in envious feelings towards someone's health, wealth, social and personal growth. Evil eye is a widely accepted belief across the globe as it elucidates inexplicable misfortunes faced by an individual or a group of people. By conducting an ethnographic fieldwork of four months among females of Ghareebabad, this study explores varied cultural and religious perceptions about evil eye prevalent in Pakistan. For this study, in-depth interviews were conducted by using purposive sampling technique. The descriptive analysis of data collected reveals greater reliance on local cultural remedies rather than religious rituals to ward off evil eye. The indigenous remedies used by respondents to ward off evil eye highlight the deep embeddedness of superstitious beliefs in local cultural cognizance. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-discursive-analysis-of-religiocultural-perceptions-about-evil-eye-among-female-residents-of-ghareebabad-multan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Linguistic Analysis of the Gender Representation in Jane Austen's Novel, Persuasion, Using Systemic Functional Grammar Muhammad Ishtiaq Nasim Gul Qaisar Hayat Gender Role/Representation Transitivity Framework Systemic Functional Grammar Narrative This work explores the relationship between linguistic structures and socially constructed meanings in a text. It employs the transitivity framework of Halliday in order to expose the ideological position and power relations in a classic literary work, especially from a systemic functional perspective. It also tries to find common ground between systemic functional grammar and a narrative. The presence of certain recurring linguistic features in a literary text gives insights into how such linguistic features create meanings and effects. The grammatical structures in a literary work are suggestive of some special meanings and effects. Consequently, in-depth analyses of these grammatical structures in this classic literary work lead to a more realistic understanding of the conventional gender role assigned to the two main characters (the heroin and the protagonist) of Jane Austen's last finished novel Persuasion. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Degree College Takht-e-Nasrati Karak, KP, Pakistan. Mphil English Linguistics, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat, and FATA University, Kohat, KP, Pakistan Lecturer Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat, KP, Pakistan 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/linguistic-analysis-of-the-gender-representation-in-jane-austens-novel-persuasion-using-systemic-functional-grammar https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393017 2021-09-30 gsr

Effectively Dealing with Bullying in Elite Schools: Principals' Perceptions and Practices Sana Butt Yaar Muhammad Sajid Masood Bullying Principals Elite Schools Qualitative Analysis Perceptions The purpose of this study was to explore principals' perceptions and practices to deal with students who show disruptive and aggressive behavior in schools by using qualitative research methods. The conceptual framework of the study was based on six different approaches to effectively deal with bullying in educational institutions. A basic qualitative research design was used, and twelve elite school principals were selected through the purposive sampling technique. The framework analysis of the interview data revealed that principals' understanding of what could be done to address bullying was not limited. They were well acquainted with the alternatives or options to deal with a problematic situation, and they creatively mixed different approaches according to their own perceptions and the nature of the problem. However, most of the participants dealt with students while strengthening their confidence and making them independent through counselling techniques. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effectively-dealing-with-bullying-in-elite-schools-principals-perceptions-and-practices https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Social Responsibility in Sanatan Dharm (Hinduism) (Four-fold Social Class System and Rejection of Untouchability) Sabir Naz Abdul Khaliq Rasheed Ahmad Sanatan Dharm Four-fold Social Class System Brahman Khashtri Vaish and Shudr Hindu Classics Modern Social Philosophy Untouchability Hinduism (Sanatan Dharm) provides social life guidance. The four main Varns (classes) i.e., Brahman,Khashtri, Vaish, and Shudr suggest an ethics for all the main human activities in society. But the Brahmans often misconstrued the true meaning of this class system and considered them superior in society. They oppressed the Shudras caused them much suffering. Many Hindu thinkers and writers have conceded these historical facts. They have tried to remind Hindus of their true values and social responsibility. Modern Hindu thinkers have been inspired by the classics of Sanatan Dharm, such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Ramayan. These classics articulate the social values of human beings, according to Sanatan Dharm. The Dharm never lets anybody down based on Varn, caste, creed, blood,or profession. Shrila Prabhupada, Swami Vivekanand, Dr. Ambedkar all are modern authors whose thinking has developed these values into a social philosophy. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Political Science, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Allied Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-responsibility-in-sanatan-dharm-hinduism-fourfold-social-class-system-and-rejection-of-untouchability https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Perception of Early Childhood Education Teachers on Students' Enrollment in Schools in District Nankana-Pakistan Muhammad Afzal Muhammad Aamir Hashmi ECE Enrolment of Students Public Schools Training of Teachers According to the Government of Pakistan (2003), one of the purposes of the National Plan of Action (NPA)2001-2015 is to control and codify the Katchi class, also, an extra space, a teacher, reading material, general media assistance, and a displaying unit are necessary for ECE. The primary goals of this research article were to examine early childhood education (ECE) teachers' perspectives on student enrolment in schools in the district of Nankana, Pakistan.A questionnaire was used to obtain primary data from 200 Nankana teachers, 20 administrator teachers, and 50 parents who were chosen at random. The researcher also chose two types of schools, one with ECE facilities and one without, and compared their findings. The researcher assessed the impact of ECE on student enrollment in sampleschools. We discovered that there is a scarcity of ECE-trained teachers in this sector, hence the government should hire more ECE teachers. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Superior University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perception-of-early-childhood-education-teachers-on-students-enrollment-in-schools-in-district-nankanapakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Health Literacy and Health Risk Behaviors among Cancer Patients Nadir Hayat Muhammad Ramzan Mian Muhammad Ahmad Iqbal Cancer Health literacy Correlation Cancer is accounted as serious problem that affects people all over the world. Cancer is becoming more common in Pakistan as a result of a lack of health facilities, limited medical equipment, and a lack of doctors with specialized knowledge. The link between health risk behavior and health literacy among cancer patients is investigated in this study. Patients from four government sector hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan, were recruited randomly to provide the data. The data was gathered using a well-structured questionnaire. Critical health literacy (r =.469**),communicative (r =.660**), Functional (r =.370**), and health risk behaviour were discovered through correlation analysis. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar in Sociology, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ghazali Shafie Graduate School of Government, Universiti Utara, Malaysia. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/health-literacy-and-health-risk-behaviors-among-cancer-patients https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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History of Women Empowerment in Pakistan: A Study from Political Slogan to Practices (1947 to 2008 Nayab Kanwal Asia Saif Alvi Hamid Iqbal Women Empowerment Human Rights Women Rights 1973 Constitution Women's empowerment is promoting women's sagacity of self-worth, capability to decide their personal choices, and right to sway societal change for themselves. Empowering women is equipping them with utensils they want to have influence and power over their personal lives. Political parties during elections campaigns promise gender equality and women empowerment but these promises remained unfulfilled. It is a pragmatic issue in Pakistan as it ranked approximately at bottom of the Gender Gap Index - 151st out of 153 countries. The 1973 Constitution protects women's rights under various Articles. The study aims to examine women's empowerment in Pakistan from slogans to practices. It will also examine the political manifestos of parties during election campaigns and after occupying political power. The qualitative method with an exploratory approach was adopted to find out the answers to the research questions. No country can develop until half of the population actively participates in state affairs. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and IR, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of History, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/history-of-women-empowerment-in-pakistan-a-study-from-political-slogan-to-practices-1947-to-2008 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Problems Faced by the Families of Patients with Psychological Disorders: A Case of Nishter Hospital Multan Rashina Mehr Shagufta Hamid Ali Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Mental Illness Social Problems Economic Problems Families Family Income Social Isolation Treatment Expenses This research study aimed to describe the socioeconomic problems faced by families of mentally ill patients due to mentally ill member. Case study research design was used to collect and analyze data by using different tools and techniques. 12 case studies were taken from neurology ward of Nishter hospital Multan through purposive sampling. It was found that the families of mentally ill persons considered the causes of mental illness as psychological problems and some of them also considered it as supernatural phenomenon. They firstly relied on Pir baba and other faith healers for mentally ill patients' treatment and then came to hospital after the failure of faith healing in this way they had to face a lot of economic expenses. Because of mental illness the families of mentally ill patients faced social (isolation,stigmatization, time wasting, marriage problem etc.) and economic problems (loss of job, loss of income etc.). Humanity Publications M. Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/problems-faced-by-the-families-of-patients-with-psychological-disorders-a-case-of-nishter-hospital-multan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Role of State Feminism in Reducing Gender Lag: A Study of Pakistan Rafida Nawaz Syed Hussain Murtaza Muqarrab Akbar State Feminism Gender Disparities Pakistan State is considered to be the custodian of rights of vulnerable segments like women. Neo liberal ideology advocates women's participation in the economic arena, yet it resists state role in the economic sphere for protection of the "second" gender. State role for protection of women is equally intolerable for the custodians of tradition. Ideology of state feminism believes that interest articulation for the protection of women must be done on the system/state level. The paper aims to reflect on the state's role in eliminating the prevalent gender lag in the context of cultural and economic lag between regions and classes? The qualitative methodology of "gap analysis" is employed. The study is based on data analysis of Pakistan's performance on Sustainable Development Goals and Global Gender Gap index2021. The core finding of the study is that though the equality/equity between genders is still an imagined reality yet state initiatives are the first steps from baseline. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan Chairman, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-state-feminism-in-reducing-gender-lag-a-study-of-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Familial Aspects of Corruption: An Illustrative Approach Regarding Peshawar, Pakistan Bashir Muhammad Akhtar Ali Muhammad Kaleem Corruption Familial NAB Socialization Corrupt Practices The purpose of this research was to assess the familial aspects of corruption in district Peshawar,Pakistan. A sample size of 320 respondents out of 1872 was selected through a stratified random sampling technique.Gamma and chi-square tests were applied to determine the relationship between the dependent variable (perception of NAB paradigm for curbing corruption) and the independent variable (familial aspects of corruption). The main outcomes of the study were that corruption was breeding in society due to the loose role of the family institution. Moreover,ignorance of ethics in the socialization process, stresses on material gains, becoming rich overnight, not discouraging for corrupt practices, and no punishment for wrongdoers were the primary reasons for the presence of corruption in a society. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Political Science. Bacha Khan University Charsadda, KP, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/familial-aspects-of-corruption-an-illustrative-approach-regarding-peshawar-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Social Attitudinal Differences towards English vs. Punjabi Language: A Study of Middle Class Parents in Faisalabad Mariya Javed Rana Imran Ali Zakia Aslam Attitudinal Differences English vs. Punjabi Middle Parents This paper seeks to investigate the attitudes of globalized middle class parents towards English vs. Punjabi language in Faisalabad. Language is considered as a strong tool and identity marker both at an individual and societal level. Linguistically, Pakistan is a heterogeneous country where bilingualism is a very common phenomenon. However,these languages do not share equal position, prestige, and function. So, the present study aims to identify how parents' attitudes vary from language to language and what are the reasons of this attitudinal shift. The research population for this study includes 20 different families from different locales of Faisalabad, and for data collection, close-ended questionnaire was used. The data was analyzed descriptively using SPSS, and the results were presented in visual and numerical form. The study is important as it highlights the ideological, social, and educational position of Punjabi and the English language in Faisalabad Humanity Publications Lecturer, Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Tutor/Instructor, Faculty of English, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-attitudinal-differences-towards-english-vs-punjabi-language-a-study-of-middle-class-parents-in-faisalabad https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Gender Inequality as a Barrier to Utilization of Services in Mother to Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan Asma Zafar Muhammad Ramzan Ahmed Usman Gender Inequality HIV/AIDS Mother to Child Transmission ART VCCT This study examines gender inequality as a barrier to utilization of services in mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS in Pakistan. The study uses a feminist approach to explore the barriers related to gender inequality during the uptake of HIV treatment. The data was collected from 26 medical practitioners and 10 HIV positive mothers through in-depth interviews. HIV positive mothers were found to have experienced discrimination in their treatment, difficulty in traveling from far off areas to the special clinics, and they expressed having the least family support as HIV patients.They also experienced inequality in terms of the use of ARV prophylaxis, autonomy in reproductive choices, sexual priorities, disclosure, stigma, agency and intimate partner violence. Furthermore, they emphasized the need for sensitization and counseling of male spouses. The study concludes that the gender inequality grossly affects the uptake of HIV treatment among HIV positive mothers. It is thus recommended that there is a need to incorporate gender inclusive policy and practice to eliminate the vertical transmission of HIV in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gender-inequality-as-a-barrier-to-utilization-of-services-in-mother-to-child-transmission-of-hivaids-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Development of Creativity among Elementary Level Students of Low Socio-Economic Background through Guided Inquiry: An Empirical Evidence from Islamabad Pakistan Sher Muhammad Awan Wajiha Kanwal Arshad Mahmood Qamar Creative Thinking Fluency of Ideas in Creative Thinking Originality of Ideas in Creative Thinking Low Socio-economic background Science Classroom Guided Inquiry Elementary Level Major aim was to determine the effect of guided inquiry on fluency and originality of ideas in creative thinking.The study was quasi-experimental. "Convenience" sampling technique was used. The sample size was 60. The experiment was performed in an elementary school in Islamabad. The scoring rubrics were used to analyze creative thinking in terms of fluency and originality. The scores of tests of the experimental group and control group were compared by t-test. There was a significant difference in the performance of the control group and the experimental group. Guided inquiry is recommended for the teaching of creativity in terms of originality and fluency. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Faulty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hamdard University Karachi, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (Education), University of Wah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer (Science Education), Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/development-of-creativity-among-elementary-level-students-of-low-socioeconomic-background-through-guided-inquiry-an-empirical-evidence-from-islamabad-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Effect of Personal-Networking and Social Exclusion on Social Well- Being among Transgenders Muhammad Faisal Majeed Farhan Navid Yousaf Personal Networking Transgender Social Exclusion Social Wellbeing Policies Social Networking The present research was aimed to find the association between personal networking, social exclusion,and social well being among transgenders. Under the quantitative approach of study, the correlational design of there search was employed to evaluate the affiliation amid personal networking and social well being. Systematic sampling techniques and strategy were used to collect data of 350 transgender people having age ranges (18-60) years from four different zones of Lahore, the capital city of Punjab province, in Pakistan. Sample size, inclusion, and exclusion characteristics were considered while selecting a sample of the study. De Jong Gierveld Scale for social well being was used to measure various attributes of the social circle. A merged scale of Russel for loneliness, personal networking,and Lubben Social Networking scale was used to measure the personal networking of Transgender. The prejudice social exclusion scale was used to measure experiences of social exclusion from their own families and society/public by the Transgender. All three scales had excellent reliability and validity. Results will be implemented to interventional plans to increase social acceptance and contributions of Transgender towards society to increase their set-worth and confidence. Humanity Publications Department of Sociology, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies University of Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Sociology, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies University of Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. 2021-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-personalnetworking-and-social-exclusion-on-social-well-being-among-transgenders https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393029 2022-03-30 gsr

An Opinion Survey about Public Perception Regarding Transgender People in Pakistan Abid Mehmood Ansari Bushra Yasmeen Transgender LGBT Queer Public Perception Mental Illness Pakistan The present study strived to explore the existing beliefs and perceptions of public regarding transgender people in Pakistani society. The major objectives of this study were to explore the perception of the general public about transgender and how they differentiate among men, women, and transgender people. The present study was quantitative survey research. By using simple random, 50 respondents were interviewed,followed by an interview schedule. The gathered data were processed and analyzed in descriptive manners. The study revealed that (100 Percent) of the respondents were familiar with transgender people as (82 Percent) met transgender in the street/roadside while beggaring. The present study also revealed that (78 Percent) of respondents perceived transgender as an in-between creature as they differentiated that transgender is male persons who adopted this disguise for attaining sexual attractions by other male persons/purposes (60 Percent). It was also suggested that transgender should be given education, healthcare, and employment opportunities (100 Percent). Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Social Work, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan School of Sociology, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-opinion-survey-about-public-perception-regarding-transgender-people-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Roles and Responsibilities of Urban Planners to Address the Issues of Built-up areas in Pakistan Minahil Nawaz Zaira Tahir Planning Built Environment Decision Making Planning Practices Town planning is defined as the art and science of ordering the use of land and the character and siting of buildings and communication routes so as to secure the maximum practicable degree of economy,convenience, health and beauty. So is the role of urban planners to manage and maintain this for the sustainability of the cities. They look for the present conditions of their surroundings and work to improve them and add new additions if required. But Unfortunately, lately, Pakistan lack planners in their said roles and responsibilities. The planners are not consulted before most of the urban development projects, thereby ignoring and not coordinating with various planning departments, the decisions of the government will become nothing but a blot on the future of already blighted cities. Hence there is a dire need to empower the planning profession in order to improve the urban contexts of our country. Sharing the field knowledge via hands-on workshops is a solution to better engage planners and help policymakers to internalize the findings. The Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of Management and Technology have gathered planners from all over Pakistan and asked for major planning issues and their subsequent suggestions to resolve these issues. Highlighted in the workshop, most of the core problems are related to housing, transportation, and sustainable development. The paper is basically to channel the findings of a workshop aiming at fostering discussions on urban issues among the professionals who're the ultimate stakeholders. Focusing on a multidimensional urban phenomenon, the paper aims to deepen the understanding of contemporary urban issues in Pakistan, leading toward the solutions to be adopted by government officials to advance progress and sustainability ultimately Humanity Publications University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/roles-and-responsibilities-of-urban-planners-to-address-the-issues-of-builtup-areas-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Harmony and Governance: A Case Study of Muslim States Muhammad Imran Pasha Sobia Riaz Anum Riaz Social Harmony Governance Religion Nation Building State Society In developing political systems, the nature of conflict is far different from the developed ones. The type of conflict is also dependent on the composition of society; in heterogeneous communities, the nature of conflict is more complex and deeply rooted. In these societies, conflicts can impact the governance of the state and its format. These conflicts can be overcome through nation-building and by the engagement of people in specific ideologies. In the case of ideological affiliations, religion is the dominant factor that can engage and dominate other ethnology-lingual and social differences. In Muslim countries, effective governance can be achieved by promoting social harmony. This paper investigates the role of religion in promoting social harmony and its implications for governance. Its role in creating a unified society based on social harmony, equality, and political and economic justice. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-harmony-and-governance-a-case-study-of-muslim-states https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Identification of Stress Management Techniques Used by Teachers in Secondary School Teachers in District Lahore Iram Naeem Muhammad Aamir Hashmi Stress Emotional Manifestation Job Satisfaction BurnOut The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if teachers in secondary level schools from high and upper secondary schools in the district of Lahore were employing stress management approaches.Secondary schools teachers were the research subjects. Three hundred seventy-one teachers in secondary schools were engaged using a simple random sampling method for data collection. An adopted and structured questionnaire comprised of statements about various stress management strategies was used. The responses of teachers were gathered using a five-point Liker t-type scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.The mean and standard deviation were calculated to find results. On the basis of findings most commonly used strategies were: praying, sharing stress with family, friends, and elders, putting everything in Allah's hands,watching television, and resting. The least used strategies were exercising, going to a psychologist and taking medicine, weeping, and shopping. Several recommendations were made in light of the findings. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Superior University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/identification-of-stress-management-techniques-used-by-teachers-in-secondary-school-teachers-in-district-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Perceptions of Teachers about Effects of Sexual Harassment on Academic Performance of Students with Hearing Impairment Muhammad Javed Aftab Sayyeda Rabia Basri Muhammad Qasim Sexual Harassment Academic Performance Hearing Impairment When it comes to sexual harassment, it is defined as any sort of sexual harassment or manipulation and the unwelcome or improper offering of monetary remuneration in return for sexual favors. The impacts of sexual harassment on the students' academic performance with hearing impairment were explored in this study, which looked at teachers' impressions of the consequences. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to investigate special education teachers' impressions of the incidence of sexual harassment and the consequences of such harassment on the performance of students with hearing impairment. The data for this study was gathered through the use of a questionnaire. Several types of statistics were employed to address the study questions,including descriptive and inferential statistics. According to the findings of the data analysis, sexual harassment is a frequent practice in special academic institutions for children with hearing impairments, and sexual harassment has a negative impact on the academic performance of students with hearing impairments. Humanity Publications Lecturer/ Coordinator, Department of Special Education (DOE), University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Special Education, University of Education, Lahore, Lower Mall Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Education Scholar, Department of Education, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perceptions-of-teachers-about-effects-of-sexual-harassment-on-academic-performance-of-students-with-hearing-impairment https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Insight of Harassment in University Premises Sara Rubab Aneela Sultana Academia Harassment Physical Harassment Student-teacher Relationship Verbal Harassment The article is designed to understand the current situation of multiple types of harassment, perceptions,and experiences of students at the university level. This research aims to analyze the consciousness level of students regarding sexual harassment protection bills and policies and to grasp the spectrum of coping strategies that students use to combat harassment by their mentors. Furthermore, supporting factors that worsen the situation of harassment and the aftermaths of this behavior are also studied. Under the study, qualitative research methods i.e., focus groups and in-depth interviews, are applied. Using an interview guide, thirty interviews were conducted while keeping the privacy of respondents in mind. This research reflected that there are many grey areas where we need to pay attention, especially in educating students to combat harassment. Giving education and training is not utterly satisfying. Modern times require bold attitudes and actions against sexual harassment on university premises. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-insight-of-harassment-in-university-premises https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Sectarianism and Its Impacts on Social Tolerance: A Case Study of University Students of South Punjab Kamran Fiaz Ahsan Riaz Muqarrab Akbar Shia-Sunni Rivalry Social Tolerance Muslim World Politics Regional Politics Pakistani Youth Family Ties Social Connections 1979 unveiled political events of the Iranian Revolution, the siege of Mecca, and the Afghan war that entirely shaped the political dynamics of the Muslim world, including the struggle for regional influence between Saudi Arabia and Iran. Issues like sectarianism, insurgency, humanitarian crisis, violation of women's rights, and uprisings in different parts of the Muslim world ensued. The paper is an attempt to understand the radical legacy of 1979: its impact on social tolerance and the sectarian rift between Shias and Sunnis in Pakistan. The data was collected through questionnaires from the students of public and private sector universities of South Punjab in Pakistan. A quantitative analysis of the data gauged the students' tolerance for the opposite sect and their perception of external influences on the sectarian divide in the country. The study revealed that students in the universities of Southern Punjab are not generally hostile to their out-of-sect social connections. It is recommended that students be made aware of issues like sectarianism in Pakistan and the role of regional politics to prevent them from falling prey to extremism. Humanity Publications PhD Student, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Chairman, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sectarianism-and-its-impacts-on-social-tolerance-a-case-study-of-university-students-of-south-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Elite Official Sources and the Coverage of the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Dawn and The News Madeeha Naz Amir Hamza Marwan Ayesha Anwar Elite Sources Dominance Dawn The News COVID-19 Pandemic This research study investigates the coverage of Dawn and The News during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to understand whom they relied on most to share the story of the COVID-19 pandemic with their readers. Sources cited or quoted in the news stories play a significant role in emphasizing the particular aspect of the coverage. The researchers studied the selected newspapers' news coverage for one month, from March 13, 2020, to April 13, 2020. The findings, based on the content analysis, reveal that both the selected mainstream newspapers relied more on the elite official sources to share the story of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic - by sidelining the general public, health experts and victims of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the newspapers failed to reflect on the issue through people's, victims, and health experts' voices. Thus, they faced failure to observe the diversity and investigative line in coverage. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Email: hamzamarwan@uop.edu.pk (Corresponding Author) Lecturer, College of Home Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/elite-official-sources-and-the-coverage-of-the-first-wave-of-covid19-pandemic-a-case-study-of-dawn-and-the-news https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Empowerment of Rural Women at Household Level in District Nankana Sahib Farkhanda Anjum Raheel Fatima Kanwal Asghar Awan Women Empowerment Decision Making autonomy Household Management Women Education Property Rights Physical mobility Gender Discrimination Health facilities. This quantitative research was conducted in District Nankana Sahib. The size of the sample was 150 Female respondents. A convenient sampling technique was used for the assortment of the respondents. The questionnaire was used as a tool. The results revealed that the empowerment level of rural women in the household is low in district Nankana Sahib. Women are facing a lot of problems that create the main hurdle in the empowerment status of rural women. The result showed that 46.7 percent of women were illiterate and 26.7 percent of women had a primary level of education, 75.3 percent of women had no right to get a share in the inheritance property,only 39.3percent of women took decisions for the selection of their children spouse, 68.7percent women were monitoring child rearing activities, 54.0percent women were not taking decisions about disposable income for expenses. There is a highly positive association between age and decision-making autonomy, income and decision-making autonomy, and education and decision-making. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/empowerment-of-rural-women-at-household-level-in-district-nankana-sahib https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Working Girls' Education and Life Goals: A Multiple Case Study of Mothers' Perspectives Gouhar Pirzada Yaar Muhammad Aisha Mahmood Education Mothers Perspectives Out of School Children Workers Work-life Poverty and illiteracy are two major socio-economic issues plaguing Pakistan's growth. Despite many efforts, getting an education for working children has always been a tough task. Children who have mastered that skill manage their professions, phase, and lives efficiently. It is necessary to comprehend the perspectives of the mothers of working girls in order to understand how and to what degree these characteristics influence their schooling and aspirations in life. This multiple case study also aids in showcasing the issues along with identifying comparable and disparate trends among those five cases. The research findings clearly highlight that there is a strong dedication to education, with four out of five instances stating that they have a good chance of achieving their objectives. Besides various hardships and financial problems, parents are willing to support their daughters' education and understand that education can help their girls achieve a bright future. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Lincoln University College, Malaysia Assistant Professor, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of STEM Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/working-girls-education-and-life-goals-a-multiple-case-study-of-mothers-perspectives https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Sociodemographics of Formal and Informal Sector Women Workers of Pakistan and a Comparison of their Perceived and Practiced Autonomy Amna Maryam Sara Rizvi Jafree Autonomy Formal sector Informal sector Pakistan Working Women The majority of Pakistani women are employed in the informal sector of the economy, devoid of protection, safety, and employment benefits, which prevents them from having autonomy. In this study, we aimed to identify (i) the differences in socio-demographic characteristics of formal versus informal sector women workers and (ii) compare the perceived and practised autonomy between the two groups. We used a convenience sample of 150 women, half each from the informal and formal sectors of the economy, specifically the teaching sector. We were able to find through mean analysis that women from the informal sector have higher autonomy. We also found that informal sector women workers in the country are impoverished, illiterate, non-Muslims, living in underdeveloped areas, and have no property ownership. There is a critical need to support policy for transfer to formal sector employment and to develop interventions to improve autonomy in working women. Humanity Publications Research Assistant, Master's student Clinical Psychology (Fulbright Scholar) Columbia University, USA PhD Sociology, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sociodemographics-of-formal-and-informal-sector-women-workers-of-pakistan-and-a-comparison-of-their-perceived-and-practiced-autonomy https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Dystopic Simulacra, Virtual Identities and Cultural Implosion in Shteyngart's Super Sad True Love Story Muhammad Mahmood Ahmad Shaheen Sohail Ahmad Saeed Ahmad Naeem Acronyms Body Cognitive Mapping Consumerism Cultural Implosion Depthlessness Dystopic Language Postmodernity Simulacra Subjectivity This paper offers a critique of contemporary media culture, virtual identities, and simulacra in the implosion of cultural and human values. The contemporary culture is characterized by media and virtual reality,which reduces the traditional concept of human interaction, language, and culture. The paper interprets Garry Shteyngart's Super Sad True Love Story in the light of Jameson, Baudrillard and Nicol's concepts of simulacra and media culture. Shteyngart's novel takes the dystopic view of a consumer society where human lives are subject to social media feeds, and human subjectivity is nothing more than an algorithm of credit and ranking. In this dystopic situation, Jameson's aesthetic of cognitive mapping can help to make sense of one's subjectivity and orientation in the culture of simulation and implosion. This paper claims that dystopic simulacra produce virtual identities at the cost of human subjectivity and language, which causes cultural and social implosion. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Sadiq Egerton Graduate College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature Gomal University, D.I.Khan, KP, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/dystopic-simulacra-virtual-identities-and-cultural-implosion-in-shteyngarts-super-sad-true-love-story https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Patient Satisfaction Relative to Rural Population Trends in AJK, Pakistan Abdul Razzaq Khan Basic Health Facilities Patient Satisfaction Demographic Characteristic Commercialization of Healthcare The present study was conducted in rural areas of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). New Basic Health Units (BHU) was introduced for primary health care that was ruined completely in the Earthquake of 2005. The study focused on measuring the satisfaction of patients from these new BHUs in rural areas of AJK. Furthermore,the study compares patient satisfaction across different demographic factors. The satisfaction was measured by the standard scale Key Quality Characteristics for Assessment of Hospitals (KQCAH). Measured patient satisfaction was compared across gender and marital status using independent samples t-test and correlation. The study showed that female patients were less satisfied than male patients. Being housewives, they utilize near by health services more than males. Patients of higher age were more satisfied than of lower age, while more educated people were less satisfied than educated ones. Single patients were less satisfied than married ones.Hence, there is needed to fulfill the needs of the population, considering their different demographic characteristics. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/patient-satisfaction-relative-to-rural-population-trends-in-ajk-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Potential of Islamic Tourism in District Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan: A Case Study of Naukot Monument Attributed to Sayyid Ali Hamadani Abdul Hameed Anas Mahmud Arif Adnan Anwar Islamic Heritage Mansehra Central Asia Tourism Pilgrimage Mansehra, one of the most important districts of Hazara Division, is generally known for its natural landscape and pleasant weather that attract thousands of visitors from across the country and abroad every year.Its geographic location adds more value to its potential as a tourist destination. Located on the ancient and modern trade routes, Mansehra has been receiving and transmitting cultural flow from muti directions since early historical times. With the results, the region has witnessed the emergence, development and fall of various religious moments, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and Christianity. Material evidence of these religious practices can still be noticed in the form of stupas, temples, mosques, shrines, Gurudu waras and churches. The present paper is an attempt to highlight the historical and religious significance of the Muslim period sites with special reference to the Naukot monument and its potential for pilgrimage tourism. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/potential-of-islamic-tourism-in-district-mansehra-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan-a-case-study-of-naukot-monument-attributed-to-sayyid-ali-hamadani https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Cyber Stalking: Sociological and Psychological Perspective Zainab Bibi Ambreen Abbasi Cyber Freedom Information Internet Stalking Cyber stalking is the intimidation or threat to cause distress by blackmailing through internet.Cyber stalking is considered to be a threat to the right to privacy while abusing freedom of information. To discuss the subject issue author has used empirical study methodology. The first part provides an explanation of cyber-stalking in detail while discussing its factors, classification and impacts. In the second part, while discussing the impacts of cyber-stalking, then further discussion provides glimpses of sociological and psychological perspectives and causes of cyber-stalking. Finally, the discussion concluded with recommendations intended to provide a way forward for future research. Humanity Publications Management Training Officer (MTO), Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA). Assistant Professor, Faculty of Shariah and Law, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/cyber-stalking-sociological-and-psychological-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Socio-economic Impact of Diamer Basha Dam Development on Thore Colony Dislocated Families Umair Ahmed Farhana Mazhar Resettlements Socio-Economic Affectees Families Values The present research was focused on the "Social and economic impact of Diamer Basha Dam OfficerColony Development on Dislocated Families". The total population was "131 Affectees Families", those familieswho were affected by the "Land Acquisition of WAPDA Officer Colony". The total sample was 99 participantsand used a random sampling technique. The researcher developed a "Structured Questionnaire" and adopted aDescriptive Exploratory Design. The interview was conducted with "25" affectees' families members, and theresearcher used SPSS and used "Chi-Square Test" the study shows that 'There is no statistically significanteffect of the social-economic situation of Diamer Basha Dam officer colony Development on Displaced people.The findings stated that the affected families were taking the compensated money for property "up to 98%"& for structure 99%” although for other cases takes “49.5%” compensation received by the displaced people. The whole research stated that the satisfaction ratio related to the "Post Project” condition was “92.9%” fully satisfied. But still, a mostly ratio of persons was fully “ Unsatisfied” by this compensation. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/socioeconomic-impact-of-diamer-basha-dam-development-on-thore-colony-dislocated-families https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Levelling Hard Pitch of Work-Family Conflict During Pandemic: Lived Experience of Female Nurses Noreen Saher Tayyaba Khalid Hadiba Kanwal Nurses Pandemic Work-family Conflict Survival Strategies Personal Attributes Contextualizing Pakistan This paper aims to explore the notion of work-family conflict (WFC) among female nurses during the pandemic of COVID as they were standing at the front line to combat this havoc. Health care is a challenging field, and medical professionals, especially female nurses, experience this phenomenon on a daily basis. A reasonable amount of scholarship is available on this topic. How-ever, research focusing on contextualizing work-family conflict during COVID-19 is a missed clue between practice and research. Considering this lacuna, this research paper has exclusively focused on the lived experience of married (with kids) female nurses and the strategies they employed to survive in the religion-culturally defined patriarchal environment of Pakistan. In line,this paper contributes to the intellectual discourse with a context-specific insider's view of female nurses.Research implications and future research direction will also be given in this paper. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Lecturer, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, GIFT University, Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/levelling-hard-pitch-of-workfamily-conflict-during-pandemic-lived-experience-of-female-nurses https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Urban Green Spaces; Strategic Design Proposal for Conservation: the Case Study of Hyderabad City (Provide Future Development Control Guidelines) Hina Marvi Rabia Khaskheli Mehnaz Soomro Green Open Spaces Planning Deficient Future Development Hyderabad This research intended to highlight the urban green open spaces for public use in Hyderabad city, which may already face intensive development and planning deficiencies, mainly the ignorance of the governing authorities. Consistent ignorance of urban green spaces may cause various issues within the city and directly affect the health and performance of the inhabitants of the metropolis. To achieve the task SPSS and GIS software are used to manipulate data gathered from the users as well as the municipal authorities. This research with help highlight the problems and focus to provide a future development plan that may enhance city aesthetics and the overall environment. Humanity Publications Department of Architecture and Planning, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Architecture and Planning, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Architecture and Planning, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/urban-green-spaces-strategic-design-proposal-for-conservation-the-case-study-of-hyderabad-city-provide-future-development-control-guidelines https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Use Of Contraception Among Married Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Zatoon Bibi Hussain Ali Ahmed Ali Use of Family Planning Methods Use of Contraception Married Women Islamic Interpretation Mardan In Pakistan, rapid population growth and the non-use of contraception is a social problem. The present study focused on social, religious, and cultural factors that influence the use of contraception in the country,especially in study district Mardan In the present study, researchers used a quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional research design. In the study, a multistage sampling technique was used, and through a simple random sampling technique, 384 married women aged 15-49 years were selected from Mardan. The study applied descriptive and inferential statistics to draw a linear relationship. The major statistical result shows that Mullas (Islamic religious leaders) discouraged modern contraception use with OR 5.381, CI 2.423-11.950. It is concluded that Islam influences the use of contraception. It is recommended that religious leaders should be actively involved in family planning programs in Pakistan. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/use-of-contraception-among-married-women-a-crosssectional-study-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Blue Dust as a Conflict Narrative Ayesha Jan Farooq Shah Saddam Ul Islam Class Consciousness Society Conflicts When society is divided, based on social class, conflicts arise within society. People have person vs.person conflict, and they cannot have a proper relationship with other members of their society. Due to issues with other members, they cannot move forward and become alienated through the self-imaginative world. Such self-centeredness gives rise to person vs. self-conflict. People suffer mentally, physically, and psychologically.They always question their existence and are confused about life. They try to find an escape in different illusions.The solution lies in humanity. People must be treated on a human basis, then, people will live a happy life. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer in English Literature, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/blue-dust-as-a-conflict-narrative https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Psycho-Social Impact of Covid-19 on Healthcare Workers of Gujranwala Anam Shafquat Aujla Madieha Akram Shadab Iqbal Covid-19 Psychosocial Healthcare workers Gujranwala Covid-19 has a severe impact on healthcare workers. It occurred as the result of consistent workload stress and anxiety. It is linked with professional performance and it may lead to professional satisfaction. The present research was conducted to find out the impact of Covid-19 on healthcare workers of Gujranwala. The qualitative research method was used as a method of inquiry. The purposive sampling technique was used for the data collection. The target population was the healthcare workers of Government hospitals of Gujranwala. Two hospitals were selected through a simple random sampling technique, WAPDA town hospital and District headquarters Gujranwala. The drawn sample size was 18 healthcare workers. The qualitative data was analyzed through thematic analysis. The research concluded that healthcare workers were using face masks, antibiotics and aseptic techniques to deal with the patients with Covid-19. They said that they tried to manage their personal and professional lives. It was suggested that Government should provide safety kits, masks and other safety materials to them on time and also spread awareness to the public about the important role of healthcare workers. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, School of Sociology, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, The Women University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, School of Sociology, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/psychosocial-impact-of-covid19-on-healthcare-workers-of-gujranwala https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Construction of Femininity and Consumer Culture in American Women's Magazines: A Qualitative Study about Good Housekeeping Guifang Liu Muhammad Abid Malik American Culture American Women's Magazines Content Analysis Femininity Gender Studies Good Housekeeping Good housekeeping is one of the mainstream American women's magazines. Targeting primarily the middle-class married women, it gives guidance and suggestions on beautifying appearance, latest fashions,housekeeping, cooking, and child-rearing. Using 24 issues of Good Housekeeping published in 2016-2017, this study explores what kind of femininity is constructed in this magazine. The study uses thematic analysis and interpretive textual analysis as the key methodologies. Furthermore, it explores the overlapping relationships between the magazine, femininity, and consumer culture. The article finds that femininity constructed in those two years of Good Housekeeping tends to be conservative, which is idealized and perfected in the magazine.The magazine has maintained its long-established and conservative style. It is established on a commercialized base and advocates that ideal femininity is to be gained through "purchasing." The conservative femininity constructed by the magazine is under the manipulation of modern patriarchy and consumerism. Humanity Publications Beijing International Studies University, Beijing, China Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/construction-of-femininity-and-consumer-culture-in-american-womens-magazines-a-qualitative-study-about-good-housekeeping https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Influence of Instagram on the Lifestyle of Female Youth: A Case Study of UMT Zoha Naeem Tanveer Hussain Influence Lifestyle Female Youth Instagram University Education In this study, the researcher wanted to find out the influence of Instagram on the lifestyle of female youth and was interested to know about the perspectives of youth. The researcher used a questionnaire as a tool for data collection. Same as convenient available sampling method used to select Sample. The sample size remained 203, in which; 71.9 percent of participants agreed that girls idealize Instagram life and 62.5 percent called it a threat to social values and norms while 54.2 percent of participants disagreed with feelings of depression after watching the lifestyle content of others. Data supported the concept of uses and gratification theory, which is used as the theoretical framework. Findings showed that the females are adopting a lifestyle inspired by Instagram content which also effecting social norms and values but on other side, it is also helping in developing modern ways of living styles and the influence is on those who are seeking it. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-influence-of-instagram-on-the-lifestyle-of-female-youth-a-case-study-of-umt https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Development of Social Media Applications as a New Platform of Interaction among Teenagers and its Consequences on Family Bonding Abdul Rehman Qaisar Muhammad Ashraf Wani Muhammad Sher Juni New Media Applications Teenagers' Interaction Patterns Social Media and Family Bondings Facebook Family WhatsApp Communication The current research is aimed at exploring the "Development of SNS as a New Platform of InteractionAmong Teenagers and its Consequences on Family Bonding." Data was collected from the teenage students ofcolleges and Schools. The present research is a survey-based study using Media Dependency and Uses andGratification as its theoretical foundation keeping in view the major concepts. A sample of 400 respondents isselected using the purposive sampling technique. The main social interaction patterns are Audio Chat, Gif,Messages, and Video Chat. The analysis of findings reveals that WhatsApp more affects teenagers' socialinteraction patterns (68 percent). It is observed from the findings that Facebook more frequently affects teenagers'bonding with Friends (61 percent). A correlation test is applied in this study. The study's findings supported a positiverelationship between the frequency of use of social media and the effects on social interaction patterns ofteenagers in terms of communication, interaction, gathering and socialization. Social media has significantlyaffected youngsters in building bonding's with friends as more sharing of feelings takes place with friends overdistance instead of families. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Communication and Media Studies, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor (Visiting), Department of Media and Communication Studies, Women university Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor (Visiting), Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/development-of-social-media-applications-as-a-new-platform-of-interaction-among-teenagers-and-its-consequences-on-family-bonding https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Relationship between Working Environment and Teachers Performance: An Empirical Study Muhammad Anwar Tariq Mahmood Khan Muhammad Naveed Jabbar Working Environment Teachers Performance Secondary Level The major objective of this study was to determine the effect of the working environment on teachers performance of teaching faculty. This study was quantitative and based on a cross-sectional research design. In this study, the working environment was used as an independent variable, while the teachers' job performance was treated as a dependent variable. The population of the study was public secondary school teachers in Sheikhupura, while 234 respondents were selected as a sample through a simple random sampling technique.The self-administered questionnaire was adapted based on five points Liker scale format. The data were collected by research tool through a survey method. The Statistical Package for Social Science was administered to analyze the research hypothesis. The study's findings revealed a positive and significant correlation between the working environment and job performance. Moreover, the working environment had a positive and moderate effect on teachers' job performance. The study is beneficial for developing the teaching-learning process at the secondary school level by adapting the various innovative techniques. Humanity Publications M. Phil Scholar Education, Leadership and Management, Superior University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Professor, IER University of the Punjab Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Head of the Department of Education, NCBA and E Lahore. Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-working-environment-and-teachers-performance-an-empirical-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Critical Visual Analysis of Graffiti on Public Transportation in Punjabi, Pakistani Culture Taiyyiba Bibi Anam Shahid Humaira Yaqub Graffiti Punjabi Pakistani Culture Public Transportation Graffiti is a very strong way of expressing, resisting, promoting, criticizing, and catharsis. As a tool of expression, this can be used to raise socio-economic issues existing around us. This study reveals the importance of graffiti as a tool for expressing the significant issues of our society, specifically those in Pakistani Punjab. This paper collected a total of 16 images, further divided into two parts; the first part contains all images to reveal the very nature of graffiti as a tool to protest, criticise, and complain against social inequalities and social issues. On the other hand, the second sphere of collected images contains those images which are an expressive form of promoting gender stereotypes, racism, class conflict, and so on. Hence one can see how beautifully graffiti is working on both types as a tool of resistance and also as a medium of promotion. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Candidate, Department of Applied Linguistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-critical-visual-analysis-of-graffiti-on-public-transportation-in-punjabi-pakistani-culture https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Coverage of Health News in the English-Language Newspapers of Pakistan: A Case Study of Dawn and The News Muhammad Adnan Amir Hamza Marwan Mussarat Anwar Health News Media Coverage Dawn The News Pakistan This research study investigates health news coverage in the two mainstream English-language newspapers of Pakistan - Dawn and The News - to understand how they covered it. The researchers have focused on the frequency of published news stories, contributors of the news items; nature of coverage;contextualization and use of jargon in the published stories. The researchers applied the Quantitative Content Analysis to answer all the outstanding inquiries of this research project. Based on the data collected in February2019, the researchers found that both the newspapers played down the health-related coverage in their pages -besides relying on the same contributors to report it. The findings revealed that The News needs to bring more diversity in its coverage of different issues related to health, while Dawn needs to work on the language - by avoiding jargon. The Gatekeeping Theory guides the findings. Humanity Publications MA Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Journalism % Mass Communication, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Associate Professor, College of Home Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/coverage-of-health-news-in-the-englishlanguage-newspapers-of-pakistan-a-case-study-of-dawn-and-the-news https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Citizenship Characteristics and its Education at University Campuses: A Viewpoint of University Students Zia Ur Rehman Sadia Naz Citizenship Education Students Views Civic Characteristics Civic Development Role of Universities. Civic education is an imperative as well as a fundamental tool for developing human and social capital around the world. Many institutes are offering civic education, and numerous studies have been conducted in the international context. Still, citizenship education in higher education in Pakistan has been the least researched area, and henceforth it has not been explored how university students rate themselves regarding knowledge and preparation of nationality; and in what way universities propose programs to inculcate civic attributes among graduates. Therefore, to investigate this problem, the current study was conducted with the objectives; of exploring students' views about the characteristics of good citizenship; to examine the role of universities in developing citizenship. Four focus groups from four universities, i.e. one focus group from each university/each focus group consisting of 9 respondents, were taken as the sample of the study. Data was collected by using a semi-structured interview protocol (i.e. a focus group questionnaire) and analyzed by thematic analysis. Findings exposed that the respondents were significantly in favor of improving social responsibility, civic skills,morality/honesty/courtesy, broad mindedness, civic participation, accountability/critical thinking,patriotism/obedience, and reliability (promise-keeping). The group's discussion indicated mixed ideas about the role of universities in developing and maintaining citizenship services at university campuses. Humanity Publications Department of Education, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Department of Islamic & Religious Studies, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/citizenship-characteristics-and-its-education-at-university-campuses-a-viewpoint-of-university-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Occupational Stress Resilience among University Teachers and their Work Performance Maria Hameed Rabia Hameed Ghazanafar Hussain Occupational Stress Resilience Job Performance University Teachers This study attempts to test the relationship between professional stress tolerance and the productivity of university professors. The evaluation criteria used in this study are 1. Work Stress Questionnaire (JSQ) of Tores, (1988), 2. Work Resilience Questionnaire (WRQ) of Winwood et al., (2013) and, 3. Work Performance Questionnaire (WPQ) of Koopmans, (2014). The regression analysis has been applied to predict the relationship among the research variables of this study. In addition, the t-test is also used to analyze the gender-based differences and differences in work stress and work resilience of university academicians. The results depicted at female university teachers faced more work stress compared to male university teachers, and male university teachers had a higher mean score regarding work resilience than female university teachers. Furthermore,obtained the results of the research explained that level of flexibility and supposed work efficiency are positively correlated. The significant prognosticator of work performance was occupational stress resilience. However,work performance was not predicted by work stress. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Associate, Department of Gender Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Gender Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/occupational-stress-resilience-among-university-teachers-and-their-work-performance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Budding Marriage, Life Satisfaction and Quality of Life among Female Students in Sialkot Salbia Abbas Ayesha Malik Maria Rafique Life Satisfaction Budding Marriage Quality of Life Linear Regression Current research explored a relationship between budding marriages, life satisfaction and quality of life among female students in Sialkot. This study investigates the impact of early marriage on the rural population in Pakistan. For this purpose sample was comprised of (N=180) under the age of 18 years female in Sialkot. Data was collected over the period of 6 months by the administration of three assessment tools. Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) to assess the life satisfaction of females, the WHO Quality of life scale (QOLS) to assess quality oflife and the Couple satisfaction index (CSI) to measure satisfaction with the partner. The result indicates that there is a significant difference (sig=.000) among variables which explores that budding marriages have a significant impact on life satisfaction and quality of life among female students. To conclude, Current research has approved that budding marriages have a high impact on life satisfaction and quality of life among married female students. Humanity Publications Department of Psychology, Government College Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of Applied Psychology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Department of Applied Psychology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/budding-marriage-life-satisfaction-and-quality-of-life-among-female-students-in-sialkot https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences Mariam Naz Yaar Muhammad Aisha Mahmood Teacher's stress Burnout Students behavior Classroom management Elite school This study explored the beliefs of elite school teachers concerning the effect of students' behavior on teachers' stress and burnout in an elite school. It also aimed to find out the perceptions of elite school teachers about organizational climate inducing teachers' stress and burnout. This study used an interpretive phenomenological research design to get an insight into the lived experiences of stress and burnout elite schoolteachers face. A criterion sampling technique was used to select a sample of fifteen teachers employed in an elite school in Lahore. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to get a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of elite school teachers. The thematic cross-case analysis revealed that most teachers experience-work stress and burnout. Some of the major stressors for teachers were administrative conflicts, collegial issues,excessive workload, lack of appreciation, and organizational environment. Students' disruptive behavior is the most significant predictor of teacher stress and exhaustion. It has been concluded that teachers need to have a properly articulated policy that could possibly protect their rights. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of STEM Education, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/stress-and-burnout-an-interpretive-phenomenological-analysis-of-elite-school-teachers-beliefs-and-experiences https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Female Primary School Teachers Problems in 21st Century: A Case of Southern Punjab Navid Jamil Malik Namra Munir Muhammad Asif Shahzad Female Teachers Teachers Problems 21st Century The 21st century revolutionized primary education across the globe in terms of universal primary education (UPE) and education for all (EFL), but in 3rd world countries, primary school teachers, especially female primary school teachers, are facing a lot of problems. The current study focused on the female primary school teachers' problems in the 21st century and set an objective of the study to find out the problems of female teachers working at primary schools. The sample of the study consists of female primary school teachers (270) through a simple random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool, and statistical techniques of frequency and means scores were calculated. The study concluded that the administrative behavioral issues create problems for female primary school teachers as the rigid behavior of the head mistress and lack of discipline and management at primary schools. The study may recommend leadership and management trainings for headmistresses. Humanity Publications Chairman, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/female-primary-school-teachers-problems-in-21st-century-a-case-of-southern-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Performance Incentives on Desire for Money and Materialism Amina Qazi Salma Andleeb Sara Ali Performance Incentives Desire for Money Materialism This study indicates that the performance incentives increase individuals' desire for money and inculcate materialism in individuals' expose to them. Sales agents from different companies were taken as a sample, where half of the agents were getting fixed pay and half were getting Performance-based pay. The required data was collected through survey questionnaires. Two scales, i.e., material values scale and desire for money, were used to collect the data. Analysis was done applying linear regression analysis. The results showed that the desire for money and materialism increases in individuals through the administration of performance incentives. Next, the two groups of sales agents were compared, which showed a greater desire for money and materialism in performance-based sales persons as compared to individuals who were getting fixed pay. Humanity Publications Department of Psychology, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan Department of Psychology, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-performance-incentives-on-desire-for-money-and-materialism https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Analysis of the Participants Disagreement Strategies in Computer- mediated Intercultural Communication (CMIC) Muhammad Ishtiaq Nasim Gul Sahibzada Wasim Iqbal CMC Disagreement Strategies Multicultural Classrooms Pragmalinguistics This study explores disagreement strategies in the context of a multicultural Computer-mediated-classroom (CMC) with English as a medium of instruction and communication. It studies how disagreement strategies are influenced by the participants' own cultural pragmatic rules and pose problems for others to follow them as intended. The speech acts of strong and mitigated disagreement are analyzed in detail, with different participants employing different strategies as adopted from their respective cultures. CMC, being a contemporary medium of communication in its own right, is rich in new possibilities for intercultural exchange and collaboration in virtual rather than physical space in which the participants' strategies express differing opinions, or a change in the interpretation of an idea, in the form of contrastive connectives and concussive transition markers. The study concludes that speakers with a lower level of linguistic competence need to be equipped with essential pragmalingusitc strategies and skills in disagreement strategies in intercultural situations. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Degree College Takht-e-Nasrati Karak, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) Kohat, KP, Pakistan Lecturer, Department of English and Applied Linguistics, University of Lakki Marwat, KP, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-the-participants-disagreement-strategies-in-computer-mediated-intercultural-communication-cmic https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Co-curricular Activities on Elementary School Students' Overall Performance Amna Younis Qaisara Parveen M. Imran Niazi Physical health Wellness Cognitive Development Activities Elementary Performance Co- Curricular Development is the fundamental right of every child or Individual. A child's personality is mostly determined by their intellectual and physical growth. Co-curricular activities have become a fundamental part of school life. It also improves and maintains physical ability and skills. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of co-curricular activities on elementary school students' overall performance. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of co-curricular activities on elementary school students' overall performance. The current study is qualitative research, and qualitative data analysis was employed. The population of the study was the teachers of the public elementary schools of Rawalpindi. The data was gathered from the teachers of public schools in grade 8th. A self-developed structured interview was used to collect data from the teachers. A total of 25 teachers were selected from different schools. Hence, the ultimate results of the study indicate that co-curricular activities can contribute to enhancing the overall performance of the students in the class. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Associate Professor, Department of Education, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-cocurricular-activities-on-elementary-school-students-overall-performance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Identity vs Career: Muslim Women at Cross Cultural Roads in Corporation Noreen Saher Iram Batool Tayyaba Khalid Muslim Women Identity Career Dress Code Contextualizing Professional Women Pakistan This paper targets to explore the black box of Muslim women's identity in local corporations inPakistan and figure out its influence on the career trajectory of Muslim women. Scholarship (Syed and Pio, 2010)has already highlighted the issue of the identity of Muslims Women and its impact on career growth in Westerncountries. However, it has never been realized that Muslim women's identity would be an issue in Pakistan.Consistently, this issue is missed out to be focused; this research is going to focus on this missing clue betweenresearch and practice. It reduces the knowledge gap for Pakistan, a country under-represented in the discourseon careers and supports the calls for contextualizing knowledge. Through qualitative research, this paper extendsa rare in-depth insider's insight while exploring the impact of adherence to Muslim identity on women's careers. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Applied Psychology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Punjab, Pakistan Lecturer, Faculty of Social Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/identity-vs-career-muslim-women-at-cross-cultural-roads-in-corporation https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Peace Education: An Effective Tool for Conflict Resolution Um e Rubab M. Imran Yousuf Peace Education Civil Societies Peaceful Living Community Structure Every society's political, economic, and educational structures influence its future. This environment can only be achieved through peaceful living. Peace education involves students evaluating regional, national and worldwide conflicts while thinking about peaceful resolution options. A peaceful school aims to establish a discipline policy that emphasizes giving students the power to manage and control their own behaviour. The purpose of this study is to resolve multiple types of conflicts that are found in our society. This study is based on a survey method which describes how peace education plays an important role to resolve multitype of conflicts which are found in our society The development of an educational system that facilitates conflict prevention and advances peace should be the primary responsibility of education planners and managers. Government should create organizations that educate all citizens about peace, regardless of their tribe, religion, gender, race, or political party. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, PMAS-ARID Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Chairman, Department of Education, PMAS-ARID Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/peace-education-an-effective-tool-for-conflict-resolution https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analyzing the Connection between Wish-Tree and Textile in Different Cultures at Sindh Province Raj Kumar Sanam Bhutto Hina Marvi Wish-Tree Pakistani-Culture Sindh This research investigates wish trees and tree adoration in Pakistan's Sindh region. In order to study the purpose, a series of questions and justifications derived from earlier research were taken and then adjusted to meet the Pakistani culture. The questionnaire had twenty-four statements printed on paper and distributed via a confidential survey of various areas and individuals in Sindh. One hundred twenty-four dependable respondents participated in the survey and gave the data evaluated to produce the study's conclusions. However,some of the known explanations were accepted while others were not, and the literature has validated the findings of the current investigation, which were mostly consistent with the literature. This research will provide fundamental facts and reality to the literature and fills a gap in the wishing tree literature. The scientific approach used to study the issue's basics. Where the results would help future investigations and assist literary and art students in comprehending Sindhi life. Humanity Publications Department of Textile Design, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Textile Design, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Department of Architecture and Planning, Shaheed Allah Buksh University of Art, Design and Heritages, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-connection-between-wishtree-and-textile-in-different-cultures-at-sindh-province https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Women's Career Growth and Top Positions - Factors Determined by Literature Bushra Shafqat Kashif Rathore Yaamina Salman Women Career Development Women and Top Positions Career Growth This research study combines scholarly research work on factors influencing women and top positions.Providing a synthesis of 94 research studies published in the ISI web of knowledge, this study not only highlightssignificant factors influencing women's journey towards top managerial positions but also compares literaturefrom developing and developed nations. Empirical and conceptual papers were chosen by scanning the title,abstract and stated aim of the study. Broadly two theoretical models, the Gender Organization and Systemframework by Fagenson-Eland and Baugh (2000) and the Systems of Career Influences Model purposed by DianeMagrane, et al. (2012) were used for the analysis. Overall three themes, Institutional Resources and Strategies,personal and professional roles and values and systemic factors were identified. By using literature each factorwas placed under one theme For analysis all factors (identified by using existing literature) were coded underthree main themes and analysed by using frequencies and charts. In the end, the research gap, implications andlimitations are also mentioned. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Institute of Administrative Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/womens-career-growth-and-top-positions-factors-determined-by-literature https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Risk of Deprivation of Local Culture in Tourism Destination: A Case of Khaplu Valley Zareena Ashraf Social and Cultural Change Identity Crisis Tourism impacts. Indigenous Culture Local Community Over the years, tourism has become an international business as well as a source of acculturation for tourist community and local population GB. Numerous social and cultural changes are reported harming the local and indigenous culture and specifically the local norms, values and traditions in unwanted manner. The research methodology was exploratory. Data was collected through survey method. There were 50 respondents, belonged from Balti community. Data was analyzed by using SPSS This research is a detailed case study of effects of national and international tourism on the local Balti culture that is entirely different the others in Gilgit Baltistan. The study explores the loss of cultural traits due to increased tourist activities. The tourism opportunities have opened access to outsiders as tourists while the impacts are seen as a threat to influence, rather change the local cultural traits. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/risk-of-deprivation-of-local-culture-in-tourism-destination-a-case-of-khaplu-valley https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2018(III-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Role of Sleep Apnea Linked with Cardiovascular Illness in Old Age Patients Qurat ul Ain Shafqat Cardiovascular Disease; Elderly Patients; Psychological performance; Sleep Apnea. Sleep plays a crucial role in the psychological, and biological health of a person. Sleep failure not only occurs in physiological and psychiatric problems, but it also has the adverse effects of sleep deprivation on the cardiovascular system. Decreased levels of sleep are correlated with lifestyle factors for heart disease, such as hypertension, overweight, sugar levels. The aging population in Pakistan is increasing exponentially, causing rising problems in well-being care. Sleeping illness is one of the many complex disorders involving aging and cardiovascular disease. The present study analyzed 51 patients aged 55 and 88 years old with a CVD indication. Respondents were classified in impaired sleep (N=20) and non-impaired sleep (N=31) classes, further correlated with a measure of inflammatory disease performance in neuropsychological studies on fatigue. Respondents reported slightly higher rates of tiredness during the daytime have both symptoms. This work addresses consequences for the interaction of sleep and CVD Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-sleep-apnea-linked-with-cardiovascular-illness-in-old-age-patients https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2018(III-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Role of Socio-Cultural Norms in Shaping Women Reproductive Health: A Qualitative Analysis of Married Women from Safdarabad, Punjab Saadia Saeed Farah Mushtaq Aneela Sultana Reproduction Socio-economic Status Religious Perceptions Family Planning Women reproductive health plays a vital role to maintain their position in society. The practices to ensure the women reproductive health encapsulates many factors that range from religious to socio-economic. The study was conducted in Safdarabad, central Punjab Pakistan by using IDI of thirty married women of reproductive age through purposive sampling. The findings reflect poor knowledge of reproductive health among married women that deprives them of exercising control over their bodies. The study also highlights the significant role of in-laws especially, mother-in-law and husband in the decisions related to women reproductive health. Moreover, the role of religious beliefs has been found a dominating factor in matters pertaining to fertility control and family planning. In order to protect women from the plight of unwanted pregnancies and clandestine abortions, their understanding of fundamental health rights must be increased by bringing positive attitudinal change through socio-cultural norms and beliefs. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-sociocultural-norms-in-shaping-women-reproductive-health-a-qualitative-analysis-of-married-women-from-safdarabad-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2018(III-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Child Protection Services Offered By CP&WB For Rehabilitation and Successful Integration Hira Azhar Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Child Protection Child Rights Child Violence Child Abuse Child Integration The study is about Child Protection Services offered by Child Protection and Welfare Bureau (CP&WB) for rehabilitation and successful integration. Child abuse, neglect and violence may seem like a thing of the past. In developed countries like the United States, England and in third world African countries such problems are still present. The research was conducted at CP&WB in Bahawalpur. It aimed at studying the role of bureau in providing facilities to the children for successful integration in the society. The research methodology was explanatory, and interviews and observation were used for data collection. It was found that the bureau rescued children from streets and provided them with basic needs. Their record was kept by the Child Protection Office (CPO). It was further found that the children were provided with formal and skill-based education enabling them to earn and become productive part of society. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2018-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/child-protection-services-offered-by-cpwb-for-rehabilitation-and-successful-integration https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2018(III-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 3, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393789 2022-06-30 gsr

Bringing Modernization Debate Back in: Inter-Provincial time Series Performance and Forecasting of Key Sustainable Development Indicator Muhammad Sharif Abdul Raheem Gautam Mohan Inter-Provincial Time Series Modernization Sustainable Development Goals Performances This study is aimed at the content analysis of three socioeconomic factors considered central to the sustainable development goals, namely education, poverty, and gender equality comparatively among provinces of Pakistan, keeping in view the framework of sustainable development. For this purpose, secondary data under the quantitative method was used to gather data from the archival of national and provincial level reports. Developing theories are used under the thematic framework. It can place a brick for sustainable development in education, poverty, and gender equality indicators. The least developed region, Balochistan, and its backwardness were mainly focused on. The ten years of official statistics reveal that Balochistan lags in all developmental indicators compared to other provinces. There is a high illiteracy rate, absolute poverty, and gender inequality in Balochistan. Hence, this research would be helpful in policy-making and academic work for the remote or underdeveloped areas of Pakistan. Humanity Publications M. Phil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. M. Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Graduate Student, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/bringing-modernization-debate-back-in-interprovincial-time-series-performance-and-forecasting-of-key-sustainable-development-indicator https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Critical Discourse Analysis of Dawn News Reporting "Forced Conversion and Marriage Case in Pakistan" Seemab Jamil Ghouri Saima Saleem Ayesha Tariq DAWN News Ideology Critical Discourse Analysis Media Text Meaning This study is purely designed to investigate linguistically different ways in which systems of meaning are constructed in DAWN news to represent forced conversion and marriage cases in Pakistan. This study selected the qualitative method and Van Dijk's concept of text structure. The corpus involved online DAWN news reporting; published on June 15, 2021. The results indicate that discourse is the main instrument through which ideology is constructed in a Pakistani newspaper. The lexical choices refer to the dichotomy of US and THEM where Christians are considered out-group and associated with negative representation (religion & country). The macrostructure analysis refers to the theme of religious conflict between Muslims and Christians. The findings of the superstructure are that the order of news is systematically ordered in order to convey the message. Furthermore, linguistics structure shows that news texts used rhetoric strategies to influence the interpretation of the story among the readers. Humanity Publications Lecturer (English), University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/critical-discourse-analysis-of-dawn-news-reporting-forced-conversion-and-marriage-case-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Perception of Teacher Educators about Professional Conduct and Ethics and its Impact on Students' Academic Performance Shahida Jan Zafar Iqbal Perception Professional Conduct and Ethics Teacher Educators The present study intended to investigate the perception of teacher educators about professional conduct and ethics and its relationship with the academic performance of the students. There were 29 government colleges for elementary teachers. 90 teacher educators and 220 students were selected using a convenient sampling technique.Data was collected from teacher educators with the help of a questionnaire having five points rating scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree. To investigate the perceptions of teacher educators, measures of central tendency were used. To analyze perceptions of teacher educators on a gender basis, a t-test was applied. To find out the relationship between the perception of teacher educators about professional conduct and ethics and students' academic performance, a coefficient of correlation was applied using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Findings demonstrated that teacher educators showed their agreement towards professional conduct and ethics. There was found significant difference between the perception of male and female teacher educators about professional conduct and ethics. The relationship between teacher educators' perception of professional conduct and ethics and students' academic performance was found statistically significant. Humanity Publications STED, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. TED, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perception-of-teacher-educators-about-professional-conduct-and-ethics-and-its-impact-on-students-academic-performance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Beyond Multicultural: Cultural Hybridity in Mohsin Hamid's Novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist KaiPing Wang Bahramand Shah Cultural hybridity In-betweenness Pakistani Identity Multiculturalism This paper is aimed at discussing Mohsin Hamid’s novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist in the postmodern and postcolonial scene in order to explore the ways in which Hamid’s exploration of cultural hybridity reshapes the complex identity politics as a mutable, fluctuating and dynamic process in-between world that works to dismantle the literary horizon of the essentialized fundamentalist ‘Otherness’. In this novel, the main character Changez is a Pakistani Muslim who has ever studied and resided in the United States and has great expectations of acquiring a successful career in the corporate world. Unfortunately, he is constantly trapped, to a different extent, in the crisis of identity politics whether in the pre-9/11 context or in the Post-9/11 attack which has been a crucial turning point of social, cultural and political transformation around the globe. In this sense, whenever he constantly feels alienated, misrepresented and misjudged in his adopted country, and torn apart between two cultures in terms of settings of juxtaposing Pakistan culture and American dominance. However, the objective existence of cultural difference and heterogeneity in every historic moment of transition consistently urges Changez to move beyond the essentialized and categorized identities, relocating and redefining his cultural identity as a dynamic process in liminal space, a world ‘in-between’, due to the transnationality and transculturality in the age of globalization, though cultural clash and confrontation might be unavoidable. Humanity Publications Ph.D Student, American Studies, Area Study Center, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Area Study Center, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/beyond-multicultural-cultural-hybridity-in-mohsin-hamids-novel-the-reluctant-fundamentalist https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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A Feminist View of James Joyce's The Boarding House Gohar Rahman Ayaz Ahmad Aryan Bahramand Shah Feminist James Joyce Gender The Boarding House The theories of feminism have global implications for the due rights of the female gender. Women are exterminated from political, economic, and social circles of life based on gender and they lack opportunities as well. This study aims to analyze James Joyce's The Boarding House against the backdrop of feminism. Joyce points out the sufferings and oppression of women in the male dominant society. Mrs Mooney is the protagonist of the story. Initially, she suffers because of her gender but later on, she achieves independence and emancipation from male dominancy. Thus the character of Mrs Mooney truly depicts the essence of feminism in the story. Similarly, the character Polly faces gender-based discrimination. This study analyzes the sufferings, subjugation, and oppression of women and recommends ways to abolish gender inequality. This study also calls for the emancipation of women and suggests ways to liberate them from patriarchy. Humanity Publications MPhil. Scholar, Department of English, Islamia College University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Area Study Center, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 2021-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-feminist-view-of-james-joyces-the-boarding-house https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Review of COVID-19 Pandemic and Pakistan Public Social Sector Services Combating Capacity Bahadar Sher Usman Ghani Dilkash Sapna COVID-19 Pandemic Social Sector Services Fragile Malfunction This paper was designed to evaluate the public social sector services of Pakistan combating capacity with the COVID-19 pandemic. In disasters and pandemics, the role of the stable and well-functional public social sector is of high importance and consequently, such systems could effectively decrease the aggravation of pandemics and disasters. Research findings observed that COVID-19 is a lethal unprecedented pandemic, that has challenged the social sector globally, particularly in developing countries. The findings of the study further revealed that Pakistan is also a developing country with a vulnerable social sector services system. Pakistan invests only 3.1 per cent of its total GDP in the social sector, far less than the average 4.5 per cent investment of contemporary developing countries in the sector. The worse is that a substantial breach between allocation and utilization has been observed. research study observed that vulnerable healthcare services, low-quality education, contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation and lingering poverty are the products of the neglected public social sector. Therefore on the bases of the findings of the study, it has been concluded that the combating capacity of fractured social sector services of Pakistan against the deadly COVID-19 pandemic is beyond its capacity. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan. BS Sociology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-review-of-covid19-pandemic-and-pakistan-public-social-sector-services-combating-capacity https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Exploitation of Pakistani Social and Cultural Norms through Mass Media in the Context of Antonio Gramsci's Cultural Hegemony Bahramand Shah Sana Riaz Raees Khan Propaganda Exploitation Hegemony Culture Class The current study examines Antonio Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony in Pakistani media. The study argues that Gramsci’s theory of Cultural Hegemony is not limited to Italian or Western societies, but it has great relevance with Asian societies as well. Gramsci exposes the manipulation and exploitation of the working class, hegemonic forces use various sources such as media, money and politics. The study aims to investigate a theory of cultural hegemony presented in Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks 1947 in Pakistani Media, cultural hegemony is used in the study as a theoretical framework. Media in Pakistan is used tactfully, to propagate the norms and culture of the status quo in Pakistan. The working class is in majority and their representation doesn&#39;t come into sight in almost all media forums. Pakistani status quo, including business tycoons, politicians, and other ruling elites collaboratively sustain the existing social and political mechanism in order to keep their supremacy lasting. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Area Study Centre for Africa, North & South America, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Demonstrator, Department of English, Abdul Wali khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-exploitation-of-pakistani-social-and-cultural-norms-through-mass-media-in-the-context-of-antonio-gramscis-cultural-hegemony https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393846 2022-03-30 gsr

Globalization in the Educational Culture of Punjab Public Secondary Schools Farhana Akmal Choudhry Shahid Ishfaque Ahmed Globalization Education Culture Educational Culture Pakistan The review-based study puts light on globalization in an educational culture like the effect of contemporary global educational culture, the technical effect, and the effect of the corrosion of values in Punjab Public Secondary Schools. This paper also analyzed the support and development of globalization to provide public secondary school education. In addition, the research discussed the opportunities and challenges of globalization in educational culture. The results of the study showed that Pakistanis educational culture at the secondary schools level has become hybrid due to dominant countries' styles adopted by our educational system while taking benefits from the western school system within the dimension of its ideology, moreover, cultural factors are affecting the values and norms as well as the education. The research will be helpful for policymakers, parents and other stakeholders, and heads of public secondary school education. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Education, Superior University, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Dean, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Superior University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Maths and Social Sciences, Sukkur Institute of Business Administration University, Sukkur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/globalization-in-the-educational-culture-of-punjab-public-secondary-schools https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Analytical Study of Women Objectification in The Patience Stone by Atiq Rahimi Ganika Kumari Noor Ur Rahim Samrin Objectification Patriarchy Women Marriage Suffering Patience Men The current study examines that, objectification as an issue that is common to women in a patriarchal society in which a woman is treated as an object. Although the worldview is changing, this issue is still prevailing in most countries where the patriarchal system is still common. This study focuses to explore the problem of sexual objectification in the novel The Patience Stone (2008) by Atiq Rahimi. It also shows how women's life is governed by men and how the female is objectified in a patriarchal society. This study uses the framework of objectification presented by Martha Nussbaum and Rae Langton and the character of the protagonist is analyzed, using this framework. The final findings of the study declare that all the features of objectification that Martha Nussbaum and Rae Langton describes are present in the novel. This study proves that the woman (protagonist) in the novel is objectified. Humanity Publications Student of BS, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. BS Student, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-analytical-study-of-women-objectification-in-the-patience-stone-by-atiq-rahimi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393874 2022-03-30 gsr

Marketing Islamophobia: A Post-Colonial Analysis of the John Updike’s Terrorist (2006) Shahbaz Khalid Sarfraz Umar Shafiq Islamophobia Terrorism Fear of Islam Stereotyping Otherness Many people's opinions of Muslims and Islam have evolved since the World Trade Center attacks on September 11, 2001. Muslims and Islam have been blamed for helping to breed terrorists. This prediction has thus been included in the literature. The same thing is done by John Updike in his book Terrorist. He has played Jews and Muslims. The disparity between the two identities fuels Western viewers' and Americans' fears about Islam. Updike masterfully alienates his Muslim protagonist from his community by utilising language, narrative style, concepts, and symbols. To analyse the Islamophobic and Orientalist elements in Updike's Terrorist, this study analyses and contrasts the two. American Jews and Muslims from Egypt are two very different populations. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Ummah International College, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Aspire Group of College, Samundri, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/marketing-islamophobia-a-postcolonial-analysis-of-the-john-updikes-terrorist-2006 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Study of Post-colonial Issues in the Novel Exist West by Mohsin Hamid Mujtaba Khan Ayaz Ahmad Aryan Sana Riaz Post-colonial Issues Novel Exist West Mohsin Hamid In the colonial era, the oppressed were labeled with different names by the oppressor and mostly, their identity was snatched. Their liberty was diminished, they were, criticized, and they were put under different barriers including language, culture, religion, and many others. And most of the people were manipulated. The present study tries to explore the postcolonial issues in modern novel Exit West. The present research uses textual analysis as a method of data analysis. For this purpose, selected passages have been analyzed for finding the postcolonial issues. In this study, post-colonialism has been used as a general framework. Different postcolonial writers include Bhabha’s (1994) mimicry, ambivalence, and Hybridity, and Edward Said’s (1995) stereotyping, otherness, and representation, which have been used. These issues are the issues of the countries once controlled by the oppressors that compel the protagonists to suffer. Humanity Publications Lecturer in English, Department of English, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer in English, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Demonstrator, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-study-of-postcolonial-issues-in-the-novel-exist-west-by-mohsin-hamid https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393889 2022-06-30 gsr

Dread, Death, Dasein: An Existential Study of The Fault in our Stars by John Green Wisal Ahmad Khan Sana Riaz Ayaz Ahmad Aryan Existentialism Dread Death Dasien The Fault in our Stars John Green This particular study aims to interpret and analyze The Fault in our Stars by John Green, to find out certain existential elements like Dasein, Dread and Death. “Dasein” as Joseph Childers (1995) mentions that “Dasein for Heidegger is a way of being involved with and caring for the immediate world in which one lives”, (p 70), “Dread” which for Kierkegaard that anxiety is a way for humanity to be saved as well, and “Death” as mentioned by Jrank “For Sartre at the point of death the person does not have a past, as he or she is now dead and cannot continue to write in the log of the present, rather, a person then becomes his or her past. While conducting this particular study a qualitative textual analysis technique has been used as method. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of English, University of Swabi, KP, Pakistan. Demonstrator, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/dread-death-dasein-an-existential-study-of-the-fault-in-our-stars-by-john-green https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Decision Problems and Anxiety: A Psychoanalytical Analysis of Jodi Picoult's My Sister's Keeper Sarfraz Umar Shafiq Rubab Khalid Novel My Sister's Keeper Jodi Picoult Anxiety Psychology Issues with decision-making that are mental, emotional, or spiritual may be covered in this article. People can suffer from psychological problems. I believed it could be intriguing to examine the minds of Anna and Sara from Jodi Picoult's novel My Sister's Keeper. The purpose of this psychoanalytic analysis is to look into Anna and Sara Fitzgerald's interpretation and insight of My Sister's Keeper by Jodi Picoult. Sara Fitzgerald and Ann assist her with her mental issues from a Freudian perspective in Jodi Picoult's novel My Sister's Keeper. The author draws on literary and psychological analyses. Literature is analyzed and evaluated through literary criticism. The book is psychological because it centres on Anna and Sara's mental illness. To analyze the novel, psychoanalysis is applied. After reading about the problem, the author decided on a psychological strategy. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Ummah International College, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Aspire Group of College, Samundri, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Ummah International College, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/decision-problems-and-anxiety-a-psychoanalytical-analysis-of-jodi-picoults-my-sisters-keeper https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Projection of Denial as a Defense Mechanism in Fatima Bhutto's Novel "The Runaways" Nimra Iftikhar Kalsoom Saddique Arshad Nawaz Defense Mechanisms Psychoanalysis Denial Transformation Protagonists Three main characters Anita, Sunny, and Monty in Fatima Bhutto's novel The Runaways are examined in this study by using the theory of defense mechanisms. Data is collected from Fatima Bhutto’s novel The Runaways as it cherishes Cramer's theory of defense mechanisms that she presents in her book Protecting the self: Defense Mechanisms in Action. Phebe Cramer while defining defense mechanisms asserts that denial is the most important aspect of defense mechanism. The analysis is derived from events in the lives of the protagonists, who due to their realistic and moral anxieties see change in their personalities and face miserable situations such as poverty, migration, disaffection, violence, alienation, exploitation, and dislocation. The text of novel serves as the primary source of information, and secondary sources for this study include books, articles, reviews, essays, research papers, and journals. The study will attempt to look into how the novel's main characters change themselves in various circumstances that is actually the result of how denial as a defense mechanism affects people's lives. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Hafizabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Minhaj International University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College University, Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Hafizabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/projection-of-denial-as-a-defense-mechanism-in-fatima-bhuttos-novel-the-runaways https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:393949 2021-06-30 gsr

Re-conceptualizing the Exotic and Oppressed Latina: An Analysis of Isabel Allende's Daughter of Fortune Amina Ghazanfar Fayaz Ahmad Kumar Stereotype Oppressed Resilient Female History Latina women have generally been peripherized in Western academia and faminism as oppressed and disenfranchised but Isabel Allende in her novel Daughter of Fortune (1999) contests these Western notions by creating resilient and assertive female protagonist. Allende reconstructs the history of California Gold Rush by redefining the role of women from South America. Through this act she takes the role of a historian, an ethnographer and a storyteller by narrating the long forgotten role of women during these critical times and replaces the Western version of history. The selected novel tells the fictional account of the presence of Chilean women in California during the 1840s. The paper utilizes Linda Martin Alcoff’s feminist philosophy to analyze the fictional text. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English UGS, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of ELT, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/reconceptualizing-the-exotic-and-oppressed-latina-an-analysis-of-isabel-allendes-daughter-of-fortune https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Cultural Constraints Impede Social Development & Public Policy-making: A Case Study of Dir Upper Yousaf Ali Muhammad Husain Yasir Imran Pakhtun Culture Cultural Constraints Modernization Education Development Islam The social values, customs, and taboos in the Pakhtun-dominated regions serve as impediments to modernization. Dir a princely state ruled by Nawab until 1969 before its accession with Pakistan and now divided in two districts – Dir Upper and Dir Lower – has been specifically affected by the cultural constraints. This study discusses cultural constraints that impede social development and public policy in Dir upper. The study finds that education was completely banned during the Nawab era and the people were even not allowed to go out of the state in search of job, education, and healthcare. All this was done in the name of culture and Islam, which were alien to both the Pakhtun culture and Islam. These cultural constraints adversely affected policy-making and development in the district even after the accession. The cultural constraints specifically affected development, education, health, economy, public welfare and the justice system in Dir Upper Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Governance, Politics/IR and Public Policy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Graduate Student, Department of Governance, Politics/IR and Public Policy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. PhD, Department of International Relations, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/cultural-constraints-impede-social-development-public-policymaking-a-case-study-of-dir-upper https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Study of Gender Representation in English and Urdu Newspapers in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis Akasha Arooj Ghani Rahman Muhammad Rafiq Gender Objectification Images Newspapers English Urdu CDA The present study is concerned with the stereotypical representation of gender in print media of Pakistani newspapers, in English and Urdu. The study specifically focused on discourse analysis critically for aspects of sexism and gender representation. The analysis of the selected texts from both English and Urdu newspapers was done in the light of three-dimensional model presented by Fairclough (1989) and the images were analyzed with objectification theory by Fredrickson and Roberts (1997). The analysis shows gender representation in these newspapers was deep-rooted in their ideological positioning determined by the typical social ideology. The analysis showed that women in Urdu newspaper are represented as objects in provocative manner. They are represented mostly in their stereotypical role like house wives and pieces of enjoyment for men. The English newspaper on the other hand, showed them more in their professional role though with some cultural tags as well. Humanity Publications MPhil. Scholar, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-study-of-gender-representation-in-english-and-urdu-newspapers-in-pakistan-a-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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From Stress to Success: Exploring the Mediating Role of Relaxation Coping on Job Performance Shabnam Razzaq Khan Zulfiqar Khan Azmat Ali Shah Relaxation Coping Mechanism Job Stress; Job Performance; Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Everyone from academics to factory workers is curious about stress. The purpose of the research was to examine the relationship between sleep and occupational stress and performance on the job. A total of 170 LPEs, 97 of whom were male and 73 of who were female were recruited for the study from KP's public universities. To analyze the data, we employed descriptive and inferential statistics. Conversely, LPEs' performance suffers when they're under pressure on the job, and the mediating model was crucial in explaining the connection between job demands and LPEs' performance in degree-granting institutions. In order to alleviate tension and make work easier, officials should follow the advice of a researcher. According to the researcher, further research is needed to clarify the phenomenon of job stressors, coping mechanisms, and the job performance of LPEs at different levels of education. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Gomal University DI.Khan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/from-stress-to-success-exploring-the-mediating-role-of-relaxation-coping-on-job-performance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-I).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effects of TV Advertisements on Sexualization of Pakistani Children: A Perspective of Heavy and Light Viewers Qasim Mahmood Amna Salim Amna Zulfiqar TV Advertisements Sexualization Pakistani Children Heavy Viewers Light Viewers Ads with adult themes are produced devoid of the consideration that there might children amongst the viewers watching these themes and are being cognized sexually. The current study aims to analyze the issue of sexualization in children of Pakistan through exposure to sexual themes used in TV advertisements. The current research employed dual research methods. In the first stage, qualitative content analysis of television ads was conducted, and in the second stage; focused group interviews were conducted with the children to validate the findings of the first method. The results indicate that children learn and imitate what they watch through TV advertisements. It concludes that exposure of children to such advertisements containing sexual content and themes leads to the adaptation of behavior that is not suitable for the children. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Media & Communication Studies Department, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Freelance Researcher Assistant Professor, Media & Communication Studies Department, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effects-of-tv-advertisements-on-sexualization-of-pakistani-children-a-perspective-of-heavy-and-light-viewers https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Punjab Peasantry; Evolution, Successes and Failures Saqib Shah Sabir Shah Colonial Capitalism Peasant Canal Colonies Agrarian Mansabdars This paper seeks to explore the historical evolution of the peasants of Punjab during various socio-economic systems that prevailed in the region. Beginning first in a sequence with Primitive Communism, the Asiatic mode of Production and later transitioning into Colonial capitalism under British Raj. From the earliest times, both the physical and human geography of India and specifically Punjab's terrain had a vital role in shaping the lives of the inhabitants of Punjab. The ruling State exercised a monopoly over the vast lands that were the source of revenues. The entire power struggle that took place during the course of 2000 years in India; lay for the sole purpose of monopolizing these productive lands. The Mughal Era reforms helped the ruling monarchs to further strengthen their grip over these revenue wells. The harsh exploitative policies directed against the tillers or peasants led to the stunted growth of the Indian economy. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/punjab-peasantry-evolution-successes-and-failures https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Hindutva 2.0 as a Variant of Indian Islamophobia: An Analysis of Praxis of Indian Society Izzat Raazia Shahzad Akhtar Maryam Nawaz Hindutva 2.0 Right-wing Ideology Islamophobia Modi RSS Hindu Rashtra Article 370 Gujrat Riots. The resurgence of Hindutva as a political ideology aims to promote Hindu Rashtra in India. The revival of Hindutva, at the helm of Indian Premier Narendra Modi, seeks to promote and preserve the majoritarian cultural and pan-identity of Hindus in India. Hindutva is a term that refers to the ideology of Hindu nation-building aiming to transform the face of the Indian secular democratic republic into a Hindu Rashtra (state). The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), having many similarities with Fascism in Italy and Nazism in Germany, is a right-wing Hindu nationalist organization that is closely associated with the development and promotion of Hindutva ideology of political monotheism and Hindu nationalist ideas of Indian society and culture. This paper is an attempt to unveil the historical traces of Hindutva as a political ideology with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in office and its exclusionary impacts on Indian Muslims. Humanity Publications Doctoral Candidate, School of Integrated Social Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, School of Integrated Social Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan PhD Student in International Relations, School of Integrated Social Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/hindutva-20-as-a-variant-of-indian-islamophobia-an-analysis-of-praxis-of-indian-society https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Political Participation of Women: A Study of Pakistan (2001-2013) Sobia Riaz Muqarrab Akbar Women Participation Pakistan Legislation Quota Representation Women Empowerment. The importance of women in political participation cannot be ignored. Women comprised half of Pakistan's population but since the inception of Pakistan, their participation in politics remained limited. Women have fundamental rights to political participation. Women’s participation in politics is indispensable to maintaining gender equality, promoting good governance and upholding human rights. In Pakistan, President Musharraf's government introduced several policies, for the empowerment of women, such as the number of women seats being increased in the parliament and provincial assemblies, the establishment of a commission on the status of women, and repealing of discriminatory laws. In the 2002 general elections, a large number of women were elected to parliament, with women's representation increasing from 2% to 22%. Similarly, during the Zardari regime, measures were taken for the political participation of women at both provincial and national levels. This study addressed women's representation and participation in Pakistan politics and find out challenges, impediments and opportunities for women during 2001-2013. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/political-participation-of-women-a-study-of-pakistan-20012013 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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In Search of Folk Wedding Songs: A Woman Researcher’s Challenges in Family Folkloric Studies Atifa Nasir Challenges in Fieldwork. Family Folklore Folk Wedding Songs Rajput Women This research gives an insight into the difficulties of doing family folkloric research in documenting folk wedding songs in the Rajput community of Bhakkar, Pakistan. I have gathered and analyzed 84 folk wedding songs taken from women of that community-majority by those who are my relatives. To overcome these drawbacks, I employed certain strategies like compromise, collaboration, and negotiation. These tactics would often prove very important to maintain rapport while doing research with people when research is going on in relation to folklore. The findings discuss challenges that are encountered in the process of folklore studies with the family context, which "require an adaptable approach." In this study, my experience in family folklore research has been very inclusive of unique challenges such as research encounters and developed insights on how to cope with them effectively in such situations. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Gender and Women Studies, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2021-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/in-search-of-folk-wedding-songs-a-woman-researchers-challenges-in-family-folkloric-studies https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2021(VI-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 6, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Role of Recreational Engagement in Shaping Healthy Lifestyles among Youth: A Perceptual Study Shabnam Razzaq Khan Khalid Muhammad Zulfiqar Khan Recreational Activities Healthy Lifestyle and Youth Recreational Engagement Youth Development Physical Activity Health Promotion The primary objective of this research was to examine the effects of leisure time on youth. Government Girls Colleges KP participated in the survey, along with 152 instructors, 1,890 students, and 149526 parents. 20% of the total 25 districts were selected at random from the population. These districts are Swabi, Peshawar, Kohat, Lakki Marwat, and D.I. Khan. All of the participants in this study were required to fill out a self-made form. Inferential statistics, percentages & descriptive statistics were employed. Based on the findings, the researchers concluded that people, particularly children, develop a highly favourable impression of the value of recreation in their lives. Everyone who took the survey, including parents, students, and educators, agreed that playing sports and other forms of physical activity are essential to a long and healthy life. The researcher offers some excellent recommendations that will improve life and promote a healthy lifestyle based on the results. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Institute Of Microbiology Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Political Science Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2022-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-recreational-engagement-in-shaping-healthy-lifestyles-among-youth-a-perceptual-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Interdisciplinary Study in Criminology and Sociolinguistics: Impact of Jail Environment on Teenager’s Linguistic Expression Seerat Fatima Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Critical Discourse Analysis Impact on Teenagers Negative Linguistic Environment Prison Argot Prisons in Pakistan Well-being Beyond the sphere of freedom, a whole new layer of subculture thrives within prison walls in most countries, which is often neglected. This research focuses on identifying the language attitudes among prisoners and their impact on youth incarcerated there. The study is based on conversational analysis techniques, and the research framework is established on the emblem of both the behaviourist and interactionist approaches in linguistic cognition. Also, it offers a unique opportunity to bring together the disciplines of sociolinguistics, behavioural studies and criminology. The target audience is highly specific as it comprises individuals directly exposed to jails. A semi-structured interview was conducted from the participants. This study finds that insulting and abusive linguistic expressions are largely practiced in Jail Systems which cause deteriorating harm to the well-being and social development of young individuals imprisoned there. Humanity Publications Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/interdisciplinary-study-in-criminology-and-sociolinguistics-impact-of-jail-environment-on-teenagers-linguistic-expression https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Exploring Indigenous Culture Through the Linguistic Landscape in Pakistan: A Sociolinguistic Perspective Summaya Afzal Tazanfal Tehseem Rabia Faiz Sign Landscape Survey Intermediaries Socio-Political Multilingual Signs are the center of a city’s identity that is more than just intermediaries, rather they are also a vital component of that identity; both physically and culturally. This research examines semiotic citizenship’s role in developing the language landscape and determines whether or not the language landscape contributes to constructing socio-political identities. The purpose of this research is a comprehensive multimodal survey of multilingual signs and advertisements seen in public places, also known as the linguistic landscape as signs created by individuals of any area indicate their direct connection with the city and ownership. The data collected for this research includes 825 photographic samples from roadside restaurants, advertisements, hospitals, various shops, and other sources in the cities, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The theoretical framework used for this research is Linguistic Landscape Theory from the perspective of Landry–Bourhis (1997). The findings highlight that Urdu and English, language and sometimes Punjabi is preferred on street signs. Furthermore, Urdu was the language of choice in the Tourist Destination and its more modest surroundings, whereas English was in the business districts. In general, language and signs are used to describe the linguistic landscape in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-indigenous-culture-through-the-linguistic-landscape-in-pakistan-a-sociolinguistic-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Modern Man's Conflict with His Collective Unconscious: A Psychoanalytical Study of Ford Madox Ford's Characters in The Good Soldier Safia Siddiqui Khadija Riaz Archetypes Collective Unconscious The Good Soldier Persona Shadow With its publication in 1915, Ford Madox Ford’s novel The Good Soldier (2002) unveils several layered visions of shifting attitudes of the modern era. It bears deep and intriguing commentary on the social and psychological situations during the period of transition when the world was heading toward the First World War. This article aims to undertake a study of this novel in terms of how it brings forth modern man’s psychological conflicts by effectively revealing the stark contrast between the characters’ social appearance and their internal desires. It intends to investigate the workings of personality archetypes that Ford’s characters unintentionally adopt in this novel with an exclusive theoretical underpinning of Carl Jung’s Collective Unconscious and his Archetypes of personality. The study finds out how individuals suffer psychologically when society undergoes transitions and how it affects their social relationships. The purpose of this study is to highlight the fact that Ford’s characters are having unbalanced archetypes because of the deterioration and disillusionment prevailing in Pre-war modern society. It makes their personalities confused and to behave ambiguously and unconventionally, consequently causing their relationships to collapse and their lives to suffer. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/modern-mans-conflict-with-his-collective-unconscious-a-psychoanalytical-study-of-ford-madox-fords-characters-in-the-good-soldier https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Feminist Waves and Gender Discrimination in Pakistan Yasir Ali Muhammad Shoaib Haris Ahsan Feminism Feminist Waves Gender Discrimination Pakistan Females, for centuries have been suppressed and their feminist traits have been manipulated in various ways, whether it's sexualizing, objectifying, subduing, and confiscating them. Despite the war against gender discrimination, gender inequality continues to entrench the world, where women are deprived of their fundamental rights, specifically in developing countries. The study will evaluate the multidimensional facets of the three feminist waves, illustrating their causes and subsequent effects, with a viewpoint of Pakistan's chronology of gender discrimination. Moreover, the study will also elaborate on several efforts made in Pakistan to combat gender discrimination. The research is based on primary data, involving reflexive interviews, semi-structured questionnaires conducted by the social activist fighting against gender inequality, and a desk survey. The conclusion of the research is based on the solution to fight gender discrimination and reforms that can be brought in Pakistan to resolve the dilemma. Hence, the study will of significant importance for young females all across the globe, specifically in Pakistan, giving them the motivation to stand for their basic rights. Humanity Publications Teaching Associate, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Shandong University, China. Teaching Assistant, Department of International Relations, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2022-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/feminist-waves-and-gender-discrimination-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Comparative Analysis of Pre-Competition Anxiety (somatic anxiety) in Female Inter College Badminton and Volleyball Participants: A Case Study of District Sargodha, Pakistan. Rehana Kousar Afshan Jabeen Qurat-ul-Lain Anxiety Somatic Anxiety Volleyball Badminton Sarghodha Pakistan Players This research focuses on the comparison of the level of pre-competition anxiety (somatic anxiety) between intercollegiate women’s badminton as well as volleyball players in district Sargodha. The 300 female players who participated consisted of 150 badminton female players and 150 volleyball female players chosen within the age range of 16 to 21 years where M=18.5 and SD=1.87. This empirical research was delimited to the teams of women colleges of District Sargodha who took part in the Sports Events 2015-2016 of PASBAN (Pakistan Army Sports Base Achievement Network) which were held in the District Sargodha. The comparison of the level of their pre-competitive anxiety in two different games was performed with the help of Revised Competitive State Anxiety Invertory-2(CSAI-2R). The method of inferential statistics is performed on the collected data with the help of Independent Samples t/test for getting the desired result. The result depicts that no major variation is found in the level of pre-competitive somatic anxiety of the inter-collegiate female badminton and volleyball players. However, the outcome demonstrated that the level of anxiety in the girls who played badminton is higher than the girls who played volleyball. Overall, the outcome of this research will be beneficial for the athletes, other researchers, and coaches of badminton and volleyball because of the detailed review of the complex idea of competitive sport anxiety, and compared the badminton and volleyball girl players’ somatic state of anxiety. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Higher Education, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of SS & PE, University of Haripur, Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer Physical Education, Department of Higher Education, Pakistan. 2022-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-analysis-of-precompetition-anxiety-somatic-anxiety-in-female-inter-college-badminton-and-volleyball-participants-a-case-study-of-district-sargodha-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Child Labour as Corporate Crime in Nexus to Corporate Social Responsibility Samza Fatima Waqas Javed Syed Kaleem Imam Corporate Crime Child Labour Social Responsibility Corporate Crime is a relatively new term associated with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The instant study tries to explain corporate crimes in nexus to CSR. It debates what international legal framework prohibits such crimes and how corporations commit violations of such international standards, any deviation from the standard may result in serious damage to society thus affect millions of lives e.g., the growing trend of child labor under hazardous conditions by a corporation. Through increased monitoring on child labor, innocent children can be saved from the havoc of child labor even reaching the level of slavery in some regions. This would help to reduce the number of children having hazardous workplace situation being unfairly compensated for their work. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Law, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Quaid-e-azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Former Secretary, Narcotics Control Division, Former Inspector General Police 2022-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/child-labour-as-corporate-crime-in-nexus-to-corporate-social-responsibility https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Socio-Economic Position of Afro-American Women in Gyasi's Homegoing: A Study of Gender Pay Discrimination and Identity Sana Zafar Saira Zaheer Ghulam Murtaza Afro-American Women Race Identity Gender Discrimination This article explores the socioeconomic place of Afro-American women from slavery to the present in Gyasi's Homegoing through bell hook's feminist lens. bell hooks is of the view that the stigma wrought upon the image of black women by the slave trade has crushed their social status in contemporary America. This research shows how Afro-Afro-American continues to live in contemporary white supremacist America where they cannot escape from the clutches of occupational discrimination and gender pay disparity. Compared to any other field, black women are more likely to work in low-paid sectors including food service, housekeeping, and healthcare centers, and less likely to hold management or engineering roles, which tend to pay greater. Black mothers who earn less have little money for basic needs like accommodation, food, and education. This has a long-term effect on their property, higher education, or savings. The current factors affecting the wages of black women are racial and gender discrimination, workplace harassment, segregation, and hostile policies of different organizations. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Shiblee Group of Colleges, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Teacher, Department of English, Government Girls Primary School, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English Literature, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-socioeconomic-position-of-afroamerican-women-in-gyasis-homegoing-a-study-of-gender-pay-discrimination-and-identity https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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The Implications of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor on the Fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals in the Social Sector Development Muhammad Shoaib Fahad Javed Fasiha Nargis Sumera Arshad CPEC SDGs Economic Goals Social Goals China and Pakistan launched the CPEC as a massive project to promote free trade and economic development. CPEC is perceived as "game-changer" despite being in its early stages. Previous research has taken into consideration both macro and micro level benefits of CPEC, but they have primarily been conceptually oriented. This study covers the knowledge gap by investigating the possible advantages of CPEC for Pakistani locals and how it is complimenting Sustainable Development Goals. We used the questionnaire method and face to face interview approach to conduct valuable information for the research. The results demonstrate that residents believe their social lives have significantly improved because of the development of CPEC. To maximize the benefits of CPEC, this research suggests the authorities and stakeholders of the project to enhance its involvement in the education, economic and industrial sectors. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty Member, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Faculty Member, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-implications-of-the-chinapakistan-economic-corridor-on-the-fulfillment-of-the-sustainable-development-goals-in-the-social-sector-development https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Impact of Online Training Program on Health-Related Physical Fitness among Young Adults Noman Ahmed Soniha Aslam Yasmeen Iqbal Health Training Program Exercise Since the onset of the pandemic and its subsequent demise, many have jumped onto online platforms as a means of working, shopping, learning, and conducting training program. This study was designed to determine the impact of online training program on health-related physical fitness. The results of the study indicate that online training program showed significant improvements in most of the parameters studied, which include V02 max, plank test, sit and reach exercise, and hand grip strength significantly meaning that indeed online training program if conducted properly can be impactful on health related-physical fitness. Even BMI and skin fold measurement showed improvement of the participants after the conclusion of the study also fund significant. Thus, it can be concluded that online training program holds great potential in improving health related physical fitness and should be compared in future studies with the traditional training program methods. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Centre for Physical Education, Health & Sports Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Professor, Centre for Physical Education, Health & Sports Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Head of Department, Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-online-training-program-on-healthrelated-physical-fitness-among-young-adults https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Gender Equality Need For Developing Nations Including Pakistan Muhammad Naveed Ul Hasan Shah Tabiullah Ibrar Hussain opiGender Equality Pakistan Develng Nations Women Economic Shares World is undergoing dazzling changes owing to human's triumph of scientific advancement. But the change in inequality being faced by women, almost half of homo-sapiens population is far from abandoning this world. The pace in bridging this gap between men and women is too slow to accomplish the task of gender equality; it will take decades and centuries. Although various steps has been taken and are being adopted across the globe yet gender discrimination of women is appalling in statistics e.g. in Baluchistan; a province of Pakistan literacy rate for girls is only 27%. Women in no way different or weak from men; she can play significant role in sociopolitical and economic contribution to the society, state or world. However, if appropriate steps are taken to provide due economic share in resources and expanded education program with legislative protection, and support; women better equipped to share the burden of poverty and luxury of scientific contribution. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Governance, Politics & Public Policy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer (Political Science), Abasyn University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecture (Political Science), Abasyn University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gender-equality-need-for-developing-nations-including-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Perceived Usability of Social Media as E-Learning Tool in Students at University Level Sana Zulfiqar Fariha Gull Irfan Bashir Students' Perceptions Social Media Use E-learning Higher Educational Institutes The widespread use of social media by students for educational purposes has led to a growing trend. This research aims to provide new perspectives on how to effectively incorporate digital technology into university education by examining the usage patterns of media.Theoretical framework comprised of Bandura's Social Learning Theory and Davis's Technology Acceptance Model. Study has a descriptive approach. Four hundred students responded to the surveys. The researcher has created a questionnaire that is designed at a frequency scale and Liker scale rating. The use of social media was prevalent among students, and many of them believed it to be helpful for fostering learning, communication, teamwork, and knowledge development. The research also showed that distracting issues, privacy concerns, and the potential of cyberbullying were the biggest obstacles. It is suggested that further investigation is needed to determine how social media interacts and collaborate with student, and barriers in educational settings. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor , Department of Education, University of Management and Technology. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perceived-usability-of-social-media-as-elearning-tool-in-students-at-university-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Psychologists as Expert Witnesses in Criminal Matters in Courts in Pakistan Ali Ajmal Bushra Nasim Faiza Rasool Evidence Expert Psychologist Witness This paper analyzes the role of psychologists as expert witnesses and its evidentiary value in the criminal matters in the courts in Pakistan. Under article 59 of Qanoon-e-Shahadat Order 1984, a psychologist can be an expert and his expert opinion is admissible in the court subject to the criteria laid down by this article. The scope of this paper is limited to the expert witness and expert opinion of psychologists in the form of evidence in criminal matters in the courts in Pakistan. The courts in Pakistan consider the testimony of psychologists as admissible when relevant. However, the probative value of the evidence presented by a psychologist depends upon his relevant qualification and the psychological methods applied in a particular case. The findings of this article have implications for psychologists, psychiatrists, jurists, judges, and lawyers. Humanity Publications LL.M, University Law College, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Lahore School of Professional Studies, The University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2022-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/psychologists-as-expert-witnesses-in-criminal-matters-in-courts-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 7, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Challenges of Social Work with Youth in Pakistan Muhammad Mursaleen Raminta Bardauskiene Karachi Pakistan Social Work Youth Development The present study has evaluated the current situation of youth social work in Karachi as well highlights the importance and key issues faced by working youth in the country. A qualitative methodology has been used for the current studty. The researcher has selected ten respondents having at least 5-10 years of experience from the education sector of Karachi. A set of 5 questions were developed that targeted the themes of gendered biasness, communication issues, safety threats, and concerns, funding problems and the impact of governmental restrictions and unrest. The results of the study highlight the vitality of communication in social organizations in order to resolve the barriers. The main safety concerns to the NGOs are from the religious and societal extremists. The government hasn’t supported the developmental and relief initiatives of the social organizations and therefore funding issues are faced by most of the institutions. The study has bridged the importance of the necessity to commence dialogue on a tabooed issue for the development and betterment of the youth of the country. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania Vice-Dean for Science, Head of European Joint Master in Social Work with Children and Youth (ESWOCHY), Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/challenges-of-social-work-with-youth-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Psychoanalytical Interpretation of Omar El Akkad's American War: An In- Depth Study of Sarat Chestnut's Neurosis Safia Siddiqui Atta-e-Elahi Sexual Abuse Neurosis Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Ambivalence Societal Norms This research paper postulates the sociological and psychological factors responsible for prompting neurosis in the protagonist Sarat Chestnut in the novel American War (2017). It is the study of Sarat’s disturbing behavior and the constant struggle to exist in her society and bear its ill-treatment. The theories of Neurosis and Seduction; a part of the theory of psychoanalysis, have been applied to study the symptoms and causes of Sarat’s neurotic behavior. Instead of presenting neurosis as a pure medical disorder, neurosis has been discussed as a mental disturbance. Two types of neurosis i.e. compulsion neurosis and anxiety hysteria are found in Sarat. The symptoms of these two kinds of neurosis includes agoraphobia, ambivalence, traumatic fixation, disabled sublimation, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The reasons responsible for neurotic behavior of Sarat are sexual abuse, disturbed family unit, sibling rivalry, suppressed fear, and hatred, suppressed desires or drives, and societal norms. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-psychoanalytical-interpretation-of-omar-el-akkads-american-war-an-in-depth-study-of-sarat-chestnuts-neurosis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of Workplace Bullying on Job Satisfaction and Job Performance at School Level Sadaf Jabeen Fariha Gul Irfan Bashir Bullying Workplace Bullying Teachers Behaviors Job Satisfaction Job Performance School Level This study sought to determine the workplace bullying, job satisfaction, job performance and their effects on teachers. This quantitative study aims to highlight the issue of bullying which badly affects teachers. The sample was comprised of all schools in Lahore. A stratified random sampling strategy was used. Four hundred teachers were selected from all schools in Lahore. The questionnaire consisted of 115 items. It was designed at a Likert. Data was analyzed through SPSS. The findings show a strong relationship between workplace bullying and job satisfaction and job performance. The findings highlight that demographic variables vary among teachers. The finding of this study that workplace bullying is increasing speedily, that suggests that organizational bullying might make teachers feel uncomfortable in their jobs, causing stress. These findings may be utilized to design successful solutions for not just preventing and managing bullying; but also for making schools safer for teachers. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-workplace-bullying-on-job-satisfaction-and-job-performance-at-school-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Status of Women and Marginalized Social Classes: Pakistan's Pashtoon Society in Perspective Anfal Afridi Javeria Noor Sawal Bibi Sara Pashtuns Women Lower Social Class Marginalization Patriarchy The prehistoric code of conduct, morality, conscience, and reprisal, known as 'Pukhtunwali,' struggled to regain its prominence during colonial rule. However, women and lower social classes were continually denied their fundamental rights. In the patriarchal Pashtun society, women's role remained limited, despite the notable contributions of several women in literature, work fields, and administrative functions. Unfortunately, women were often disregarded, and lower social classes had no rights, even though they constituted the basic unit of society and contributed their labour to society's progress. This paper aims to examine the status of women and the marginalized social classes in Pakistani society. The article explores how these groups were denied their rights and how the lack of recognition of their contributions negatively impacted society. The paper concludes by highlighting the need to address these inequalities to create a more equitable society that respects all its members. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Qurtuba University of Science & Information Technology, Hayatabad, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. BS Honours Graduate, Department of Political Science, Women University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-status-of-women-and-marginalized-social-classes-pakistans-pashtoon-society-in-perspective- https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Psychological Effects of Political Talk Shows on Youth Atiya Dar Saleem Akhtar Saqib Ali Cultivation Theory Political Talk Shows Psychological Effects Examining the determinants of cultivation theory in today's society on the political attitudes of viewers is the foremost consideration of this research. Scholarly journals' investigations indicate that political talk shows have the influence to cultivate political knowledge among the viewers. This article studied consumption patterns and the psychological effects of political talk shows on males and females. It investigated how the political discourse of media cultivates political behaviour. For the purpose of the investigation, a survey method technique was employed to take the responses from 200 respondents, 100 from each segment males and females. Results revealed consumption patterns of political talk shows that cultivate negative psychological effects on viewers. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, University of Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. Senior Lecturer, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, University of Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-psychological-effects-of-political-talk-shows-on-youth https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Portrayal of Women in TV Advertisements and its Impact on their Mental Health Noor Ul Ain Nasir Abdul Basit Muhammad Sumair Ahmad Portrayal Mental health Gender stereotypes Objectification Advertisement The portrayal of perfect images of women in television advertisements has been studied extensively in Western media. However, women's representation in Pakistani advertisements has received little attention. Therefore, this research study was intended to explore the influence of the portrayal of perfect idealized images appearing in television advertisements and their associated effects on the mental health of women. A survey was conducted and a questionnaire was filled out by 360 female students from the University Management and Technology. The participants were asked about the perfect images of models and about their experiences being exposed to such images. Furthermore, the researcher employed the social comparison theory in order to provide the theoretical framework of the study. The results suggested that the majority of women agreed that they get disappointed after watching models having slim bodies, spotless skin and fair complexion in the Pakistani advertisements. The findings concluded that such portrayal is Psychologically harming women. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-portrayal-of-women-in-tv-advertisements-and-its-impact-on-their-mental-health https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effect of Organizational Learning Culture on Teachers' Self-Efficacy at the Secondary Level Fayyaz Ahmad Muhammad Akram Muhammad Irfan Malik Teacher Self-efficacy Organizational Learning Culture Secondary Education The study aimed to find out the effect of organizational learning culture on teachers’ self-efficacy at the secondary level. An organizational learning culture is a process to measure how quality dimensions such as inquiry and dialogue, continuous learning, team learning, empowerment, systems connection, providing leadership, and integrated systems were implemented within the school. Teacher self-efficacy is defined as how quality factors such as engagement of students, strategies for instruction, and management of the classroom were implemented by teachers. Multiple sampling techniques were employed to obtain data from teachers (N=729) selected randomly through involving two tools; the Dimension of Learning Culture questionnaire (DLCQ) developed by Watkins and Marsick (1996) and the Teacher Sense of Self Efficacy Scale (TSES) developed by Tchannen and Hoy (2001). The study revealed that organizational learning culture was above average, while the teacher self-efficacy was also found an above average. The study determined a moderate relationship between both the variables (r=.41) and a 32% variance in teacher self- efficacy could also be explained through an organizational learning culture. The study involved a small sample size, future studies might be conducted involving a larger sample size to get a more vivid picture. Humanity Publications Elementary School Teacher, Department of Punjab School Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Institute of Education & Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-organizational-learning-culture-on-teachers-selfefficacy-at-the-secondary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Role of Socio-cultural Factors to Improve English Language Skills at Secondary School Level in Multan Division Humera Bhatti Namra Munir Shamim Sociocultural Factors English Learning Skills Secondary Schools English is taught in secondary schools in various countries, often as a required or recommended topic. Students need to want to learn the language. There are many reasons students should learn English, and schools can use these to encourage their pupils. The study's primary goal is to identify the contribution of cultural elements to the development of secondary school students' proficiency in English. It was an exercise in purely descriptive research. In order to get a representative sample of the population, the researchers adopted a multistage sampling strategy. The statistical methods of the mean score, standard deviation, and t-test were applied to the gathered data. In conclusion, secondary school students in Multan would greatly benefit from more exposure to different cultures to better their English language command. Young people's English proficiency can be fostered by creating English-speaking environments, cultural awareness, parent involvement, peer interaction, and student motivation. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Vehari Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of Education, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-sociocultural-factors-to-improve-english-language-skills-at-secondary-school-level-in-multan-division https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Analysis of the Problems Faced by the Transgender Community in Sindh: An Approach towards their Religious, Social, Economic, and Educational Issues Daleel Khan Jatoi Sumera Sindhu Samina Sindhu Transgender LGBTQ Beggary Dancing trustworthiness Guru Chellas The purpose of this research is to investigate how people are aware of the genuineness of Transgender people. It will be helpful for researchers who are still confused about many myths associated with the transgender community. A qualitative method of research has been used for the study. This research article highlights how the initial stage of transgender is started. Moreover, the study also reveals that, when the physical appearance of individuals is indicated to be unsatisfactory to fit in the ideal image of a male or a female, then people entitle them as transgender or Hijra or Khusra. It has been found through the review of the literature and methodological approaches of this article that, harsh words are often associated with the transgender community, there are looked down upon because people think they are homosexual, gay, lesbian, and queer. Mostly, they are referred to by using dishonouring, ridiculing, and insulting language, especially in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Deputy Director, School Education Literacy Department, Pakistan. MS scholar, Physiotherapy Department, Ripha International University Islamabad, Pakistan. FCPS-II, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-analysis-of-the-problems-faced-by-the-transgender-community-in-sindh-an-approach-towards-their-religious-social-economic-and-educational-issues https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Feminism in the Poem "A Century Later" by Imtiaz Dharker: A Deconstructive Analysis Huma Arif Aisha Farid Deconstruction Patriarchy Oppressed Freedom Women's Education Feminism This paper analyzes Imtiaz Dharker's poem 'A Century Later' using the critical perspective of deconstruction. Through a qualitative method, the poem's dissemination and flickering of meaning are deconstructed to derive a new sense in the context of feminism. The paper explains deconstruction as a critical theory of language and examines how it explores verbal contradictions, shifts, and implicit references in the poem to reveal the uncertainty of literary meaning and language. 'A Century Later', when studied from a Deconstructive standpoint, reveals nothing stable and unified and proves that there is no single particular meaning in the text. Visual imagery is used to unravel the struggles of women persecuted worldwide and how their perseverance drives freedom. Deconstructive analysis of this text informs us that a woman cannot be separated from her liberty and educational right. The poem illustrates the implied discourse of how dominating factors have regularized conventional beliefs in our culture and elucidates women's struggle against male superiority. Through profound analysis of the text, it is concluded that women's ability cannot be suppressed to stand against the despicable social system. Humanity Publications Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/feminism-in-the-poem-a-century-later-by-imtiaz-dharker-a-deconstructive-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Understanding the Societal Impact of Government Programs on Public School Enrollment in District Karak Shafqat Ullah Munir Khan Farid Ullah Khan Government Initiative Primary School Enrollment Complimentary Textbooks This study assessed the impact of a Government Initiative on primary school enrollment in District Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Stratified-random sampling assessed how the initiative affected public school enrolment for boys and girls. The data for this study came from Students Enrollment Proforma (SEP) and structured interviews with school administrators from a random sample of 12 principals (6 boys and 6 girls, representing the full gender distribution of the schools involved in the study). The findings indicated that providing complimentary textbooks significantly increased attendance for male and female students in the first and fifth grades. School administrators observed a positive effect on students’ enrollment and enhanced engagement in the educational process. The study recommends continuing the provision of complimentary textbooks and expanding the initiative to include free uniforms, notebooks, and stipends for students. Additionally, conducting similar studies at the provincial level is suggested to assess the overall impact of these incentives. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Education and Psychology, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education and Psychology, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/understanding-the-societal-impact-of-government-programs-on-public-school-enrollment-in-district-karak https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Media Usage and Depression: A Study of Youth in Islamabad during the Covid-19 Aiza Asad Ayesha Zahid Farwa Kunwal Karachi Pakistan Social Work Youth Development The COVID-19 changed lives in many ways. Social media had been shown to increase during the pandemic among youngsters. Due to the fear of missing out and staying connected, people started getting addicted to it. Social cognitive theory has been used in the study of social media use, depression, and social connectedness. This theory posits that individuals' attitudes, behaviour, and emotions are shaped by cognitive processes. This study utilizes the same theory to examine how increased social media usage affected youngsters psychologically during the pandemic. Utilizing a survey, a sample has been chosen from the youth of Islamabad using a simple random sampling technique. Findings revealed that youth felt depressed after using social media and the females were affected more than men. However, social media made them feel socially connected to each other. Future studies can analyse the reasons behind this depression and help find ways to tackle it. Humanity Publications BS Graduate, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Senior Lecturer, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Senior Lecturer, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-media-usage-and-depression-a-study-of-youth-in-islamabad-during-the-covid19 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Critical Discourse Analysis of Muniba Mazari's Motivational Speeches: Annihilating Conventional Construction of Disability, Gender, Perfection, and Existence Saira Abbas Sibtain Aslam Najam Un Nisa Muniba Mazari Critical Discourse Analysis Stylistic Analysis Maslow's Pyramid Traditional Perceptions Gender Disability Perfection Existence Identity This paper presents a critical discourse analysis of Muniba Mazari's motivational speeches, focusing on deconstructing conventional notions related to disability, gender, perfection, and existence. The study combines stylistic analysis, motivational theory, and critical discourse analysis frameworks to examine the uniqueness of Mazari's speeches. Drawing on the theoretical concepts proposed by Leech and Short (2007), Maslow's Pyramid (1943), and Fairclough (2003), the analysis scrutinizes traditional perceptions through language choices and discourse formation. The stylistic analysis section utilizes Leech and Short's (2007) framework to thoroughly explore the literary devices employed by Mazari to convey her message and persuade the audience. In line with Fairclough's (2003) framework, the critical discourse analysis section examines Mazari's language choices and discourse structures, revealing her engagement in a contemporary discourse that challenges traditional binary oppositions and constructs a fresh understanding of gender, disability, perfection, and existence. Maslow's Pyramid (1943) framework investigates Mazari's speeches' psychological and motivational aspects, highlighting how she influences the audience's psychology and motivates them. This research offers new insights that counter conventional notions and promote a novel perception of gender, disability, perfection, and existence, providing an intellectual understanding of Mazari's figurative language and thematic exploration. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English and Literary Studies, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/critical-discourse-analysis-of-muniba-mazaris-motivational-speeches-annihilating-conventional-construction-of-disability-gender-perfection-and-existence https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Narcissism and Self-Perceived Flourishing Komal Nayyar Maryam Munir Ivan Suneel Samuel Narcissistic Trait Self-perceived Flourishing Wellbeing With the increased use of technology and social media, narcissism as a personality trait has been seen to increase in the general population. It is necessary to study the relationship between narcissistic traits and self-perceived flourishing as narcissistic individuals might perceive to have positive well-being which can open more areas for research for not just narcissism but the emerging field of positive psychology. Convenience sampling was used to administer a self-report online questionnaire on 338 undergraduate students of Forman Christian College. Narcissistic Personality Inventory-40 and the Flourishing scale were used as instruments. This study looked into the strength and direction of the relationship between the two variables and the gender differences that might exist between them. Descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation and Multivariate Analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to analyze the data. There was a weak and positive correlation between narcissistic traits and self-perceived flourishing while gender differences were found in narcissistic traits. Humanity Publications BS Student, Department of Psychology, Forman Christian College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Forman Christian College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Psychology, Forman Christian College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/narcissism-and-selfperceived-flourishing https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Unveiling Women's Empowerment: Exploring the Liberation Movement in Saudi Arabia Rachel Aruna Hasan Anam Muzamill Muhammad Saqib Saleem Women's liberation Saudi Arabia Social development Political change Gender rights Media coverage In 2018, Saudi Arabia underwent significant social and political transformations led by Crown Prince Muhammad bin Salman as part of the National Transformation Program. The program aimed to bring about economic prosperity, cultural progressiveness, and political favorability within the country. One of the most ground breaking changes during this period was the removal of the driving ban for women, which had profound implications for both Saudi Arabian society and the global community. This research focuses on analyzing the portrayal of gender rights in online media publications and websites. A quantitative content analysis methodology was employed to investigate various aspects of media coverage related to women's rights. A sample of eight international online articles was selected for analysis, specifically examining the lifting of the driving ban and the overall development of gender rights in Saudi Arabia. Media frames were identified, and distinct categories were established to assess the perspectives presented in the articles. Humanity Publications Facilitator, Native Council of Prince Edward Island, Canada. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Forman Christian College University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/unveiling-womens-empowerment-exploring-the-liberation-movement-in-saudi-arabia https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring Socialist Realism in the Selected Poetry of Sanubar Hussain Mohmand Kakaji and Qalandar Mohmand Mohammad Ayaz Sikandar Hayat Afridi Shakila Naz Anti-colonial Marxism Socialist realism Progressive Ghazal Pashtu The evolution of Marxist-Leninist trends in the poetry of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is historically linked with post-October 1917 socialist realism, which was founded by Maxim Gorky (1890-1960). Sanubar Hussain Mohmand Kakaji (1898-1963) and Qalandar Mohamad (1930-2003) have translated progressive themes from Arabic, Persian, and Russian works of literature. This research explores the lives and works of these two progressive poets of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan, with reference to the existence of socialist realism in their work as well as progressive trends in their poetry. The selected themes and contents discussed in this paper clearly reflect a deep relationship with contemporary issues of the Pakhtun people and the manifest purposefulness in their nature. Like Vladimir Mayakovski, and Gorky, the two Russian poets, Kakaji and Qalandar introduced and progressed socialist realism in the Pashtu literature. In this paper, an effort is made to highlight the progressivism and purposefulness' in the selected poetry of these two poets, along with the presentation of excerpts from their poetry with English translation. Humanity Publications Lecturer/In-Charge Chairman, Department of Pakistan Studies, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Government Girls Post-Graduate College, Kohat, KP, Pakistan 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-socialist-realism-in-the-selected-poetry-of-sanubar-hussain-mohmand-kakaji-and-qalandar-mohmand https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Khyber Pakhtunkhwa under the Specter of Wahhabism Saqib Shah Fakhar Bilal Wahhabism Culture Terrorism Pakhtuns Syed Ahmad Barelvi For the past few centuries Pakhtun population had witnessed a number of internal and external challenges i.e., colonialism, tribalism and terrorism. Despite being resilient in the face of growing challenges, they have been subjugated by external forces of Power with ruthlessness. Today Pakhtuns residing on both sides of the Durand line are faced with yet another threat to their existence from religious fundamentalism; the roots of which lie in the infiltration of Wahhabism into the subcontinent in the Nineteenth century. The Specter of Wahhabism has completely altered the outlook of the Pakhtun culture and society transforming it into an Arab colony of the seventh century. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/khyber-pakhtunkhwa-under-the-specter-of-wahhabism https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Judicial Movement and Civil Society: A Sociological Perspective on Media's Role as Watchdog in Pakistan Zil e Huma Naveeda Irum Warsi Saniya Moazam Media Watchdog Judicial Movement Civil Society Pakistan has a vibrant media landscape. In spite of political pressure and direct bans, the media is sometimes subject to the state. Media is independent to a large extent. After having been liberalized in 2002, the television sector experienced a media boom. In the fiercely competitive environment that followed commercial interests became paramount and quality journalism gave way to sensationalism. The Pakistani media landscape reflects a multilinguistic, multi-ethnic and class-divided society. Media gives the public a platform for discussion and analyzing matters of interest. This research analyzed the role of media through qualitative content analysis. This study includes electronic journalists from Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. Concerning the qualitative content, it also includes five senior print and electronic journalists' interviews. This research had taken social responsibility theory back to this study. Media executed judicial movements and further media played its role in the erosion of military involvement in political institutions,Educating masses and endowment of human rights. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Balochistan, Pakistan Visiting Faculty, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/judicial-movement-and-civil-society-a-sociological-perspective-on-medias-role-as-watchdog-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Relationship between the Use of Social Media and Interpersonal Channels by Farmers Ashraf Iqbal Ahsan Salam Qaisar Shehzad Farooq Farmer Interpersonal Channels Agriculture Knowledge Social Media The present study is to explore how farmers in Faisalabad utilise social media and interposal channels to receive agricultural knowledge. Furthermore, the study investigated farmers’ individual socio-demographic traits and their subsequent link with the usage of social media and interpersonal communication channels. Data was gathered from 257 farmers of Faisalabad district. Among the social media Facebook is the most used media and among interpersonal channels Cosmopolite’s character of famers was rated highest. Comparatively Interpersonal channels are mostly preferred with 56% whereas social-media occupies second position with 42%. It was also revealed that use of social media has positive relationship with age, education, land size, and annual income but negatively related with the Tehsils of the farmers. On the other hand, use of interpersonally channel was found positively related with education and agricultural status and negative relationship was found with tehsil, age, land size and annual income. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D, Center for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-the-use-of-social-media-and-interpersonal-channels-by-farmers https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Unravelling the Web of Fake News: Understanding Factors Influencing Fake News Sharing Maryam Nadeem Muhammad Usman Aslam Sobia Shahzad Fake News Sharing Parasocial Interaction Information Sharing Information Seeking Status- Seeking Pass time Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) Fake news swiftly spreads throughout social media platforms, influencing public opinion, decision-making, and even societal cohesion. Understanding the elements which drive the dissemination of fake news has become an important and pressing issue in the contemporary digital environment. Through a detailed examination of data obtained from 328 young individuals, the research identifies para-social interaction, information seeking, information sharing, and status-seeking as the main driving factors for the transmission of fake news in the digital era. Conversely, the factors of passing time and fear of missing out were found to have a negligible relationship with fake news sharing, indicating a lesser impact on the spread of fake news. Additionally, the model fit as evaluated by R-square, suggested that approximately 55% of the variance in fake news sharing was explained by the independent variables included in the study. The findings of the study will help devise effective strategies to counteract the phenomenon of fake news sharing and promote media literacy. Humanity Publications Undergraduate Scholar (BS Mass Communication), Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Undergraduate Scholar (BS Mass Communication), Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/unravelling-the-web-of-fake-news-understanding-factors-influencing-fake-news-sharing https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Facilitating Inclusion through Student-Driven Strategies: Perspectives of Early Childhood Teachers in Pakistan Marryum Tahira Maimoona Anjum Faisal Anis Inclusive Education Self-directed Learning Self-management Early Childhood Teachers Perspectives Pakistan This phenomenological study explores early childhood teachers’ perspectives on using student-driven classroom management strategies to facilitate inclusive education. Twelve teachers from nine inclusive schools in Lahore, Pakistan, participated in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis of transcripts provides insights into teacher views on utilising self-directed approaches to promote positive student outcomes. Most teachers recognise the value of self-management strategies like self-monitoring and self-evaluation to improve student autonomy, behaviour, and learning.However, developmental, and disability-related challenges may limit young learners’ usage of such strategies. Findings indicate that student-driven approaches are promising but require training on scaffolded implementation, considering diverse learner characteristics. Self-directed methods should be integral to teacher preparation and inclusive education policies. The study addresses a knowledge gap and has implications for enhancing inclusive practices during early schooling. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Graduate, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. District Education Officer (JHE), Literacy & Non-Formal Basic Education Department, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/facilitating-inclusion-through-studentdriven-strategies-perspectives-of-early-childhood-teachers-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring the Interplay of Work, Family, Community Engagement, and Health: A Comprehensive Analysis Hafsah Batool Rubab Aslam Malik Ayza Shaukat Work-Family Conflict Community Participation Health Well-Being Multiple Regression Analysis This study examines the intricate interplay between work, family, community involvement, and health, aiming to shed light on their mutual influences. Through cross-sectional survey data from employed adults in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, the research employs rigorous multiple regression analysis. Results highlight that work-family conflict negatively impacts community engagement and health, while family-work conflict surprisingly boosts community participation. Notably, a positive link exists between community involvement and health. The study underscores the need for effective work-family policies to promote work-life balance. Recognizing work-family conflict's negative effects on the community and health, employers must foster supportive measures. Encouragingly, active community engagement enhances overall well-being, emphasizing its role in health. By elucidating these complex relationships, the research advocates holistic well-being approaches, encompassing work-life equilibrium, family dynamics, and community engagement. Humanity Publications Lecturer/Head of International Resource Centre, Department of Economics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Visitor, Department of Economics, University of Education Lahore (Vehari Campus), Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-interplay-of-work-family-community-engagement-and-health-a-comprehensive-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Role of Local Government in Community Development in Pakistan Abdul Ghafoor Zahoor Khan Rahat Shabbir Decentralizing Industrialization Sustainable Mechanisms Decision-making Local governments play pivotal role in fostering and facilitating community development, a vital aspect of societal progress. This research aims to explore and analyze the multifaceted role of local governments in community development initiatives. Through an extensive literature review and case studies, this study investigates the key responsibilities, challenges, and best practices employed by local governments to ameliorate conditions of their communities. The research delves into the various aspects of community development, including social, economic, and environmental dimensions. It examines how local governments engage with stakeholders—residents, community organizations, and businesses—to identify needs, set priorities, and implement strategies tailored to the unique characteristics of their regions. Furthermore, the study investigates the policy frameworks, funding mechanisms, and resources that local governments utilize to support community development projects. The research relies upon qualitative methods and data collection mainly from official documents and research. Findings from this research helps not only understanding challenges and means employed to address them by local governments in community development. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Centre for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Head, Department of Political Science, Edwards College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Centre for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-local-government-in-community-development-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Politics versus Women of the East: A Study of Sabyn Javeri's Nobody Killed Her Rimsha Jabeen Hafiz Muhammad Waseem Political Feminism Patriarchy Identity Crisis Postcolonial This Women have always been subjected to discrimination and patriarchal subordination. The study is carried out on "Nobody killed her'' (2017), written by Pakistani author Sabyn Javeri Jillani. This study investigates the major constraints faced by Eastern women within political systems and the conspiracy theories they are being subjected to. The study is analyzed qualitatively from a political perspective. Paul Ricoeur's theory of "Feminist Political Philosophy has been investigated for further research. The findings reveal if society is very stiff in terms of norms and culture, then even if the women might be trying their level best to come and yet are driven by the patriarchy. This leads to the belief that despite efforts, patriarchy tends to be a dominant hurdle which multiplies the patriarchal influence on women’s lives, according to the picture painted within the novel which leads to the loss of self-confidence and a psychological fear of dependence within women. Humanity Publications English Lecturer, Department of History, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Graduation in English Literature and Linguistics, Department of English, University of Wah, Wah, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/politics-versus-women-of-the-east-a-study-of-sabyn-javeris-nobody-killed-her https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Autoethnography of Bullying and University Climate: A University Student’s Lived Experiences Hanana Sultan Iqra Sharif Bullying Autoethnography School Climate Student Experience Phenomenology Bystander Intervention Youth Participatory Research Bullying remains a salient issue facing university students, necessitating continued research from diverse methodological lenses. This autoethnographic study explores bullying and climate issues from an insider student perspective. The researcher leverages their personal experiences with bullying victimisation and witnessing as current university students. Through reflective writing, they provide detailed first-person accounts of specific bullying events and perceptions of the broader campus climate. Qualitative analysis of these emotive narratives reveals key themes around the persistence of bullying behaviours, complex bystander dynamics, unsupportive institutional responses, and protective factors like inclusive climate and student empowerment that could be expanded upon. While limited in generalizability, the findings demonstrate autoethnography's potential for generating nuanced, experiential insights on bullying complementing traditional prevalence data. Practical implications highlight opportunities for anti-bullying education, policy improvements, youth-adult partnership, and further research centred on student voices. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-autoethnography-of-bullying-and-university-climate-a-university-students-lived-experiences https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Use of Stress Coping Strategies among Students with Hearing Impairment: A Gendered-Comparative Study Maliha Riaz Shazia Anwar Hearing impairment (HI) stress coping strategies gender differences A Gendered- Comparative Study The main purpose of this study was to identify coping strategies used by males and females with hearing impairment to deal with stress. A causal-comparative study was conducted with a purposive sample of 165 students. Religious coping, positive reinterpretation, and planning were the most common strategies. Females used religious coping more than males, while males used substance use more than females. There was a significant gender difference in the use of problem-focused strategies but not emotion-focused strategies. Age was positively correlated with religious coping, indicating older students used it more. No relationship was found between age and the use of emotion-focused or problem-focused strategies. No significant difference was found in strategy use based on student qualification. This study has implications for students with disabilities, parents, and teachers. Humanity Publications Sign Language Interpreter, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Sign Language Interpreter, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/use-of-stress-coping-strategies-among-students-with-hearing-impairment-a-genderedcomparative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Study the Relationship between Parenting Style and Child-Parent Relationship on Students' Achievement at the Elementary Level Mubbsher Shahzad Huma Lodhi Muhammad Siddique Parenting Style Child-Parent Relationship Students Elementary Level Education This study aims to find the relationship of parenting style, child parent relationship and student achievement at elementary level. Questionnaires were used for collection of data and sample were comprised 500 parents and 500 students selecting by the random sampling. The results shows that majority of the parent use authoritative parenting style (PS) and student response reveal that their relationship with parent was positive relation. The relationship of PS with child-parent (CP) relationship was positive weak relationship and parenting style with student achievement score was negative weak relationship). Results also show significantly weak and negative relationship between PS and child parent relationship. A majority style of parents is authoritative and child parent relation was positive relation. This reflects the fact that the student has positive relation with their parent and parent has mutually understanding with their child. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/study-the-relationship-between-parenting-style-and-childparent-relationship-on-students-achievement-at-the-elementary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Through the Eyes of a Target: An Auto Ethnographic Account of Bullying in University Iqra Sharif Hanana Sultan Binish Jameel bullying harassment autoethnography bystander effect university climate This autoethnography examines my personal experiences with bullying as a university student, both as a target and a bystander. Through critical reflection on vignettes from my memories, I identify key themes related to the dynamics, impacts, and systemic factors surrounding bullying in this setting. Findings reveal diverse manifestations of bullying, from overt harassment to microaggressions. Victims are targeted for perceived differences, leading to profound psychological impacts. Bystanders often fail to intervene due to discomfort with confrontation or fear of social repercussions, implicitly enabling bullying. University climate and leadership also play a key role in either inhibiting or perpetuating bullying behaviours. The study illuminates the need for multilayered interventions encompassing culture change, education, policy reform, and youth activism. While limited to one perspective, this account provides an evocative, nuanced look into the lived experience of bullying. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/through-the-eyes-of-a-target-an-auto-ethnographic-account-of-bullying-in-university https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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From the Culture of Silence to the Culture of Expression: A Meta- Analysis of the Pedagogies Adopted at Higher Education Institutions Jamil Ahmad Bilal Shaukat Learner-centred Instruction (LCI) Teacher-centered Instruction (TCI) Critical Thinking (CT) Freedom of Expression Culture of Silence The current study is a meta-analysis of the pedagogies adopted at higher educational institutions. The study focuses on learner-centered instruction, which leads to a culture of expression in contrast to teacher-centered learning, which creates a culture of silence. Students have the opportunity to critically evaluate prevailing educational, social and political structures and put their understandings of the subject matter. Social reality is constructed through active participation in higher education institutions and the presence of teachers. Students have liberty and freedom of expression in the discussion and critique of the issues. In critical pedagogy, students are encouraged to critically evaluate established patterns associated with educational institutions in particular and society in general. Humanity Publications Project Director, Pir Roshaan Institute of Progressive Sciences and Technologies, Miran Shah, North Waziristan, KP, Pakistan. Director, Institute of Peace & Conflict Studies, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/from-the-culture-of-silence-to-the-culture-of-expression-a-meta-analysis-of-the-pedagogies-adopted-at-higher-education-institutions https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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"The Riches of Ancient Pakistan: A Magnet for Invaders throughout History" Chaman Hussain Ancient Pakistan Invaders Resources Cultural Exchange History This research article delves into the historical narrative of ancient Pakistan, a region consistently sought after by invaders due to its abundant resources. Encompassing present-day Pakistan and parts of northern India, it has been a focal point for invasions and migrations over millennia. Its allure can be attributed to fertile lands, rivers, and mineral wealth supporting flourishing civilizations like the Indus Valley and Mauryan empires. Early invasions by Aryan tribes, Alexander's conquest, and Ashoka's Mauryan Empire marked significant chapters in the region's history. Islamic conquests in the 7th and 8th centuries introduced a new era, leading to the establishment of Islamic empires. The Mughals, drawn by the region's potential, brought cultural fusion. In the 19th century, British colonization further underlined its significance. This article highlights ancient Pakistan's enduring appeal, as a land of abundant resources and cultural diversity that has continuously attracted invaders, shaping the region's history and its role in human civilization. Humanity Publications PhD. Scholar, Department of History and Pakistan Studies. University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-riches-of-ancient-pakistan-a-magnet-for-invaders-throughout-history https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Influence of Design Thinking in Integrated STEAM Inquiry-Based Learning on Primary School Students' Empathy and Confidence Mohammad Ahmed Khan Asma Shahid Kazi Abira Ismat Butt Design Thinking STEAM Education Empathy Confidence Inquiry-Based Learning This study explores the impact of integrating design thinking into STEAM inquiry-based lessons on the development of empathy and confidence among primary school students. Students of grade 5 from a school for the underprivileged were taught integrated STEAM through inquiry-based design challenges for three months. This study focuses on the potential of the Design Thinking process within STEAM to enhance empathy and confidence among students. They exhibited high collaboration levels, effective communication, and problem-solving abilities. The design thinking process fostered empathy by making students consider user perspectives. The implications highlight the importance of explicitly teaching empathy and providing real-world examples during the design thinking process to help students understand and prioritize human needs. This dynamic approach transforms learning, making it engaging, relevant, and reflective of the real world. Design thinking in integrated STEAM lessons is a promising approach to enhancing empathy, confidence, and problem-solving skills in primary school students. Humanity Publications Psychology Scholar, Department of ISL, Advanced Level, International School Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Elementary and Teacher Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Elementary and Teacher Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/influence-of-design-thinking-in-integrated-steam-inquirybased-learning-on-primary-school-students-empathy-and-confidence https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Politics of Left-Wing and Right-Wing in Pakistan: A Critical Appreciation Amer Liaquat Chatha Left Wing Marxist Progressive This research article provides an insightful understanding of the politics of right and left wing considering the ideological foundations since the pre-partition era and its connotation in the political landscape of Pakistan. Various political organisations emerged venturing secular, socialist, and progressive adherences protecting the rights of peasants, labour unions, minorities and disenfranchised segments of the society through economic and social equality. On the other hand, right-wing encapsulates the nationalist, conservative, and religious orientation mustering support from clergy and conservative strata of society. Furthermore, this paper investigates how these two narratives assisted Pakistan in formulating external and domestic policies taking into account their success and failure in national and global contexts. Humanity Publications Deputy Director Research Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-politics-of-leftwing-and-rightwing-in-pakistan-a-critical-appreciation https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Collaboration, Frustration, and Exhilaration: A Qualitative Exploration of Team Presentation Experiences Yasira Waqar Aisha Mahmood Sajid Masood Group Presentation Teamwork Student Experience Framework Analysis Reflective Accounts Group presentations are commonly used in higher education for developing transferable skills among students. However, the complexities of teamwork also lead to varied challenges. This study aimed to explore students’ experiences of undertaking group presentations using a descriptive qualitative approach. Fifteen reflective accounts of graduate students about a team presentation task were analysed using framework analysis. The findings revealed four major themes–preparation, emotional experiences, perceived learning outcomes, and recommendations. Preparation involved dividing work, planning meetings, and gathering content. Emotions like nervousness, excitement, and frustration were experienced at different phases. Key learning outcomes were presentation skills, research abilities, and appreciating diversity, but time management needed improvement. Better planning, role clarity, and anxiety management were suggested for future presentations. The findings largely resonate with existing literature while also providing contextual insights into the real-world experiences of learners. Results can inform instructional design and learning support for enhancing team-based presentation competencies. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Syed Ahsan Ali and Syed Maratib Ali School of Education, LUMS, Lahore, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of STEM Education, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/collaboration-frustration-and-exhilaration-a-qualitative-exploration-of-team-presentation-experiences https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Challenges in Accessibility: Exam Preparation for Students with Low Vision in Pakistan Afshan Khalid Faran Ahmed Faisal Anis Low Vision Visual Impairment Exam Accommodations Accessibility Pakistan Students with low vision in Pakistan face barriers to accessing accommodations and preparing for exams due to inaccessible learning materials, lack of supportive services, and inadequate school infrastructure. Interviews with 15 students in Lahore revealed inaccessibility to large print books, assistive tech, and other accommodations inhibited learning and exam prep. Students also noted a lack of services like accessible transportation and signage, and teaching methods that fail to accommodate low vision. Moreover, negative attitudes and policies created barriers. The inaccessible environment made exam preparation difficult compared to sighted peers. Significant gaps exist in meeting the needs of students with low vision in Pakistan. Recommendations aim to improve accessibility and inclusion for exam preparation. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Institute of Special Education, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. English Language Trainer, Future Institute of O-level and A-level, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/challenges-in-accessibility-exam-preparation-for-students-with-low-vision-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Association of University Culture with its Research Productivity Misbah Iqbal Sahibzada Shamim ur Rasul Anila Ali Supportive Culture Research Productivity General Public Universities The purpose of the study is to explore the association between the culture of the university and its research productivity. The population of the study were all the faculty members of all the general public sector universities of Punjab Pakistan. Five general public sector universities of Punjab were selected then four departments from five randomly selected faculties were randomly selected from each university then from each department, 50% of faculty members were randomly selected. Two self-developed research instruments i.e., the 'Supportive Culture scale', and 'Checklist for research productivity' validated through experts' opinions and pilot testing were used, reliability coefficient Cronbach Alpha for the Supportive Culture scale and checklist were 0.92 and 0.95 respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman rho. A moderate positive correlation between supportive culture and the research productivity of universities was found. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Institute of Education, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Institute of Education, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Institute of Education, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/association-of-university-culture-with-its-research-productivity https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Advocating for Changing Stereotypical Image of the Status of Women in Pakistani Society Abida Khatoon Noman Ahmad Ansari Media Advocacy Stereotypical Image Women Delphi Method Television The role of media organs especially TV channels is very important in the rise and fall of any society. This study significantly discusses two variables; one is the media portrayal of women and the other is women's image and status in society. This study uses qualitative approach based on the "Delphi method" identifying approaches of media advocacy for disrupting the stereotypical image of women. The current research concludes that Pakistani media is on the path of commercialism and currently reporting on women's unequal balance between media portrayal and her actual status in society and portraying violence, sexism, commodification, patriarchal system, low self-esteem that the faithful, obedient and timid characters. Even the character of the well-educated strong woman is shown as a weak character. They should have programs where women inspire. There are so many such female role models here in this country that usually highlight their achievements in Pakistani media. Humanity Publications Chairperson, Working Women Welfare Trust, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/advocating-for-changing-stereotypical-image-of-the-status-of-women-in-pakistani-society https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).37 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Gender at Workplace: A Study of Challenges and Pressures Faced by Journalists Hifsa Arshad Sumera Batool Media Economic priorities Roles of men and women ender status Stereotypes Public discourse is shaped by the media, which in turn affects political, cultural, and economic objectives. It also  establishes how men and women play different roles in society. The researcher wants to explore the status of both genders in media organizations and discuss the professional and financial hindrances they have faced. Gender roles and gender-based ideas have an impact on both male and female assertiveness, as the attention and appraisal they receive based on their performance, their capacity for influence, and their inclination to become leaders. For example, males are expected to always be the household breadwinners, while females are expected to care for their husbands and children at home. Whether we're discussing gender, race, or colour doesn't matter. As with any stereotype, hinders men, and women from speaking to each other effectively. They may even incite conflict and strife, which lowers productivity and business morale. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gender-at-workplace-a-study-of-challenges-and-pressures-faced-by-journalists https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).38 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Violence Against Women: A Cross Sectional Study Conducted in Malakand, Pakistan Sardar Abbas Rasheed Hussain Ali Zaitoon Bibi Women Violence Causes of VAW Consequences Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan The term violence against women means any act of gender-based violence that results in psychological, physical, sexual harm, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring both private and public life. Researchers used a quantitative study approach with simple random sampling techniques. Researchers selected sample group 384 women and girls were aged 15-49 years. However, data was collected from 356 women while 28 were refused. The researchers analyzed the data with inferential statistics regression test to draw linear relationship between dependent and independent variables. The results shows that main causes of VAW are; women position, demand of education/employment, lower family caste, demand of health, gender stereotype and political participation. The health consequences are; women attempting suicide, unintended pregnancies, miscarriage, low birth/still birth and women died due to violence. The study concluded that VAW is a serious social issue in the study area and it’s badly affect women. It is recommended that to include lesson related to VAW and bring awareness regarding women rights Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP,Pakistan PhD scholar, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/violence-against-women-a-cross-sectional-study-conducted-in-malakand-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).39 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Influence of Smartphones on Childhood Trauma (Behavior): A Narrative Analysis of Secondary School at Karachi Naseem Abdul Karim Sadia Mumtaz Muhammad Naeem Smartphone Childhood Trauma Behavior Karachi The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of smartphones on childhood trauma, particularly in the behavior of secondary school students in Karachi. The study used a qualitative approach and a sample size of ten (10) respondents, collected through snowball sampling. The data was gathered through structured interviews and analyzed using narrative and thematic analysis. The results indicated that excessive use of smartphones has negative effects on child behavior, including family and friend relationships, passions, and self-esteem. Moreover, the disproportionate smartphone use leads to reduced facial interaction, and increased loneliness, depression, stress, and anxiety among children. Children may also become disinterested in other activities due to the ease of accessing anything from anywhere through smartphones. The study recommends that parents monitor their children's social media use, be aware of the websites and games they visit, and encourage a balanced use of smartphones. Humanity Publications M. Phil Scholar, Department of Education, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. M. Phil Scholar, Department of Education, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. M. Phil Scholar, Department of Education, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/influence-of-smartphones-on-childhood-trauma-behavior-a-narrative-analysis-of-secondary-school-at-karachi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).40 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Rethinking the Nexus: Eco-feminist Discourse on Femininity, Nature, and the 'Other' in Morrison and Hurston’s Works Amna Aziz Suman Naeem Zaib un Nisa Environment Feminism Gender Degradation Other and Culture The patriarchal norm is seen as being threatened by powerful women (Normandin, 2020). This study pens down the ecofeminist discourse found in Morrison's and Hurston's literary works. This scrutiny examines how these significant   writers confront the devaluation of the feminine, nature, and the "Other," focusing on Morrison's "Beloved" and "Song of Solomon" and Hurston's "Their Eyes Were Watching God." Morrison deftly interweaves the challenges of African American women with the natural environment In a similar vein, Hurston emphasizes the interconnectedness of race, gender, and ecology in her writing, which is firmly anchored in African American folklore and tells a story that links women's experiences to the natural world. Amid social and ecological issues, this scrutiny invites readers to reevaluate the ties between women, nature, and society systems by highlighting the fundamental interconnection addressed in their works. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, College of International Studies, Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Southwest University Chongqing, 400715 China. BS (Hons) English Language and Literature, Department of English Studies, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil, Department of English Literature, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/rethinking-the-nexus-ecofeminist-discourse-on-femininity-nature-and-the-other-in-morrison-and-hurstons-works https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).41 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Deconstructing the Socialization of Female Child in Filter's Child Labor in America Faiza Ali Raza Nailah Riaz Child Labour Socialization Deconstruction Legal Struggle Children's Rights Multidisciplinary Approach Power Dynamics Economics Culture Legal Frameworks The significant child rights cases, socializing and dissecting child labor. We need historical, sociological, and legal research on the causes of child labor. The thesis uses legal, sociological, and critical theory to examine how power, economics, culture, and law contribute to and sustain child labor. The deconstructive approach looks into the social, cultural, and economic causes of child labor. Child work socialization is impacted by gender, money, education, and culture. It examines how power functions in social and financial systems, corporations, networks, and families. This study looks at texts, ideas, and conversations that elevate kids' creativity regardless of morality while standardizing and promoting their art. This abstract demonstrates how current laws don't work to prevent the socialization of child labor. This study suggests fostering young children's socialization by addressing ingrained structural and social inequalities. We must challenge traditions, spread knowledge, and strengthen communities if we are to stop child labor and create lasting solutions. Humanity Publications M.Phil English Literature, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor/ Head, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/deconstructing-the-socialization-of-female-child-in-filters-child-labor-in-america https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).42 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Reading Difficulties Faced by Dyslexic Learners of English: an Exploratory Study at Govt. Special Education Center, Ahmad Pur Sial Jhang Naveed Ur Rehman Manaf Ali Shah Dyslexia semi-structured deficit Phonological dyslexia Visual dyslexia This research focuses on discerning the reading barriers faced by dyslexic English learners at Ahmad Pur Sial, Special Education Center in Jhang, employing a qualitative methodology. The study selects students in the first and second grades of the Govt. Special Education Centre in A.P. Sial, Jhang. Data collection methods include on-site observation and semi-structured interviews conducted with two female teachers and the principal. The outcomes of the research unveil diverse reading challenges facing dyslexic learners, encompassing phonological dyslexia, visual dyslexia, dysphonic dyslexia, rapid naming deficit, and double deficit. The study underscores significant implications for the effective pedagogy of special children within educational institutions. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Faculty of English Language and Literature, University of Central Punjab , Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Faculty of English Language and Literature, University of Central Punjab , Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/reading-difficulties-faced-by-dyslexic-learners-of-english-an-exploratory-study-at-govt-special-education-center-ahmad-pur-sial-jhang https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).43 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Role of Aerobic Training on Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Female College Teachers of Bahawalpur City Sidra Naz Ishrat Naheed Muhammad Zafar Hussain Aerobic Training Physical Fitness Body Composition Health Status This investigation is about the role of an eight-week aerobic training program on the physical fitness and body composition of female college teachers. Sixty participants were divided into an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The selected variables were skinfolds, girths, lengths, breadths, agility, flexibility, 30-meter race, set-up, and skipping rope. All measurements were obtained before starting the aerobic training program and post-test after eight weeks of training. One-way ANOVAs were employed for comparative analysis between the experimental and control groups. Results indicated the experimental group significantly improved in iliac-crest skinfold (p < .02), arm girth (p < .00), thigh girth (p < .05), 30 m run (p < .00), flexibility (p < .00), set-up (p < .00), and skipping rope (p < .00). It is concluded that eight-week aerobic training is suitable female college teachers to improve physical fitness and reduce body fats. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Government Post Graduate College (w), Dubai Mahal, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Senior Clerk, Sadiq Egerton College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-aerobic-training-on-physical-fitness-and-body-composition-of-female-college-teachers-of-bahawalpur-city https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).44 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Peace Promoting Concepts in Curriculum at Secondary and Higher Secondary Level in Punjab: A Text Analysis Mumtaz Khan Sobia Rashid Shafqat Rasool Peace Promote Concepts Sufficient Curriculum Secondary Peace is essential to the economic, social, and scientific development of a country. Education plays a vital role in the establishment of peace in the country. The curriculum is a basic component of the educational system and plays a significant role as a change agent. The purpose of the study was to explore peace-promoting concepts in the curriculum at secondary and higher secondary levels in Punjab. For this purpose, books of compulsory subjects at secondary and higher secondary levels were selected by purpose/judgment sampling. Collected data were analyzed by applying the technique of text analysis. The results reveal that compulsory subjects such as English, Urdu, Islamic Education, and Pakistan studies have sufficient peace-promoting concepts in the form of stories, novels, poetry, prose, protection of human rights, the role of UNO in peacebuilding, Ahadith, verses of the Holy Quran, and the last address of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).  However, Pakistan studies need more peace-promoting concepts. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Government. Graduate College 18 Hazari Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor (IPFP), Department of Education, Baba Guru Nanak University Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/peace-promoting-concepts-in-curriculum-at-secondary-and-higher-secondary-level-in-punjab-a-text-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).45 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Study of Subalternity in Muhammad Hanif's "Our Lady of Alice Bhatti" and "Red Birds" Amara Khan Alterity Feminism Othering Postcolonial theory Spivak Subalternity The study is an exploration of Haneef’s novels, Our Lady of Alice Bhatti (2011) and Red Birds (2018). The study aims to explore the condition of the subaltern in both novels. Spivak’s theory of subalterns from her essay Can the Subaltern Speak? is used to understand the subaltern condition and their developing resistance against the existing power structures. The research is qualitative in nature. Purposive sampling of textual lines is done to analyze the text related to the subaltern. Findings reveal that Alice and Mother Dear (subalterns) face othering in different forms throughout the novels, search for their true identity and develop resistance against patriarchal society. The study is significant as it contributes to understanding the trends of contemporary Pakistani literature in representing women. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-study-of-subalternity-in-muhammad-hanifs-our-lady-of-alice-bhatti-and-red-birds https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).46 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Green Journalism in Focus: Investigating Challenges and Perspectives in Climate Change Reporting within Pakistani Media Rabia Noor Kashan Huma Zafar Green Journalism Environmental Reporting Pakistan Climate Change Pakistani Journalists In- depth Interviews Survey Mixed Method Research This comprehensive study explores the landscape of green journalism and climate change reporting among Pakistani journalists, employing a mixed-methods approach of 20 qualitative interviews and a survey involving 110 journalists. Anchored in Agenda-Setting Theory and Environmental Communication Theory, the research seeks to validate hypotheses concerning the impact of journalists' training on their perspectives, reporting quality, and the broader media agenda regarding climate change. By integrating insights from qualitative interviews with quantitative data from the survey, the research provides a holistic understanding of the intricate dynamics shaping green journalism and climate change reporting in Pakistan. The findings underscore the importance of structured training initiatives, increased awareness, and improved technological capacity to enhance journalists' effectiveness in addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by climate change. The study contributes valuable insights for media organizations, policymakers, and stakeholders aiming to improve environmental reporting and awareness in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, School of Creative Arts, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Scholar, School of Creative Arts, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom. 2023-01-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/green-journalism-in-focus-investigating-challenges-and-perspectives-in-climate-change-reporting-within-pakistani-media https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-I).47 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Cross-linguistic Analysis of Punjabi Versus English Gender-System Zunaira Shafiq Safia Iqbal Epicenes Common Gender Terms Gender Agreement Gender-Neutrality Grammatical Gender The current study aimed to compare the grammatical notion of gender in Punjabi versus English. To identify the similarities and differences in gender systems of both the languages in question, multiple instances of Punjabi and English gender rendering terms and phrases were selected and compared through a comparative analytical approach. It was a text-based study that revealed that not only Punjabi nouns but also verbs and adjectives take gender markers, unlike English and also that Punjabi does have some gender-neutral words and epicenes, just like English. Findings hold implications for novice researchers attempting to explore Punjabi in terms of its gender system. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English and Literary Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Associate, Knowledge & Research Support Services (KRSS), University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-crosslinguistic-analysis-of-punjabi-versus-english-gendersystem https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Inner Lives and Outer World of Rural People: Educational and Socio- Economic Perspective Naveed Tufail Khizar Hayat Muhammad Ihsan Inner lives Outer world Socio-economic perspective The objective of the study was to look into the inner and outer lives of rural people from the standpoint of their education and socioeconomic status. It was investigated why rural students could not continue their education after elementary school. The study was exploratory in nature and qualitative approach was applied. The purposive sampling technique was applied to select fifteen participants. A semi-structured interview was conducted to collect data from ten participants. The collected data were analyzed after the themes of the respondents’ responses were determined. Findings of the study revealed that rural people were also willing to get education but their outer world was not supportive. The findings revealed that rural people have dreams of getting higher education, but they were lacking better facilities for it. They could not afford finances to move to big cities to acquire higher education. Humanity Publications PhD, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer (PhD), Department of Education, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/inner-lives-and-outer-world-of-rural-people-educational-and-socio-economic-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Media Impact on Human Behaviour Hinna Rustam Muhammad Naseem Anwar Qaiser Iqbal Social Media Human Behaviour Youth Behaviour Pakistan Risks Impact This research study aims to investigate and identify the impact of social media platforms used by the youth in Pakistan. Results show that nearly 8 out of 10 respondents daily visit these platforms and 60% spend 1-3 hours daily on SM. 62% of respondents accepted that social media replaced face-to-face communication, leading to a lack of social interaction and a fear of missing out. Cyberbullying resulted in anxiety, fear, depression, low self-esteem, and behavioural issues. To address these impacts, stakeholders should focus on quality communication and interaction, organize and support social events, and inform parents that their cellphone use and personal conduct have changed into a context with bad contact with their children. Humanity Publications MS International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Computer Arts, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of History and Politics, The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-media-impact-on-human-behaviour https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Peer Pressure on Female Adult English Language Learners' Academic Performance: Application of Dijk's Socio-Cognitive Model Fatima Ahmed Tayyba Irfan Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Peer Pressure Female Adult Language Learners Academic Performance Dijk’s Socio- Cognitive Framework Feminist Theory Peer pressure is one of the major elements influencing an adult’s academic performance. This study identifies the nature and extent of peer pressure on female adult language learners and their academic performance. It is qualitative research in which van Dijk’s socio-cognitive framework is used as an analytical framework. The researchers have injected the feminist theory to limit the scope of pertinent data in elaborating the data gathered. The study highlights the significance of awareness of negative peer influence among teachers, parents and students. Also, the study finds out the measures to avoid and control negative peer pressure. Humanity Publications Undergraduate Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Undergraduate Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/peer-pressure-on-female-adult-english-language-learners-academic-performance-application-of-dijks-sociocognitive-model https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Gender Role and Subalternity in Mouni Mohsin's The End of Innocence: A Feminist Literary Analysis Kalsoom Afzaal Farwa Zahoor Muhammad Salman Sajid Subalternity Mouni Mohsin The End of Innocence Feminist Literary Analysis The study is based on the feminist movement, which has vividly challenged the basic social structures of society, through which for many years' women are being used as a tool of depression. The study explores the stereotypical notions of femininity and masculinity that are present in such societies and it also sheds light on how women are socialized in patriarchal societies. The study also examines how women are portrayed in Pakistani literature and media and emphasize what type of prejudice and mistreatment they experience. Furthermore, the research looks at the works of postcolonial theorist Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak, whose critical perspectives are centred on oppressive systems. Spivak criticizes the limitations and divisions faced by subalterns through her deconstruction of Western academic knowledge. Finally, the paper delves into Mouni Mohsin's novel The End of Innocence, which tells the love story of Rani and Laila in West Pakistan while highlighting the oppression and mistreatment of women in the country. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English Literature, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil., Department of English Literature, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Abaid Ullah Group of Colleges, Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gender-role-and-subalternity-in-mouni-mohsins-the-end-of-innocence-a-feminist-literary-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analyzing the Impact of Socio-Cultural Status on Critical Thinking among University Students Amber Zehra Ajab ali Lashari Afshan Naz Socio-culture Critical Thinking Higher Education Imparting the skills of the 21st century in students is the most important task of all academicians. Critical thinking is an integral skill that plays a major role in students' skill development. (Alessandra, et al. 2020). This study aims to predict the Impact of Sociocultural Status on Critical Thinking among University Students in Karachi. Literature reported that the concept of Critical thinking was never addressed from the perspective of socio-culture (Maulana & Putra, 2022) at the tertiary level in progressing countries like Pakistan. This study will be carried on by employing Mix Methodology (Quantitative and Qualitative) paradigm. Sampling was drawn through a purposive Sampling technique Based on 20 students 10 students each from Either institution. The number of respondents for the quantitative paradigm of the study was 80 to collect data. A set of Activities and tasks were designed for measuring the Critical Thinking of Students. Findings suggested a significant difference in CT ability between the Public and private sector students. The study suggests more research on Curriculum mapping. Humanity Publications Faculty Member, Department of Education University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh Pakistan. Associate Professor, Government Girls Degree College Zamzama, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/analyzing-the-impact-of-sociocultural-status-on-critical-thinking-among-university-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibilities on Firm Value and Profitability in Pakistan Muhammad Iqbal Faisal Sher Muhammad Yusuf Amin Corporate Social Responsibility Firm Performance Women on Board The research area of corporate social responsibility (CSRR) has seen rapid growth in the past decade. However, the real impact of CSRR on firm value has been inconclusive, often due to its qualitative data. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSRR) and firm value. For this purpose, the data of listed firms in the Pakistan Stock Exchange 100 index were collected from 2010 to 2021. Regression Analysis was conducted on panel data to accomplish the main objective of the research. The study finds that Corporate social responsibility in the case of Pakistan is adopted by 67%, consisting of all the listed firms. The results of regression reflect an important positive association between the behaviour of CSRR and firm value. This result is also associated with other researchers, who suggest that investors pay a premium in the capital market in a socially responsible manner to achieve long-term profitability. The study also found that CSRR had a value-enhancing power to adopt charitable behaviour via legitimacy, Stakeholders, and signalling theory. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-corporate-social-responsibilities-on-firm-value-and-profitability-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Narratives on the Digital Leadership Practices in Pakistan- Issues, Challenges, Opportunities, Needs and Constraints in the Changing Paradigm through the Lens of Marginalized Community Members Zainab Noorani Ajab Ali Lashari Digital leadership Challenges Marginalized Community Members The research paper aims to identify the challenges, issues, needs, and constraints faced by digital leaders of marginalized community members. The study's overall strategy is based on a phenomenological case study research design. The methodology of this research paper is qualitative, and through criterion sampling, the data was collected from the school working for physically disabled children. The total sample size is fifteen, consisting of senior students and teachers. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with physically challenged students and teachers. It was derived that students need to be educated about digital literacy. The world is going towards digitalization, so students must know how to use gadgets, apps, etc. The teachers face challenges as they teach visually impaired and deaf children. The students concluded that they want inclusivity in society, providing them opportunities by providing various workplace and societal facilities. The teachers suggested that opportunities must be provided to students at the state level so that they can be considered valuable members of society. Humanity Publications Assistant Coordinator & Teacher Educator, Fatimiyah Education Network (FEN), Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/narratives-on-the-digital-leadership-practices-in-pakistan-issues-challenges-opportunities-needs-and-constraints-in-the-changing-paradigm-through-the-lens-of-marginalized-community-members https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Training on Employee's Perception of Development: A Case Study of Accountant General Office, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Kausar Takrim Khalid Khan Muhammad Kamran Khan Training Development Job Satisfaction Public Sector Perception The study examines the impact of training on employees' development perceptions, as well as the impact of those beliefs on employees' job-related attitudes and behaviour in public sector organizations by looking at the case of the Accountant General Office in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study investigates the mediating role of employee development through training interventions between training and job satisfaction. The study model was evaluated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) statistical technique. An attempt is being made to highlight the value of training and its impact on boosting employee development perspectives inside public sector organizations and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in particular, and in Pakistan in general. The study's findings show that employee development perceptions directly and positively impact job satisfaction. Similarly, the study model and its constructs have shown the suggested interconnectedness. The study assists policymakers in rethinking their policies by incorporating ways that promote the promotion of employee development perspectives and their productive effects on organizational growth. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, College of Home Economics, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Inter-Services Headquarter, Islamabad, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-training-on-employees-perception-of-development-a-case-study-of-accountant-general-office-khyber-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Glass Ceiling in Hollywood Movies: Exploring the Gender Disparities in Portrayals of Public Relations Roles Ayesha Zahid Ghulam Maaz Jan Muhammad Akram Abdul Rehman Gender Hollywood film Public Relations Semantic analysis Technical roles This study examines the gender disparities in the portrayal of women in Hollywood films having the theme of Public Relations. The research aims to analyze the representation of women in PR roles especially the technical positions, their roles and responsibilities in the campaigns, and their depiction as being family-oriented or not. The study design utilizes a descriptive methodology and employs a semantic analysis using the purposive sampling technique. The sample includes the movie "Don't Look Up (2021)," chosen as it is the top IMDb ranking Hollywood film with a focus on the PR campaign. Data is collected on technical roles, primary or secondary positions, and family orientation of the female characters. The findings reveal significant gender disparities, with women often limited to secondary roles and unequal representation compared to men in the PR roles having less family orientation. The study emphasizes the need to challenge gender stereotypes in the film industry. Humanity Publications Senior Lecturer, Media Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Media Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Senior Lecturer, Media Studies Department, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-glass-ceiling-in-hollywood-movies-exploring-the-gender-disparities-in-portrayals-of-public-relations-roles https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Effect of Physiological and Consideration for Elite Young Females Athletes to Participate in Physical Activities Mehwish Manzoor Faiz Ul Hassan Shah Muhammad Aslam Physiological Consideration Female Athletes Physical  The main objectives of the study were to the effect of Physiological and consideration for Elite Young Females Athletes to participate in physical Activities. The researcher used a Likert-type questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The questionnaire was consisting of two different portions the first portion was developed to investigate. The main purpose of the study was to the influence of sociocultural problems on sports participation among college female athletes. Based on data analysis following findings float ups. The collected data from questionnaires were put into the SPSS (Version-20) for the purpose of data analysis. The data analysis was performed in three different sections demographic information was given in Section A, Section B deals with the item-wise frequencies and percentages of the questionnaire and Section C deals with the testing of hypotheses. The alpha level for testing hypotheses was .05. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Government College University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph. D Scholar, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Physical Education Health & Sports Science, Government College of Physical Education, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-effect-of-physiological-and-consideration-for-elite-young-females-athletes-to-participate-in-physical-activities https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Narratives Stereotypical Roles and their Counter-Narrative: A Feminist Analysis of the Verdict by Osman Haneef Muzaffar Qadir Bhatti Faheem Abbas Maryam Rafique Stereotypical Roles Gender Roles Feminism Counter-narrative Oppression Marginalization Objectification Sexism This paper explores Haneef's novel "The Verdict" (2021), aiming to unveil the stereotypical roles of genders and their counter-narratives in the context of feminism through a qualitative analysis of textual lines. On the one hand, some characters conform to their socially constructed roles, while on the other hand, some characters seem averse to conventional gender roles and nature. Moreover, both kinds of characters depict the lifestyle of two different factions of society. Stereotypical characters are the conventional representation of patriarchy, where women are marginalized, objectified, and oppressed by men. Men are shown as rational, cruel, and oppressors. Characters crafted in the counter-narrative are independent, break stereotypes, and bring the feminist version, introducing us to independent women with significant societal roles. Men are shown as protectors, partners, kind, polite, and loving. By contrasting the two kinds of characters, this paper tries to reveal the changing trend from stereotypical roles to modern roles in the light of feminism. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Masters in English Literature, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. BS English, Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/narratives-stereotypical-roles-and-their-counternarrative-a-feminist-analysis-of-the-verdict-by-osman-haneef https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Fitspiration on Facebook: Physical, Social and Psychological Implications of Pakistani Female Students Tahreem Nasir Noshina Saleem Body Shame Compulsive Exercise Disordered Eating Fitspiration Facebook Social Networking Sites Fitspiration is a current online craze that aims to inspire Pakistani female students to eat well, stay confident and exercise. The objective of the study was to investigate the phycological (disordered eating), social (body shame) and physical (exercise behavior) implications among Pakistani female students who consume fitspiration content on Facebook. Fitspiration content on Facebook is the independent variable whereas the social, physical and psychological aspects of Pakistani female students are the dependent variables. The study was exploratory in nature and quantitative approach was applied. Convenience sampling technique was applied and the data was collected from 600 Pakistani female university students from 3 public and 3 private universities of Lahore to cater the quantitative part. Social comparison theory was applied in this study. A survey questionnaire was developed to collect data from the respondents. The current study employed partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The empirical findings indicated that exposure to fitspiration content on Facebook have a significant impact on exercise behavior, body shame and disordered eating of Pakistani female university students. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Director, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/fitspiration-on-facebook-physical-social-and-psychological-implications-of-pakistani-female-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Challenges and Opportunities to the Profession of Social Work in Pakistan: A Review Sajjad Hussain Sumera Farid Amir Alam Social Work Profession Academic Theory Associations Social work education at the postgraduate level is faced with various academic and non-academic issues. Despite the compatibility of these methods with our culture, the paucity of local research and knowledge related to our community which are necessary for the uplift of the profession is impacting its progress. So far, Pakistan has no national and provincial council of social workers that could link them with the international social workers’ Federation whereby it could build their professional competence and capacity. This gap between theory and practice can be filled by developing a link between the two domains. Lack of public awareness regarding the field and the deteriorating role of inadequately trained field supervisors working for different organizations are other contributing factors. The study suggests that professional social workers should be inducted into all the social welfare organizations so that the new undergraduate students could be interested in taking admissions in BS social work degree. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Social Work, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Social Work, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Warai Campus, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/challenges-and-opportunities-to-the-profession-of-social-work-in-pakistan-a-review https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring the Multidimensional Relationship between Second Language Acquisition and Personality Development among Adolescents: An Empirical Inquiry Utilizing a Mixed-Methods Research Paradigm Saira Abbas Aqsa Atta Second Language Learning Personality Development Social-cognitive Theory Self-efficacy Socio-cognitive Likert Scale Big five Inventory This paper presents a study that explores the dynamic connection between second language acquisition (SLA) and personality development in the context of adolescent learners. The research integrates Albert Bandura's SocioCognitive Theory (1986) and the Big Five Inventory frameworks to examine various correlated factors. The study consists of two distinct investigations. Drawing upon the theoretical framework proposed by Albert Bandura's Socio-CognitiveTheory (1986), the first analysis delves into the social factors that influence the process of SLA among adolescents. The second study employs a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional research design. A sample of 300 participants was selected using a sampling technique employed by the investigator. In the quantitative analysis, both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using the SPSS software. The findings of the Pearson Moment correlation (= .311, P < 0.01) reveal a positive relationship between SLA (M= 79.72, SD= 10.620) and the personality trait of Extroversion (M=110.54, SD= .16.640). In summary, the present research sheds light on the influence of SLA on the development of extroverted personality traits in adolescents. Furthermore, this study provides a framework for future researchers to investigate the multidimensional relationship between second language acquisition and personality development. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, In charge Department of Linguistics and Communications, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-multidimensional-relationship-between-second-language-acquisition-and-personality-development-among-adolescents-an-empirical-inquiry-utilizing-a-mixedmethods-research-paradigm https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Representation of White and Black in Maya's I know why the Caged Bird Sings and Lorde's Power: A Comparative Analysis Rani Kalhoro Waseem Ahmed Lakhmir Ruqia Bano Mastoi Subaltern Violence Racism Colonizers Discrimination This study explains the violence, racism, and suffering of black people in Maya's poem I know why the Caged Bird Sings and Lorde's Power. And this research also explores racial injustice, prejudice, discrimination, and Power throughout the poems. Maya Angelou and Audre Lorde are Afro-American poets and writers. The authors sadly explain the suffering and discrimination they faced in the white community. I Know Why Cage Bird Sings and Power are Based on Racism, violence, injustice, and Discrimination. In the power poem, there is a white police officer named Thomas Shea who murdered a black boy named Clifford Glover, who was killed in 1973. The colonizer beats him very badly. In the caged Bird, there was also a white man who treated Maya Angelou badly and raped her only because of her black skin. Subaltern will be the theoretical framework of this research that shows give voice to voiceless people. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Sindh, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/representation-of-white-and-black-in-mayas-i-know-why-the-caged-bird-sings-and-lordes-power-a-comparative-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Understanding the Lived Experiences of Female Students in Rural Areas of Balochistan regarding their Academic Aspirations and Access to the Internet: A Phenomenological Study in Turbat, Pakistan Muhammad Sharif Muhammad Anwar Mahpara Mehmood Lived Experiences Female Students Internet Academic Balochistan This study aims to explore the lived experiences of female students in rural Balochistan, specifically in Turbat, Pakistan, with regard to their academic aspirations and access to the internet. The research adopts a phenomenological approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities faced by these students in pursuing education and utilizing digital resources. Qualitative methodology, along with in-depth interviews and focus group discussion, were utilized as methods as per the nature of the study. For theoretical underpinning, digital divide theory was used to ensure and clarify the assumptions of the study. It has been found that in Balochistan, not only are there structural flaws, but there are also socio-political and cultural factors behind the digital divides and hurdles for girls in internet accessibility. Therefore, the inevitability of this study is to bridge this gap and ensure digital inclusiveness and digital parity to ensure girls' academic performances Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, (SZABIST), Karachi, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/understanding-the-lived-experiences-of-female-students-in-rural-areas-of-balochistan-regarding-their-academic-aspirations-and-access-to-the-internet-a-phenomenological-study-in-turbat-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Identity Crisis in Tariq Rahman's The Snail Syed Attaullah Shah Sardar Ali Hybridity Post Colonialism Identity Diversity Community This study is designed to trace the identity crisis portrayed in Tariq Rahman’s The Snail. The story deals with the crisis of identity that how the metaphoric character of The Snail changes his identity and faces the consequences. The study aims to highlight the identity crisis and its harsh consequences. The study is carried out through the lens of Homi K Bhabha's Theory of Hybridity. The data is analyzed through a close reading technique and resolved that the change in identity is the loss of everything, and the loss of identity is the loss of your social space. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/identity-crisis-in-tariq-rahmans-the-snail https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).18 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Exploration into the University Quality Assurance Practices for Maintaining the Students’ Retention Ashfaq Afzal Muhammad Luqman Khan Fatima Sikandar Quality Assurance Students’ Satisfaction Students’ Retention This qualitative study was a follow-up study of a quantitative study that was conducted to investigate the impact of quality assurance practices on university students' satisfaction and retention. The sample has been selected purposively from the already selected sample for the quantitative study. The sample consisted of six respondents who have extensive experience in the higher education sector more specifically in the quality enhancement department/cell. An interview protocol was developed focusing on research questions to collect their responses of them regarding the "exploration of the role of the Quality Assurance practices in students' retention and satisfaction". The conversations commenced with the introduction of the interviewees and the researcher and followed by opening questions transitioning to key questions. It was reflected by the participants' responses that there is a strong role of quality assurance practices in attaining students' satisfaction and retention. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Special Needs Education, Department of Education, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-exploration-into-the-university-quality-assurance-practices-for-maintaining-the-students-retention https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).20 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Mothers' Role in Rehabilitation of their Adventitious Visually Impaired Children: A Phenomenological Study Kashif Iqbal Samina Ashraf Maryam Maqsood Role Rehabilitation Mothers Visually Impaired Children Visual Impairment The study intended to search the role of mothers in rehabilitating their children with adventitious visual impairment. The design of the study was qualitative and exploratory. Mothers (N=15) of visually impaired children from various age groups were the sample of the study. A convenient sampling technique was used for sampling procedures. A self-developed semi-structured interview was the tool of this study. Instruments validity was confirmed through expert opinion (N=03). An extensive literature review guided the researcher towards the reliability of the instrument. A coding & thematic analysis approach was done for Data analysis. Three major themes emerged from interview transcription including mother's understanding, problems of mothers, and educational support. The study's findings show that mothers remain worried about their children's future. Although, mothers face many difficulties in accepting the acquired blindness of children. This study recommends particular orientation & training sessions for mothers of visually impaired children and adequate social support. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Institute of Special Education, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Special Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Special Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/mothers-role-in-rehabilitation-of-their-adventitious-visually-impaired-children-a-phenomenological-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).19 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Exploration of the University Students' Experiences Regarding the Teachers' Gender Bias Samera Jabeen Mohsin Asif Abid Ali Bias in Classroom Teachers' Practices Students' Experiences This qualitative study was a follow-up of quantitative research which was conducted to identify the male university teachers’ gender bias in the classroom. In this qualitative exploration, there were 18 students who were sampled for the study conveniently. The researchers developed an interview protocol based on (Ali et al., 2021) and collected the data with the help of individual interviews. The interview protocol comprised nine open-ended questions. The data were analyzed with the help of the Thematic analysis. The qualitative results confirmed the quantitative results that the teachers’ interaction was found biased against females. Similarly, their feedback was also found biased against males and the positive feedback and motivation are given more to the female students. Similarly, the teachers’ expectations were found biased against females in that the challenging tasks are not assigned to them keeping in view their gender. The teachers also use male-oriented language while teaching. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Special Needs Education, Department of Education, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar (ELPS), Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-exploration-of-the-university-students-experiences-regarding-the-teachers-gender-bias https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).21 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Language, Media and Ideology: A Critical Analysis of Pakistani Political Propaganda Samiya Sadiq Muhammad Akbar Khan Rasheeda Aslam Language Media Ideology Political propaganda Critical discourse analysis This research investigates the ideological representations found in the video blogs of two Pakistani journalists, Imran Riaz Khan and Orya Maqbool Jan, and explores their influence on the audience. This study is exclusively qualitative in its approach. Potential ethical concerns are minimized as there are no personal interactions or sensitive information involved. The current research has clarified the ideological representations within the chosen video blogs by employing Fairclough's critical discourse analysis (CDA) framework. Extensive examination of the text, as well as targeted analysis of allusions to other texts and sociocultural aspects, has been conducted to ensure a comprehensive exploration of the topic. The analysis reveals that Imran Riaz Khan and Orya Maqbool Jan skillfully utilize a range of textual and stylistic methods in their vlogs to achieve a particular objective. They effectively meet the essential criteria for conveying a particular ideology. Using syntactic structure and repeated elements, their video blogs highlight the central topic of social and cultural inequity, particularly pertaining to racial bias and discrimination rooted in colour and belief. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/language-media-and-ideology-a-critical-analysis-of-pakistani-political-propaganda https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).22 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Environmental Injustice in Small Settlements Near Elite Societies: A Case Study of Chungi Amar Sadho in Lahore Amir Alam Tanveer Alam Sajjad Hussain Environmental Injustice Environmental Racism Class Chungi Amar Sidho Small Settlements Pollution Elite Societies Small settlements in Lahore such as Chungi Amar Sidho, are extremely polluted compared to societies like Bahria Town, DHA, and, other elite societies. These areas have soil, water, air, and even noise pollution. These small settlements have caused severe diseases and infections among the inhabitants of the area. The objective of the paper is to identify the reason behind this injustice. A mixed methodology e.g. qualitative and quantitative approaches have been followed. The data for this paper is collected through survey questionnaires, and interviews with environmentalists and from the manifestos of political parties who contested elections in that area. The environmental injustice theory,marginality within a core theory, and an excerpt from the decolonization theory of Fanon were used in order to assess the results of the study. The paper concludes that these small settlements face environmental injustice because of elite societies. Elite societies need these settlements to use for the labour force and as landfill sites. Humanity Publications Lecturer in Social Work, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Wari Campus, Upper Dir, KP, Pakistan. BS Student, Department of Political Science and History, Forman Christian University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer in Social Work, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/environmental-injustice-in-small-settlements-near-elite-societies-a-case-study-of-chungi-amar-sadho-in-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).23 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Political Upheaval in Pakistan and the Indexing of National Political Leaders in the Press Wasim Tariq Nauman Khan Muhammad Junaid Ghauri No-Confidence Motion Regime Change Political Upheaval Indexing Theory Imran Khan Maryam Nawaz Bilawal Bhutto In April 2022, Pakistan went through another political and constitutional crisis. For the first time in Pakistan's history, a democratically elected Prime Minister was removed from office by a no-confidence motion. Although no Prime Minister could complete the constitutional five-year term due to the influential military and judicial interventions, this instance was unique in its kind. In Pakistan, the press produced political debates as much as political narratives. Drawing on the Indexing theory proposed by Lance Bennett (1990; 2016) this research is an effort to explore how to have the Dawn, The Express Tribune, The Nation, and The News International index Mr Imran Khan, Ms Maryam Nawaz, and Mr. Bilawal Bhutto during May to October 2022. It is pertinent to identify the key indexing elements within the news coverage of the selected political leaders by the selected newspapers. The results indicate that there is a considerable variation in the indexing of political figures across the selected newspapers, suggesting the presence of potential biases in their reporting. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/political-upheaval-in-pakistan-and-the-indexing-of-national-political-leaders-in-the-press https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).24 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Conceptualizing Universal Human Rights in Islam: Implications in the Modern Period Aleem Gillani Ateeq Ahmad Tariq Sana Ullah Human Rights Islamic values Equality Social justice Zaqat This study delves into the conceptualization of Universal Human Rights in Islam and its implications in the modern period. The research explores foundational principles within Islam that align with universal human rights values, such as the recognition of inherent human dignity, equality, and freedom of conscience. Additionally, it investigates Islamic perspectives on social justice, the protection of minority rights, and the provision of basic needs, which resonate with the principles of universal human rights. However, the study also addresses challenges in the areas of gender equality and women's rights, as interpretations of Islamic teachings may differ from international human rights standards. The research also highlights the complexities of reconciling freedom of expression with religious sensitivities within the Islamic context. The implications of the findings are far-reaching, with the potential to foster interfaith dialogue, enhance human rights education within Islamic communities, and advance efforts towards gender equality and minority protection. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor IR/Deputy Director of Academics & Diplomatic Relations, Department of International Relations, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/conceptualizing-universal-human-rights-in-islam-implications-in-the-modern-period https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).25 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Socio-Cultural Development in Mankera (1900-2000) Muhammad Saqlain Muhammad Yasir Ali Khan Desert Society Culture Tradition Dignity Inhabitants Festivals Fort Community Tolerance Civilization Historical Mankera, district Bhakkar, Pakistan is situated in the centre of the greater Thal desert between the Indus and Chenab Jhelum rivers. Mankera had been a subordinate state and a buffer zone between the Delhi dynasty and Kabul dynasty for many centuries. Mankera has a glorious and historical culture in the form of forts, tombs, buildings and wells etc. The joint mode of life of the Hindu, Muslim and Sikh populations of this region created unique and correspondent colours of society. A historical research approach has been applied to study the socio-cultural development of the region.After the creation of Pakistan, the migration of Muslims from India and non-Muslims from Pakistan changed the demography and created a new pattern of culture and society. After mixing native and migrant cultures, a new merged society came into being. Now the culture and society of Mankera has being developed in a new pattern which is peaceful and tolerant. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Government Graduate College, Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sociocultural-development-in-mankera-19002000 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).26 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Use of Conceptual Metaphors in Imran Khan and Narendra Modi's Political Speeches: A Comparative Study Amara Javed Sadia Waheed Komal Atta Metaphor Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) political discourse Kashmir conflict This research is based on a comparative study of metaphors in political discourse. For this purpose, Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) Critical Metaphor Theory (CMT) as a qualitative methodological ground and the quantitative method has been applied manually to five selected speeches of Imran Khan and Narendra Modi on the Kashmir issue after the military siege from 2019 till now. This study aims to explore the conceptual metaphors in the political speeches of Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The main purpose of the study is to explore different types of conceptual metaphors like structural, ontological, and orientational that are used by these politicians to provide their thoughts, ideologies, and emotions on the said issue. This study provides new knowledge and guidance to understand the different metaphorical domains or structures in political discourse for future scholars. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/use-of-conceptual-metaphors-in-imran-khan-and-narendra-modis-political-speeches-a-comparative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).27 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Innovative Life Style and Race of Social Perfection Over Social Media Umia Gull Ashraf Iqbal Usman Idrees Social Media Social Perfection Innovation Lifestyle Bellwethers of social media platforms introduced modern and innovative third-party boosters who work over tweets, vlogs, and blogs to set trends and shape society in new designs. As technology advances, so do consumer usage and behaviours after the emergence of social media tools. As additional influencers shift their centre of attention to catching followers for making up their character arc mix via social channels such as TikTok, Facebook, and others find key factors which influence attitude and social character. Hang on an assessment of the literature, this research pens down social identity as a congruity in the context of social networking. Moreover, extant research advocates, social specification has numerous aspects, such as cognitive, evaluative, and emotional. Although, it’s not yet clear whether these three aspects have the same impact on these two important behaviours. This study attempts to explore different effects of empirical, emotional, and interpretive aspects on non-fictitious as well as fictitious behaviour. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/innovative-life-style-and-race-of-social-perfection-over-social-media https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).28 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact of Social Media on Body Imaging and Eating Disorders among Youth in Islamabad Farhan Ahmed Faiz Mudasar Ali Nadeem Muhammad Umar Zafar Body Shaming Social Media This study examines the impact of social media on the body image views of adolescents and investigates its potential association with the onset of eating disorders. Two main inquiries are examined: This study aims to investigate three key aspects related to social media and body image: (1) the influence of body shaming on social media platforms, and (2) the effects of exposure to idealized body images and comparison with influencers on social media. The qualitative approach encompasses the utilization of in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with individuals between the ages of 18 to 26 who exhibit a high level of engagement with social media platforms. Overall, 5 female students were interviewed from the capital territory of Islamabad. The study concluded that the prevalence of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction among young adults and adolescents can be attributed to their exposure to idealized body ideals and the activities of influencers. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, School of Sociology Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Chiniot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad, Chiniot Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-social-media-on-body-imaging-and-eating-disorders-among-youth-in-islamabad https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).29 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Relationship between Social Media Usage and Academic Performance of the Students: A Case Study of Female Students of Public Sectors Universities Ashraf Iqbal Maiha Kamal Usman Idrees Social Media Female Students Academic Performance Media Content Survey Method University GPA CGPA In the current media-dominated era, social media significantly impacts the lifestyles and perceptions of females, profoundly influencing their thoughts through its content. This study, "Relationship between Social Media Usage on the Academic Performance of Female Students," delves into the frequency and type of media content employed by female university students, examining its impact on academic performance—specifically, the enhancement or decline in GPA and CGPA. Utilizing a survey approach and simple random sampling, the study analyses responses to statements such as "Excessive usage of social media affects the academic performance of university students." Findings reveal that 12.0% strongly agreed, 44.7% agreed, 26.7% were neutral, 14.3% disagreed, and 2.3% strongly disagreed with this statement. Similarly, regarding the statement "Social media sites detract university students from academic goals," 18.7% strongly agreed, 44.7% agreed, 25.7% were neutral, 8.7% disagreed, and 2.3% strongly disagreed. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil., Mass Communication, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-social-media-usage-and-academic-performance-of-the-students-a-case-study-of-female-students-of-public-sectors-universities https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).40 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Evaluating the Contribution of GDP, Technological Advancements, and Renewable Energy Consumption in Carbon Emissions to the Attainment of Sustainable Development Goals: Insights from China Waseem Hassan Naveed Hussain Shahzeb Hussain Carbon Emissions China GDP Renewable Energy Consumption SDGs Sustainable Development Goals Technological Advancements The proposed research examines how renewable energy consumption, GDP, and carbon emission technology affect China's sustainable development goals. The writer utilized OECD and World Bank databases to gather 2000–2020 secondary data. The inferential and descriptive technique assesses the Chinese understanding of how renewable energy consumption, GDP, and technological advancements concern sustainable development goals. In this research effort, the final acquired data were input into SPSS and evaluated to obtain statistical conclusions. SPSS Statistical software has been utilized to calculate the empirical study's results utilizing descriptive statistics, regression analysis, factor analysis, and one-way ANOVA. The study's methodology describes the analysis criteria and recommendations to test hypotheses and achieve goals. This research may stimulate renewable energy consumption, GDP, and technological advancements to mitigate carbon emissions and achieve China's Sustainable Development Goals. Implementing renewable energy initiatives and encouraging constructive economic growth can do this. Humanity Publications Ph.D., School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China. MSc., School of Accountancy and Finance, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. BS-Commerce, Department of Management Sciences, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/evaluating-the-contribution-of-gdp-technological-advancements-and-renewable-energy-consumption-in-carbon-emissions-to-the-attainment-of-sustainable-development-goals-insights-from-china https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).30 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Reducing Gender Gaps in Pakistan's Labor Market: Policy Options for Enhancing Women's Economic Empowerment Amna Munawar Khan Muhammad Qasim Khan Muhammad Shan Bilal Gender Disparities Labor Market Economic Empowerment Policy Alternatives This policy paper delves into the persistent gender disparities within Pakistan's labour sector, highlighting the challenges faced by women in accessing and maintaining decent employment opportunities. Despite some progress, women encounter lower labour force participation, unequal wages, and limited access to social benefits. The concentration of women in low-paying, informal sectors hampers their economic advancement and social mobility. This paper critically assesses the gender imbalance in Pakistan's labour market and proposes actionable policy alternatives to enhance women's economic empowerment. By prioritizing legislative measures, decision-makers can address the root causes of these disparities, fostering gender equality and supporting women's participation in the workforce. The implementation of effective policies is vital to not only empower women but also contribute to Pakistan's overall economic growth and development. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Defense and Strategic Studies, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Executive Director Programs, Centre of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Research Scholar, Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/reducing-gender-gaps-in-pakistans-labor-market-policy-options-for-enhancing-womens-economic-empowerment https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).31 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Socio-Psychological Challenges of Women Having Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Bushra Saleem Aneela Sultana Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Socio-psychological Infertility Body Image Stigmatization PCOS can have a substantial socio-psychological influence on women's lives, along with its clinical symptoms.This qualitative phenomenological investigation observed the emotions, body image, societal stigma, interactions, and coping techniques of women with PCOS. In-depth interviews with a varied group of women highlighted several major themes, including the difficult emotional journey, challenges with a perception of oneself and body image, loneliness or ostracism, and the value of support and connection networks. The study's findings have crucial consequences for healthcare practitioners, politicians, and people with PCOS. Understanding the particular issues that these women encounter allows healthcare practitioners to deliver more comprehensive and compassionate treatment. Policymakers may also create legislation to benefit women experiencing PCOS and decrease the prejudice associated with the disorder.Lastly, women with PCOS may utilize the study's findings in order to comprehend their own circumstances and develop solutions to manage the difficulties they confront. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sociopsychological-challenges-of-women-having-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).32 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Negotiating Racial Boundaries: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Racism in 'To Kill a Mockingbird' Emaan Afzal Eman Fatima Dar Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Attitude towards Science Self-Concept Gender Socioeconomic Status To explore racial discrimination in Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mockingbird", we have utilized Wodak’s theoretical framework for CDA, complemented by his concentric circular model in our study. The CDA meticulously examines various textual elements, encompassing linguistic features, narrative structure, and character interactions, to discern recurrent discursive patterns perpetuating racism throughout the novel. Using Wodak’s framework highlighting context’s importance, the analysis explores the 1930s American South’s socio-political backdrop where the narrative unfolds. This contextual lens facilitates a nuanced comprehension of how language constructs and reinforces racial discrimination while illuminating the intricate dynamics of power and ideologies within the text. By delving into the social and historical backdrop, the analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex interrelationships among discourse, racism, and societal structures, yielding valuable insights and adding to the novel's portrayal of racial discrimination and its broader sociocultural implications. Humanity Publications B.S Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. B.S Student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/negotiating-racial-boundaries-a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-racism-in-to-kill-a-mockingbird https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).33 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Relationship of Students' Attitude towards Science with Their Self- Concept: A Gender and Socioeconomic Status (SES) Based Study Muhammad Anwer Um-e-Farwa Aatika Aziz Attitude towards Science Self-Concept Gender Socioeconomic Status This study gauges the relationship of students' self-concept with respect to their attitude towards science. The randomly selected sample consisted of 1966, 10th grade science students. The science-related attitude was measured through an adapted version of TOSRA (r= 0.89). For Self-Concept, a questionnaire developed by Rana (2002) having r = 0.87 was used. For SES family income, parents' education and nature of job were considered. Pearson r along with descriptive statistics and t-tests was used for data analysis. Analysis revealed all respondents had a positive self concept and attitude towards science. Respondents' self-concept on the basis of gender as well as among three levels of SES was not significantly different. A moderate, positive and significant correlation was found between both variables. A similar pattern was seen in the case of male, female, low-level SES and medium-level SES respondents separately, but the relationship was weak though positive and significant for respondents of high-level SES. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-of-students-attitude-towards-science-with-their-self-concept-a-gender-and-socioeconomic-status-ses-based-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).34 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Perception of Hearing-Impaired Students About Their University Fellows in Inclusive Environments Snober Bukhari Faisal Anis Muhammad Anwer Hearing-impaired Inclusive Peers Communication Isolation Perception University This study investigated the interpersonal relationship of hearing-impaired students in inclusive universities with their typical peers and fellows. A convenient sampling method was used. Data was collected from three inclusive universities in Lahore through a survey. The sample consisted of 57 hearing-impaired students. SPSS software was utilized for calculating frequency distributions and conducting ANOVA, and t-test analyses. Results showed that most of the hearing-impaired students enjoyed group activities with peers, learned to communicate, and helped operate computers.However, sometimes peers made them feel isolated in classrooms. No significant difference was found between perceptions of male and female students across degree programs or universities. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Graduate, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perception-of-hearingimpaired-students-about-their-university-fellows-in-inclusive-environments https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).35 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Democracy and Inequality: A Comparative Analysis of Political System and Social Disparities Imran Rafique Ameena Nasim Rahat Shabbir Democracy Inequality Political Systems Social Disparities Comparative Analysis This comprehensive analysis delves into the complex relationship between democracy and inequality, exploring their interplay within diverse political systems. Through theoretical perspectives, comparative case studies, and policy implications, the study uncovers the multifaceted dynamics that shape social disparities. It reveals that while democracy strives for equitable representation, persistent inequalities challenge its ideals. Case studies from the United States, Nordic countries, Brazil, and Pakistan offer insights into how economic, social, and political factors intertwine within democratic frameworks. Challenges such as populism, globalization, and governance instability intersect the pursuit of equitable societies. The analysis concludes with policy recommendations, underscoring the intricate balance between democracy and inequality in shaping the path toward more inclusive governance. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Center for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Punjab University, Lahore, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Centre for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/democracy-and-inequality-a-comparative-analysis-of-political-system-and-social-disparities https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).36 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Motivation and Team Cohesion in Women Cricketers Ammara Rubab Extrinsic Motivation Intrinsic Motivation Team Cohesion Women Cricketers This study investigated the connection between motivation and team unity in the context of women's cricket, involving a sample of 100 cricketers from three clubs in Lahore city, spanning ages 18 to 32. Each participant filled out two questionnaires: the Group Environment Questionnaire (Carron et al., 1985) and the Sports Motivation Scale (Pelletier et al., 1995). The study was designed with a cross-sectional approach and is rooted in quantitative research methodology.The purposive sampling approach was adopted. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation were used to evaluate the data in SPSS version 23.0. A noteworthy correlation was reported between intrinsic motivation and team cohesion (r=0.638**, p<0.001) and between extrinsic motivation and team cohesion (r=0.623**, p<0.001). Furthermore, overall motivation scores also displayed a substantial correlation with the cohesion of the team (r=0.633**, p<0.001).These findings provide early evidence that it's essential to encourage and inspire the players in order to have an influence on the team atmosphere. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sports and Physical Education, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/motivation-and-team-cohesion-in-women-cricketers https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).37 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Understanding the Dynamics of Domestic Violence against Women in Pakistan: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions Farhana Aziz Rana Waqas Rafiq Ali Shahid Domestic Violence Women Rights Pakistan Laws Society This comprehensive study delves into the multifaceted dynamics of domestic violence against women in Pakistan, examining its causes, consequences, and potential solutions. The research underscores the significance of legal reforms to provide survivors with robust protections and avenues for seeking justice. It emphasizes the crucial role of education and awareness campaigns in reshaping societal norms and fostering healthy relationships. The study highlights the pivotal importance of support systems, including shelters, crisis hotlines, counselling, and legal aid, in facilitating survivors' escape from abusive situations and aiding in their recovery. Economic empowerment programs emerge as a vital component to reduce barriers that often keep survivors tethered to abusive relationships. By sensitizing law enforcement and establishing supportive networks, this study provides a comprehensive roadmap for creating safer environments for survivors and working towards the complete eradication of domestic violence. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Law, University of Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Law, University of Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. LLM Scholar, Department of Law, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/understanding-the-dynamics-of-domestic-violence-against-women-in-pakistan-causes-consequences-and-solutions https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).38 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Men-women Interaction in TV Advertisements: A Critical Discourse Analytical Exploration of Issues and Implications Fajer Tanveer Zunaira Mateen Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Gender Roles Interaction Men Stereotypes TV Advertisements Women Television advertisements are fundamental in our society and have been the subject of analysis by several analysts and researchers interested in studying gender roles and stereotypes. This research article aims to explore the nature of men-women interaction in Pakistani TV advertisements and examine what issues arise from it, using Fairclough’s 3-dimensional discourse analysis model on a sample of 7 advertisements. Based on the findings, a questionnaire-type survey was conducted to understand further the effect of gender roles, their representation and relationships on the audience’s perception. The research reveals that Pakistani TV advertisements promote and challenge gender stereotypes,moving towards gender neutrality. This research provides analysts with a new outlook to analyze advertisements that not just reveal dominant/submissive relationships but also a healthy, positive and cooperative relationship between husband and wife. Humanity Publications Undergraduate student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Undergraduate student, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/menwomen-interaction-in-tv-advertisements-a-critical-discourse-analytical-exploration-of-issues-and-implications https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).39 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Impact Of Social Support and Coping Mechanisms on Health-Related Quality of Life Among Heart Patients Zara Fatima Iqra Aziz Sadaf Noureen Heart Diseases Construction Mechanisms Health-Related. Social Support Heart disease is a prevalent ailment that adversely impacts the structure and function of the cardiovascular system worldwide, primarily affecting the heart and blood vessels. Research has indicated a higher prevalence of heart disease in Asian countries compared to Western nations, with South Asia bearing a considerable burden. Pakistan, as a developing country, is also grappling with the challenges posed by heart disease. Consequently, this research aimed to comprehend the significance and social support role and managing mechanisms in association with the quality of life-related to the health experienced by individuals with heart conditions. The research methodology employed in this study was a survey design, and data collection took place in hospitals located in Sargodha. A purposive and snowball sampling technique was utilized to gather information from 140 heart patients. The findings explored significant differences in social support, managing mechanisms, and quality of life-related to the health of heart patients based on their gender. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Clinical Psychology, University of Lahore, Sargodha campus, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Clinical Psychology, University of Lahore, Sargodha campus, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Clinical Psychology, University of Lahore, Sargodha campus, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-social-support-and-coping-mechanisms-on-healthrelated-quality-of-life-among-heart-patients https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).41 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Growing Parents-Children Communication Gap: A Gender-Based Study in Discourse Analytical Perspective Maryam Dilawar Uswa Aslam Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Parent-Child Communication Communication Gap Gender Roles Discourse Analysis Parenting This qualitative study investigates the challenges experienced by children while communicating with their parents and the impact of gender roles in communication. The population comprises 10 participants from two age groups: children aged 12-15 and adults aged 21-25. We conducted semi-structured interviews and explored the feelings, experiences and opinions of children and communication strategies employed by parents from a discourse analytical perspective. General questions were asked to find ways to overcome the communication gap and suggest healthy interaction strategies. Our findings revealed several communication challenges, including a dearth of emotional expressions, busy lifestyles, authoritarian parenting and undue pressure on daughters, as well as linguistic choices that can control children’s interactions and suggested ways to bridge this gap. Suggestions include spending quality time together, giving children opportunities to express their views and shifting towards positive authoritative parenting. This study adds to the growing research on parent-child communication gaps for improved family well-being and relationships. Humanity Publications Undergraduate Student (BS-English), Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Undergraduate Student (BS-English), Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/growing-parentschildren-communication-gap-a-genderbased-study-in-discourse-analytical-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).42 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Efficiency of HEC's Quality Assurance Agency's (QAA) Framework: Perceptions of Quality Enhancement Cells' (QECs) Executives of Pakistani Universities Syeda Um E Laila Naqvi Farah Naz Iqra Sharif Quality Assurance HEC QAA Quality Management QECs Higher Education This qualitative study examined Pakistani Quality Enhancement Cell (QEC) executives' views on the  HEC's Quality Assurance and Agency (QAA) framework's effectiveness in higher education. Thematic analysis was used to discover and analyse QEC executives' various viewpoints on the HEC's QAA framework's efficacy using in-depth interviews with 20 purposive sampled participants. Analysis revealed two themes: "Ideal Role Model" and "Loopholes in the Model." Within the "Ideal Role Model" subject, several interviewees saw the HEC's QAA framework as a thorough and adequate model for ensuring and improving higher education quality. In contrast, the "Loop Holes in the Model" topic highlighted most respondents' concerns. This research enhances the knowledge of Pakistan's higher education quality assurance dynamics. This research shows the challenges of ensuring and improving higher education quality from many viewpoints. Addressing these viewpoints and creating a dynamic, adaptive, and culturally relevant quality assurance system are essential for Pakistan's higher education growth Humanity Publications MPhil Graduate, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/efficiency-of-hecs-quality-assurance-agencys-qaa-framework-perceptions-of-quality-enhancement-cells-qecs-executives-of-pakistani-universities https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).43 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan: A Political Biography Muhammad Saleem Ahmad Hashmi Safi Ullah Khan Marwat Alliances Biography Nasrallah Khan Alliances are popular in democracies when there are no prominent national political parties because a single party cannot govern a nation. Many personalities played an important role in the formation and working of the alliances. One of the stalwarts among those leaders is the name of Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan. He spent a considerable portion of his political life in the struggle against military and civilian dictators for strengthening parliamentary democracy. The research aims to investigate Nawabzada Nasarullah’s political biography. It highlights his position and tactics against civilian dictators distinguished by his steadfast dedication to democratic values, the galvanization of public opinion, the creation of alliances, the filing of legal challenges, the promotion of his cause on a global scale, and his ability to persevere in the face of difficulty. His contributions significantly influenced the political scene of Pakistan and emphasized the value of democratic leadership. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of History and Pakistan Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of History and Pakistan Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/nawabzada-nasrullah-khan-a-political-biography https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).44 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Influence of Teacher-Student Interaction on Student Motivation and Achievement at Secondary School Level Nayyar Sultana Aleena Chaudhry Noreen Idrees Students’ interaction Student motivation and Achievement The learning environment will be greatly impacted by this effect, which will affect students' performance and motivation. The purpose of this study is to look into the relationship between motivation and academic achievement between students and teachers. It is anticipated that the study's findings were highly helpful to the participants as well as to learners, parents, educators, and legislators who wish to understand how teacher-student interaction impacts learners' motivation and performance. The investigation is being conducted using the quantitative research approach. The study's sample consisted of 20 Teachers and 217 pupils from the two schools. There was one school that did very well on the board exams and one that did not. Students who have strong teacher-student relationships should or will be able to develop a need for satisfaction. Positive teacher-student contact was positively correlated with student motivation. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Educational Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Educational Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Educational Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-influence-of-teacherstudent-interaction-on-student-motivation-and-achievement-at-secondary-school-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).45 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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9/11 Trauma: Nostalgia and Psychic Health in Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Delillo's Falling Man Muhammad Haris Abdullah Hassan Sajeel Ahmed 9/11 Trauma nostalgia psychic health memory stress shattered self The trauma of 9/11 makes individuals nostalgic and leaves indelible marks on their psyches. Their personal and political worlds are shattered. Rediscovery is an extravagant problem for them. 9/11 changed their definition of self. The paper analyses changes in their behaviour due to hysteria and its effects on their societal relations. Their distress and anxiety change their healthy relationships with each other into an unhealthy state. Now every individual is disturbed, feeling desperation on mental as well as physical level, having cracking headaches, and so on. This paper tries to study how the mental landscape of individuals changed due to catastrophic events. Mental health disturbance is equal in both Americans and Pakistanis, both the novels show us a story of traumatized people and how they become nostalgic. Humanity Publications BS English Literature, Department of English Literature, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. BS English Literature, Department of English Literature, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Department of English Literature and Linguistics, University of Education , Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/911-trauma-nostalgia-and-psychic-health-in-hamids-the-reluctant-fundamentalist-and-delillos-falling-man https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).46 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Parental Perception of Children's Informal Learning Through Kids' YouTube Channels Bin Yamin Khan Hina Mushtaq Mehboob Ali Informal Learning Social Media Kids YouTube Channels Social and Behavioral learning Academic learning The role of technology in the early education of children has gained prominence recently, with special reference to YouTube as a key platform for informal learning. Kids YouTube channels, designed specifically for children, offer a wide range of educational content through numerous channels. Lecture videos, tutorials, informational videos, and Vlogs contribute to children's learning experiences. Nonetheless, YouTube also serves as a valuable tool for children, enabling them to learn diverse subjects on a daily basis, including language skills, social norms, behavioral patterns, and religious and psychological understanding. This study kept a questionnaire as a data collection tool & conducted a survey among the working women of Hazara University. The findings revealed that children preferred to watch cartoons via the Kids YouTube channel for 3-6 hours using their mobile phones. They also use kids' YouTube channels for a number of informal learning including social learning, behavioral learning, academic learning, and Language learning. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Communication and Media studies, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan, Pakistan. Bureau Chief, Geo News, Malakand Division, KP, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/parental-perception-of-childrens-informal-learning-through-kids-youtube-channels https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).47 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Implications of Social Media Dependency in Pakistan Fiza Zia Ul Hannan Shabir Hussain Social Media Media Dependency Media Dependency Theory Social Media Dependency Social media effects on Pakistani Youth FOMO Anxiety Stress Resilience Pro-Social Behavior This article aims to provide a detailed discourse on the studies that have been conducted in the past four years to assess Pakistani individuals’ social media dependency, in the context of media system dependency theory, and its implications on the cognitive and behavioral aspects of their everyday lives. Skimming down to the conclusion, the article addresses strategies that could, if implemented, be beneficial for any hazardous consequences to the well-being of Pakistani social media users and suggests longitudinal studies for looking into the evolving patterns of social media dependency. Humanity Publications PhD scholar, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University Islamabad, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Media Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/implications-of-social-media-dependency-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).48 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Balancing Justice and Social Harmony: The Impact of Legal Reforms on Community Cohesion Mehnaz Begum Nouman Ijaz Muhammad Umair Legal Reforms Social Harmony Justice Community Cohesion Restorative Justice Transitional Justice Multicultural Societies Post-Conflict Societies Inclusivity Social Integration The topic of the research analyzed in this work is the relationship between legal reforms, justice, and social order with an emphasis on the role of the multicultural and post-conflict societies. It classifies these legal reforms which come as the response to societal wrongs of the past and a desire for parity as both integrating and disintegrative.  The paper discusses several categories of changes in the legal systems such as restorative and transitional justice measures and their impact on social interactions. By employing survey questionnaires, face-to-face interviews as well as case studies the study examines how marginalized youth elaborate on legal reforms and the changes that ensue in social contexts.  Furthermore, it underlines the need to involve all segments of the population and make social policies an inalienable part of legal reforms for the sake of the sustainable existence of both social justice and harmony. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sharia and Law, Islamia College Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Independent Researcher & Advocate Lower Court Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Research Assistant, Global Policy & Research Institute (GloPRI), Glasgow, Scotland, UK 2023-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/balancing-justice-and-social-harmony-the-impact-of-legal-reforms-on-community-cohesion https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-II).49 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Examining Political Representation of Women in Pakistan through Liberal Feminist Perspective: A Case Study of 2018 General Elections Sahera Khatoon Abdul Majid Women Political Participation Election Gender Gap Liberal Feminist Despite comprising half of Pakistan's population, women face significant hurdles in political engagement due to entrenched gender inequality and patriarchal structures. Despite measures like quotas, genuine participation remains limited. Liberal feminist theory advocates for addressing the root causes of gender disparity, advocating for gender-inclusive politics by removing institutional barriers. This paper examines structural impediments to women's political involvement in Pakistan, using a liberal feminist lens. It illuminates systemic challenges hindering gender parity in politics, evident in the 2018 general election despite reserved seats in parliament. Cultural norms, social constraints, and violence perpetuate gender inequalities, impeding women's active participation in political processes. This analysis underscores the persistent gender gap in political representation, urging comprehensive reforms to dismantle barriers obstructing women's full engagement in politics. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Centre for South Asian Studies University, Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Centre for South Asian Studies University, Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/examining-political-representation-of-women-in-pakistan-through-liberal-feminist-perspective-a-case-study-of-2018-general-elections https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Role of Informal Institutions in Climate Change Adaptive and Mitigative Measures: A Case Study of Jirga and Ashar Movement Muhammad Farhan Sheeba Irfan Hassan Taj Climate Change Mitigation Informal Institution Ashar Movement Jirga System This research delves into the significant role of informal institutions, notably the Ashar movement and the Jirga, in addressing climate change adaptation and mitigation. Operating within traditional frameworks for conflict resolution, these structures play a vital role in fostering societal harmony and environmental stewardship. Focusing on Baluchistan, Pakistan, where the Ashar movement originated, the study examines its grassroots initiatives in combating issues like deforestation. The Jirga, as an essential component, formulates resolutions that blend tradition with modern challenges. Employing qualitative analysis and case studies, the research underscores the impact of these informal institutions. It highlights the necessity for greater synergy between informal and formal mechanisms to bolster climate resilience. Advocating for policy recognition and integration of community-driven efforts, the study emphasizes the pivotal role of grassroots initiatives in effective climate governance. Humanity Publications Mphil Scholar, Department of International Relations, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD, South Asian Studies, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Mphil Scholar, Department of International Relations, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-informal-institutions-in-climate-change-adaptive-and-mitigative-measures-a-case-study-of-jirga-and-ashar-movement https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Disability Survey of Restaurants in Lahore Muhammad Taimur Sarwar Shua Tahir Amina Muntaqa Disability Accessibility Inclusivity Universal Design Restaurants Public Spaces Design for All The built environment in Pakistan has historically neglected to accommodate people with physical disabilities and continues to do so with no consideration for the severe limitations of such citizens. May they be restaurants, shopping centers, bus-stops, public-lavatories, there is no way for the handicapped to independently access these facilities. To demonstrate this issue in detail, a survey of about 80 restaurants was conducted in Lahore. These eateries are some of the busiest and high grossing restaurants and diners in their areas. The survey entailed evaluating the buildings that these places are housed in and their capacity to facilitate the physically challenged customers. The findings of this report have been documented in detail for policymakers, and designers in particular, in understanding the situation as it is. Accommodating the physically disabled population is a fundamental civic requirement and a human rights concern for any country of the world. In Pakistan it can no longer be overlooked or dismissed. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, COMSATS Universit.y, Islamabad, Pakistan Lecturer, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-disability-survey-of-restaurants-in-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Fostering a Sense of Belonging among Pakistani Youth: An Exploration of Cultural Heritage and Identity in the Reluctant Fundamentalist Muhammad Iqbal Rizwana Ahmad Muhammad Umair Pakistani Cultural Heritage Sense of Belonging Hybridity Third Space Othering This paper explores the complex relationship between Pakistani identity and cultural legacy in the framework of Mohsin Hamid's "The Reluctant Fundamentalist," with an emphasis on helping young people feel like they belong. The research tries to explore the manner in which the story navigates the challenges of cultural identity in a globalized society by drawing on sociocultural theories, especially Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model and Homi K. Bhabha's notions of hybridity and third space. Through the protagonist's trip, we are able to study the conflict between tradition and modernity, as well as East and West, and get insights into the processes that shape Pakistani identity today. This study compiles the body of research on juvenile development and cultural identity. The research aims to shed light on methods for promoting a sense of belonging among Pakistani youth, encouraging cross-cultural understanding, and building a more inclusive and interconnected global society by examining how the protagonist's cultural heritage affects how they perceive themselves and others. Humanity Publications Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan MPhil Scholar, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/fostering-a-sense-of-belonging-among-pakistani-youth-an-exploration-of-cultural-heritage-and-identity-in-the-reluctant-fundamentalist https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Sense of Guilt and Shame: An Interpretation of Abdulrazak Gurnah's Gravel Heart in Terms of Traumatic Neurosis Muhammad Sabboor Hussain Sitara Tariq Gravel Heart Abdulrazak Gurnah Psychoanalytic lens Cathy Caruth Traumatic Neurosis Guilt and Shame This paper examines Gravel Heart by Abdulrazak Gurnah through a psychoanalytic lens. Its framework stems from the theoretical underpinnings of Cathy Caruth’s traumatic neurosis to interpret the psychic state of the protagonist, Salim. It elucidates the reasons behind the character’s trapped psyche, which leads to a constant sensation of guilt and humiliation. It also sees how his psychological trauma affects others and results in deteriorating consequences. The qualitative method of textual analysis is implied. The researcher has found that the worst impacts of colonialism are the reasons behind Salim's painful circumstances and his regret and shame over past wrongdoings.Acute helplessness shatters his personality, and his previously repressed worries manifest as traumatic injuries, which highlights the neurotic symptoms described by Caruth. The current study highlights Caruth’s modified views on traumatic neurosis. In addition, this paper reconsiders the novel to urge society to reconsider human emotions in the contemporary era. Humanity Publications Professor, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of English, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sense-of-guilt-and-shame-an-interpretation-of-abdulrazak-gurnahs-gravel-heart-in-terms-of-traumatic-neurosis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Bullying in Schools: Students' Insights Sabeen Qamar Muhammad Faisal Farid abahat Parveen Bullying Physical Verbal Relational Cyber Child safety in educational institutions is a prime concern for stakeholders. The current study was planned to gather insights of learners, studying at various levels, regarding bullying in educational institutes. Data were gathered from 482 students studying in both public and private educational institutes. A self-reporting questionnaire, having 38 items with five factors, was used to collect data from both male and female students. The results showed that boys were more involved in bullying related activities than girls. Similarly, it was found that students studying in private sector educational institutes faced more bullying than students studying in government sector educational institutes. After analysis, the researchers found that boys faced more physical bullying, more relational bullying and cyber bullying than girls. It was also found that public educational institutions had more physical bullying and verbal bullying as compared to private educational institutions. The students of private schools faced more relational (social) bullying than students studying in public schools. The study had practical implications for stakeholders to curtail bullying for more effective learning environment in educational institutes in the country. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Virtual University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/bullying-in-schools-students-insights https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Effect of Extra Duties on the Psychological Wellbeing of the Teachers Saima Muhammad Obaid Aslam Afshan Gul Problems Teachers Extra Duties Questionnaire Teachers in Pakistan face additional responsibilities like election, polio vaccination, and administrative tasks, which negatively impact their students' academic performance. Thus the current research investigates the correlation between the additional duties assigned to teachers and their levels of stress and burnout, and the impact of extra duties on the psychological well-being and job satisfaction of teachers. A descriptive survey method was used, with 130 teachers from government secondary and higher secondary schools selected through cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used to identify problems faced by teachers, with validity assessed through expert opinions and reliability measured through pilot testing using SPSS. The study proposed that clear guidelines and expectations regarding extra duties to ensure that teachers understand their responsibilities and workload should be established, resources such as additional training, professional development opportunities, and administrative assistance to help teachers manage their workload effectively for a healthy work-life balance. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Regional Director, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-extra-duties-on-the-psychological-wellbeing-of-the-teachers https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

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An Ecocritical Content Analysis of Man-Nature Relationship in Jesse Stuart's "Clearing in the Sky" Amir Hafeez Malik Zahra Ahmad Abbasi Syed Awon Muhammad Bukhari Ecocritical Nature Man Relationship Content Analysis This study performs an Ecocritical content analysis of the representation of man and nature relationship as represented in Jesse Stuart's "Clearing in the Sky". The key themes focused on are Man-Nature relationships, Landscape as Character, Human Interaction with the Environment, and Ecological Consciousness, environmental motifs and the portrayal of the natural world within the text. The purpose of the study is to explore the Ecocritical dimensions portrayed in "Clearing in the Sky." The content analysis investigates the representation of nature, animals, birds, mountains, and fruit in the text and the complex interplay between humans and the natural environment as portrayed in Stuart's his most influential work. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the ecological dimensions of man-nature relationships, and their impact on humans within the literary text. Jesse Stuart has portrayed a positive picture of a man-nature relationship and reinforced the close bond between Jess's father and nature. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Literature, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-ecocritical-content-analysis-of-mannature-relationship-in-jesse-stuarts-clearing-in-the-sky https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Predictors of Islamic Religiosity in Youth who have Early Madrassah Education Muhammad Farhan Sara Rizvi Jafree Early Madrassah Education University Youth Islamic Religiosity Punjab Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peacebuilding The theory of lived religion proposes that people who are socialized by their early education system about religious beliefs have a stronger commitment to practice religion. At the same time, the integrative theory of peace argues that higher religiosity can play an instrumental role in peacebuilding within a nation. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between early Madrassah education and Islamic religiosity in university students, measured under five domains of (i) beliefs, (ii) commitment, (iii) intellectual experience, (iv) intrinsic values, and (v) practice. Using a quantitative methodology, a sample of 152 youth were sampled from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. We found that that Pakistani youth show high Islamic religiosity in two sub-domains of beliefs and commitment, but that they show low Islamic religiosity in in three sub-domains of intellectual experience, intrinsic values, and practice. The results also suggest that females and youth from KPK have greater Islamic religiosity, and that youth with greater spiritual values make higher financial contributions to the religious organization. The study concludes with key recommendations, some of which include the need for Madrassah. Humanity Publications Research Assistant, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Sociology, Chair & Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/predictors-of-islamic-religiosity-in-youth-who-have-early-madrassah-education https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Learning Capability: Mediating Role of Knowledge Management and Organizational Culture Muhammad Shafiq Saleem Ullah Khan Idrees Ali Shah Ability-motivation-opportunity Theory Organizational Learning Capability Knowledge Management Organizational Culture Transformational Leadership The study attempts to examine the effect of transformational leadership (TL) on organizational learning capability (OLC) and also tries to investigate the mediating roles of knowledge management (KM) and organizational culture. A survey was conducted to collect data from a sample of employees employed in software houses in the capital of Pakistan (Islamabad) using a predetermined questionnaire. Simple linear regression was used for direct relationships and Process Macro model-4 was used to test indirect relationships. The study findings make it obvious that TL significantly affects OLC in the software industry. In addition, KM and organizational culture significantly mediate the relationship between TL and OLC. This study broadens the theory of ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) by mentioning KM and organizational culture as key factors in enhancing an organization's learning capability.The study presented helpful insights for the organization's top management to ensure knowledge management activities and to maintain a harmonious environment for enhancing learning capabilities. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Institute of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Institute of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Institute of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2023-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-between-transformational-leadership-and-organizational-learning-capability-mediating-role-of-knowledge-management-and-organizational-culture https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2023(VIII-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 8, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Effects of University Teachers' Professional Ethics on their Students' Achievements Sajid Mahmood Sajid Yasmeen Khatoon Qaisar Abbas University Teachers Professional Ethics Students’ Achievements. This study investigates the impact of university teachers' professional ethics on the academic achievements of their students. Employing a descriptive research design and utilizing survey methods, the study focuses on graduation-level education at the University of Okara, Punjab. The population of the study encompasses students enrolled at the University of Okara, necessitating the use of convenient sampling techniques due to its size. Eight departments, including Botany, Chemistry, Education, English, Information Technology, Management Sciences, Mathematics, and Zoology, were selected for data collection. A self-developed Professional Ethics Rating Scale (PERS) was employed to measure the ethical conduct of teachers. The scale's validity was confirmed through expert opinion, and its reliability coefficient was determined to be 0.79. The study revealed a significant relationship between teacher ethics and student achievement. The findings underscore the importance of ethical conduct among university teachers and its profound influence on student academic performance. Humanity Publications Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English Language Center, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Shaikh Ayaz University, Shikarpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effects-of-university-teachers-professional-ethics-on-their-students-achievements https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Exploratory Study of the Trait "Friendliness and Gregariousness" In the Religious Domain and their Relation to Human Well-being Hafsah Ayaz Sadia Mushtaq Naila Mushtaq Friendliness Gregariousness Religious Domain Well- Being Psychology. This research investigates the characteristics of "Friendliness and Gregariousness "in the context of religion and their complex relationships to the welfare of people. The study emphasizes how crucial friendliness and gregariousness are to promoting healthy social dynamics. The intricate ways in which these characteristics are expressed within religious frameworks are revealed by the qualitative content analysis. By analyzing how the religious emphasis on friendliness and gregariousness coincides with scientific evidence on the positive effects of social connectivity on mental and emotional health, the research bridges the gap between religious beliefs and contemporary psychology theories. The study aims to contribute significant new data to the growing corpus of knowledge regarding the connection between friendliness and well-being by employing an interdisciplinary approach. The purpose of the study is to identify timeless principles that may lead people in many cultural and religious contexts toward a more satisfying and harmonious existence by investigating the universality of these features across different religious traditions. Humanity Publications Lecturer Islamic Studies, Department of Islamic Studies, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Comparative Religions, Faculty of Usul-ud-Din International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-exploratory-study-of-the-trait-friendliness-and-gregariousness-in-the-religious-domain-and-their-relation-to-human-wellbeing https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Investigating the Effectiveness of Community-Based Learning Programs in Promoting Social Inclusion and Equity in Punjab Sohail Naseer Rizwan Aziz Lubna Oad Effectiveness Community-Based Learning Programs Promoting Social Inclusion Equity in Punjab. The presented study finds out how well community-based learning initiatives in Punjab can promote social inclusion & equity. This report acknowledges the ongoing difficulties that underprivileged groups in Punjab confront due to the factors of social exclusion or injustice. Programs for community-based learning have become recognised as promising instruments for resolving these problems by promoting inclusive behaviours and empowering people. By analysing their outcomes including highlighting the essential aspects that led to their effectiveness, this study aims to investigate how these initiatives helped to address the problems of social inclusion and equity. The research used a quantitative method approach for gathering and analysing data. To gauge their perceptions of changing social inclusion as well as equity, individuals involved in community-based learning in the province of Punjab were surveyed as part of the quantitative part. Humanity Publications Ms Finance, Air University School of Management, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MS Management Sciences, Department of Public Administration, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/investigating-the-effectiveness-of-communitybased-learning-programs-in-promoting-social-inclusion-and-equity-in-punjab https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Predictors of Islamic Religiosity in Youth who have Early Madrassah Education Muhammad Farhan Sara Rizvi Jafree University Teachers Professional Ethics Students Achievements The theory of lived religion proposes that people who are socialized by their early education system about religious beliefs have a stronger commitment to practice religion. At the same time, the integrative theory of peace argues that higher religiosity can play an instrumental role in peacebuilding within a nation. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between early Madrassah education and Islamic religiosity in university students, measured under five domains of (i) beliefs, (ii) commitment, (iii) intellectual experience, (iv) intrinsic values, and (v) practice. Using a quantitative methodology, a sample of 152 youth were sampled from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. We found that that Pakistani youth show high Islamic religiosity in two sub-domains of beliefs and commitment, but that they show low Islamic religiosity in in three sub-domains of intellectual experience, intrinsic values, and practice. Humanity Publications Research Assistant, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Sociology, Chair and Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/predictors-of-islamic-religiosity-in-youth-who-have-early-madrassah-education https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Empowering Students with Intellectual Disability: Role of Assistive Devices Ayesha Ayub Almas Shoaib Faisal Amjad Intellectual Disability Assistive Devices Special Need Education. Assistive technologies may be useful in empowering students with intellectual disabilities, and teachers can use them to assist their students learn and accomplish at the highest levels possible. This study explains how teachers who work with special students with intellectual disabilities perceive the support functions of assistive technology. Twelve teachers who work with students with intellectual disabilities were interviewed by the researcher. Interview data was analyzed by using IPA. The findings of this study may be useful when evaluating support for people with intellectual disabilities, not just in education but also in vocational training, employment support, and work from home. Quick Response triggers on printed cards to activate movies that model the sequence of actions or directions for performing a task using assistive technology. Students can learn, and practice the procedures and skills taught in school and at work at their own pace and in a safe setting using this technology. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar: Department of Education, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Special Education, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/empowering-students-with-intellectual-disability-role-of-assistive-devices https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Parental and Community Involvement in Promoting Inclusive Education: A Focus on Pakistan Yaar Muhammad Yasira Waqar Faisal Anis Inclusive Education Parental involvement Community Engagement Pakistan Educational Equity Collaborative Partnerships Sociocultural Challenges Parents and community play a central role in developing inclusive educational practices, with parental involvement being a key driving force. This discussion paper critically examines global research on parental and community involvement, understanding its various dimensions in line with inclusive education. It highlights the significance of collaboratively developing and implementing educational plans through working with schools, parents, and communities. The importance of synergic collaboration among stakeholders is emphasised, providing a conducive learning environment for all students, including those with special needs. Various models, and strategies for parental and community involvement are discussed, considering cultural and contextual factors. Building trust, open communication, and mutual respect are crucial for greater parental involvement. This paper explores using schools as a means of negotiating conflicts between home and school, draws benefits of increasing parent and community involvement, and provides recommendations to policymakers and practitioners for enhancing their involvement in addressing Pakistan’s crucial educational challenges. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Education, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/parental-and-community-involvement-in-promoting-inclusive-education-a-focus-on-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Movements in Hybrid Regimes: The Rise of PTM in Pakistan Numan Khan Waqar Ali Khan Mian Sohail Ahmad Social Moment Hybrid Regime PTM Scholars have ignored regime type as a crucial element affecting social movement mobilization due to political opportunity structures. Even little is known about hybrid regimes and disputes. Understanding social movement's hidden or unintentional repercussions is another gap. This study uses the Pashtun Tahafuz (protection) Movement (PTM) of Pakistan to address this academic gap by studying social movements under hybrid regimes like Pakistan. The research finds that dual (emanating from both the military and political organs of the state) and haphazard repression by a hybrid regime, characterized by military dominance and limited political opportunity structure, can temporarily slow social movement mobilization but not stop it. In the long term, the movement becomes stronger and mobilizes against the state. As a result of its mobilization and advancement, a social movement under such a regime may also affect other social movements. Humanity Publications Undergraduate, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-movements-in-hybrid-regimes-the-rise-of-ptm-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai & Status of Women: Status of Women in Shah Jo Risalo; an Idealized Portrayal of Sassui in Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai’s Sur Sassui Aburi Sana Amjad Wave of Feminism in Southern Areas of Pakistan Feminism in the Sindh of Sub- Continent Seven Queens of Sindh Sassui Punhun Women Empowerment in Kalhora Dynasty Feminist Discourse in Contemporary Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai's depiction of Sassui in his poetry serves as a powerful call to women in Sindh in particular and the rest of Latif’s audience, in general, to break free from societal constraints. Sassui's tragic love story symbolizes the struggles faced by women in pursuit of true love, yet her unwavering determination, faith, and loyalty remain unshaken. This research focuses on the portrayal of Sassui in eleven Dastans from Sur Sassui Aburi, translated by Sheikh Ayaz. Shah Latif's representation of Sassui across five Sur of Shah Jo Risalo inspired women across the subcontinent, particularly in Sindh. Through qualitative thematic analysis, this study explores Shah Latif's efforts to amplify Sassui's voice beyond his era, showcasing his feminist perspective and vision. It aims to inspire contemporary Pakistani women to stand up against the regimented norms and defy the social, psychological, and legal barriers that restrict their liberties and will. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages (Numl), Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/shah-abdul-latif-bhittai-status-of-women-status-of-women-in-shah-jo-risalo-an-idealized-portrayal-of-sassui-in-shah-abdul-latif-bhittais-sur-sassui-aburi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Television Drama Viewing on Feminist Awareness: A Study in Lahore, Pakistan Irem Sultana Aiman Badar Sadaf Irtaza Television Dramas Feminist Awareness Traditional Gender Roles Beliefs Working Mothers This study assesses how watching TV dramas affects women's awareness of feminism in Lahore, Pakistan. Information is gathered through the online survey method (n=200) from female students of various public and private universities in Lahore. The study analyzes the impact of demographic factors, including age, education level, maternal education, and employment status, on young women's beliefs about traditional gender roles and their inclination toward feminism. The results of the study lend credence to the idea that feminist ideals—represented in television dramas and mothers' employment status—influence children's views on gender roles (H1 & H4). In addition, the findings indicate that education plays a significant role in forming feminist beliefs, particularly among female viewers who watch television dramas regularly (H3). However, the lack of statistical significance in the majority of models makes it impossible to definitively conclude that age has a significant impact on feminist beliefs among television drama viewers (H2). Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Media Studies, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-television-drama-viewing-on-feminist-awareness-a-study-in-lahore-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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From Prejudice to Print: American Newspapers and the Reporting of Black Murders Anila Rahman Shumaila Ashee Sabeen Corpus-based Analysis Ideology Racism CDA Ideological Square The present study explores the inherent ideologies of newspaper discourse and the subjugation of the readers to the said ideologies. 30 articles reporting Black murders by White policemen published in The New York Times, USA Today and Washington Post between 2014-2021 are used for creating three corpora of 25,561 words in total. AntCon 3.5.9 is used to generate the wordlist, N-Grams and concords; and LancsBox 6.0 is used to annotate the corpora.The study uses Critical Discourse Analysis and the Ideological Square Model of Van Dijk as its framework. The findings reveal that the use of certain lexical items plays a significant role in the construction of a discourse that abets the manipulation of the news. The deliberate omission of the ethnic identity of the victims and linguistically naturalizing the murders in the Washington Post makes it a racist and partial reporter of crimes. The New York Times and USA Today lean towards pro-black discourse. Humanity Publications Graduate Scholar, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/from-prejudice-to-print-american-newspapers-and-the-reporting-of-black-murders https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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A Study on the Economic Strategies Employed by the Nomadic Moor Community Residing along the Chenab River Bank from an Anthropological Perspective Altaf Ghani Hassam Ahmad Hashmi Dure Sadaf Nomadic Economic Strategies Moor Community Anthropological Perspective This anthropological study delves into the economic strategies and mechanisms of the nomadic Moor community living alongside the Chenab River. Witnessing the unique economic practices that nomadic communities, such as the Moors, develop due to their cultural and environmental influences is truly captivating. This study aims to explore the Moor community's intricate economic activities in the Chenab River bank area. Ethnographic research methods will be utilized to uncover these complexities, including participant observation, interviews, and historical and contemporary data analysis. This study seeks to understand how the Moor community navigates economic obstacles while maintaining their nomadic way of life. It achieves this by examining their resource utilization patterns, trade networks, and strategies for making a living. Furthermore, this study explores the wider anthropological context of the Chenab River bank region, examining the complex connection between the economic practices of the Moor community and the social, cultural, and environmental dynamics of the area. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, University of Sultan Zainal Abadin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Visiting Lecturer, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjuab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-study-on-the-economic-strategies-employed-by-the-nomadic-moor-community-residing-along-the-chenab-river-bank-from-an-anthropological-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Narrative of Oppression and Struggle Among the Women of Kashmir: A Subaltern Study of Behold, I Shine by Freny Manecksha Salman Ali Ummer Awais Summia Masood Kashmir Kashmiri Women Narratives Subaltern Marginalized Kashmiri literature highlights the major themes of oppression and the continuous struggle by Kashmiris in their cause for independence. Millions of Kashmiris have suffered from human rights violations by Indian troops. Among them, the most disturbed are women and children. This paper focuses on the narratives of Kashmiri women and how they spend their lives in Indian-occupied Kashmir while highlighting the theoretical underpinning of female subalterns. In which women are suppressed, oppressed, and kept voiceless among their people. In Kashmir, women have been raped, assaulted, and marginalized by Indian troops and to lower their voices they are given the amount of ex gratia which acts as a bandage to heal the wounds. The paper will explore how Indian troops have colonized the land how they have been treating women in Kashmir, and what role women play in their call for azadi. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Griffith University, Australia. Lecturer, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-narrative-of-oppression-and-struggle-among-the-women-of-kashmir-a-subaltern-study-of-behold-i-shine-by-freny-manecksha https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Plight of Intersex Individuals: Examination of Marginalization in Pakistan through Faiqa Mansab's This House of Clay and Water Yusra Fatima Amara Khan Gender binaries Intersex Marginalization Pakistan Stigmatization. This article aims to shed light on the discrimination, stigmatization, and marginalization experienced by intersex individuals in heteronormative Pakistani society. Intersex individuals face social ostracization in Pakistan. The primary goal of this study is to examine how Bhanggi, the protagonist of Faiqa Mansab's novel This House of Clay and Water (2017), suffers psychologically, physically, and mentally due to the unacceptance of his gender and the strict gender constraints of South Asia, specifically Pakistan. The in-depth analysis of Bhanggi's character helps in understanding the day-to-day struggles and significant obstacles encountered by intersex individuals, especially due to their gender identity. Using the conceptual framework of Sigmund Freud's personality theory, the study also contends that Bhanggi is victimized and condemned throughout his life because of his gender identification and societal prejudice. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate professor, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-plight-of-intersex-individuals-examination-of-marginalization-in-pakistan-through-faiqa-mansabs-this-house-of-clay-and-water https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Analysis of Mothers-in-Laws' Negotiation with Patriarchy through Gender Perspectives Hira Malik Samina Riaz Fareeha Anjum Patriarchy Mothers-in-Law Daughters-in- Law Negotiation This study is investigating the power relationship between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law through qualitative research design, to understand dimensions of their relationships and how their behavior endorse patriarchy into the culture. Six mothers of sons whose daughter in laws are living with them and six mothers of married daughters who were living with their in-law were included in the sample. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and transcribed interviews were analyzed. Findings revealed that mothers-in-law negotiate with patriarchy in domestic affairs, promote control of men on resources and decision making, and do not challenge their authority. They control their daughters-in-law in household whether it is domestic, financial, family matter, and social mobility, yet allow them to do jobs and spend their earnings on themselves.Daughters-in-laws are also negotiating with patriarchy for adopting professional choices, dealing with household responsibilities and dealing with personal matters. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Gender and Development Studies, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Gender and Development Studies, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Gender and Development Studies, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/analysis-of-mothersinlaws-negotiation-with-patriarchy-through-gender-perspectives https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Netflix Effect: Exploring the Influence of LGBTQ Content on Pakistani Young Adults Syeda Duaa Batool Amrah Malik Netflix Effect Exposure Frequency LGBTQ Content The study aims to investigate the exposure frequency of Pakistani young adults to LGBTQ content on Netflix and to examine the influence of Netflix’s LGBTQ content on the future acceptance of sexual minorities among Pakistani young adults. The conceptual framework is developed around Cultivation Theory. The study also employs a rigorous quantitative method using a cross-sectional survey of 200 Netflix users between the ages of 18 and 26, 100 males and 100 females, through purposive sampling. The participants are selected from the media and mass communication departments of four universities chosen from the QS ranking 2024, with 25 males and 25 females from each university. The collected data is subjected to frequency, correlation, and regression tests using SPSS for further analysis. The findings of the study revealed a statistically clear connection between Netflix LGBTQ content consumption and a shift in attitudes among young Pakistani adults. Humanity Publications MPhil, School of Creative Arts, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Creative Arts, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-netflix-effect-exploring-the-influence-of-lgbtq-content-on-pakistani-young-adults https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Content Analysis of Drama Promos: Exploring Instances of Violence Against Women across three Leading Pakistani TV Channels Zaeem Yasin Shazia Ismail Toor Sidra Iqbal TV Promos Violence Against Women Social Cognitive Theory Physical Violence This study investigates the portrayal of violence against women in Pakistani TV drama promos, employing Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory. A quantitative content analysis of drama promos from three channels was conducted. The study revealed a staggering prevalence of violence, with 97% of the promos featuring some form of violence against women. In a bid to determine the frequency of foul language across all the channels, only 1% was found. The analysis also revealed that the overwhelming majority of violence took place in domestic settings, accounting for 77 percent of all cases. 8% of the cases and intimate partners and relative females were often the perpetrators or victims of violence, accounting for 40 percent. 4% and 23. respectively, it was observed in 2 out of 100 instances, and 2 out of 100 instances, respectively. These results provided further evidence of the pattern of physical violence portrayed in these channels, which indicated the violent portrayal of women. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Schlor, Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/content-analysis-of-drama-promos-exploring-instances-of-violence-against-women-across-three-leading-pakistani-tv-channels https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Exploring the Experiences of Midwives in the Provision of Postpartum Contraceptive Counselling to Rural Women in Pakistan: A Qualitative Approach Amna Iftikhar Khalil ur Rahman Umar Ali Contraceptive Counselling Midwives Challenges Availability This study was conducted to examine the challenges faced by midwives in providing postpartum contraceptive counseling services to women in the rural area of Lahore city of Punjab Province, Pakistan. A qualitative research method was used wherein twenty study participants (midwives) purposively selected in the targeted locale were interviewed using a Semi-Structured Interview (SSI). The collected data was secured in the form of field notes which were subsequently analyzed while extracting four themes including (i) involvement of the client's family (ii) misinterpretation about the use of contraception (iii) contraception availability (iv) religious perspective on contraception. This study concluded that midwives are facing challenges from family, culture, and community while providing postpartum contraceptive counseling to rural women. Furthermore, the study also concluded that the personal choices, values, and religious beliefs of women also pose a significant challenge for midwives in providing contraceptive counseling to rural women in Pakistan. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Sociology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2024-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-experiences-of-midwives-in-the-provision-of-postpartum-contraceptive-counselling-to-rural-women-in-pakistan-a-qualitative-approach https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-I).17 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Impact of Gender Diversity on Real Earnings Management: Evidence from BRIC Public Listed Non-Financial Firms Haseena Zaib Muhammad Ilyas Muhammad Yusuf Amin Real Earnings Management Gender diversity Corporate Governance Weak corporate governance (CG) practices have been cited as a major factor that causes financial disasters. However, gender diversity (GD) is considered one of these factors that can reduce the effects of such crises. This study, uses 712 publicly listed firms from 2017 to 2022, to investigate the effect of GD on real earning management (REM). Controlvariables such as firm size, leverage, current ratio, and state-owned enterprises are also used in this study. The findings of this study report that there is a statistically significant relationship between REM with GD. It means that companies having a female on board less engage in REM. Furthermore, the findings of this study can help policymakers, practitioners, and researchers create focused interventions and strategies that will support GD and sustainable business practices in the BRIC economies. Therefore, results suggest encouraging GD in the board to reduce the level of REM. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Accounting and Finance, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/impact-of-gender-diversity-on-real-earnings-management-evidence-from-bric-public-listed-nonfinancial-firms https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Punjab Police: Leadership Styles and Burnout in Bahawalpur District Hafiz Ghulam Muhtada Zil-e-Huma Rafique Ghulam Mustafa Leadership Style Organizational Engagement Punjab Police Bahawalpur The present study investigates how leadership styles can lead to burnout and organizational engagement via sample of 100 officers from the executive arm of the Punjab Police Department. A random sampling method was used based on primary sources. The required information was obtained from Bahawalpur District police. Data analysis for this research is done using correlation and multiple linear regression, while Cronbach's alpha is used to evaluate the survey instrument's reliability. Additionally, the regression results show that there is no considerable and instantaneous effect of transformational leadership on job burnout. In addition, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles significantly lead to job burnout. In the Punjab Police Agency, its leadership applies transactional and laissez-faire approaches which results rise in turnover levels year after year within the organization. Given the results, senior management should therefore consider and implement guidelines that encourage revolutionary approaches towards managing people in leadership to minimize burnout. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/punjab-police-leadership-styles-and-burnout-in-bahawalpur-district https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Violence and Gender: A Critical Analysis of Print Media Reportings of Noor Mukadam’s Case Saman Suleman Butt Muhammad Akbar Khan Sawera Khalid CDA Pint Media Reporting Gender-Based Violence Noor Mukadam Case Patri This study aims to analyze headlines of print media articles of Noor Mukadam's murder case to understand how it reflected the state of misogyny and patriarchy in Pakistan. The three-dimensional model introduced by Norman Fairclough is used as an analytical framework. The findings of the study have shown the role of print media in portraying a society gasping under the heavy pall of patriarchy and toxic masculinity linked with Noor Mukadam's murder case. Print media chose such titles to provoke thought and discussion to challenge societal norms. The titles suggested a harsh reality where young women were not given the opportunities, respect, or safety they deserved. Print media tried to evoke emotional responses and engage readers. Studies investigating how topics or events are presented are crucial for understanding how media shapes perception by defining issues attributing causes making moral judgments and proposing solutions. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Languages, The University of Chenab, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/violence-and-gender-a-critical-analysis-of-print-media-reportings-of-noor-mukadams-case https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Exploring the Role of OPT: Trauma Narratives and Community Building in Times of War and Crisis Rabia Khan Aqdas Khanam Basirat Moeen Kali Tal other People’s Trauma Collective Trauma Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) Narrative Therapy Testimony Delving into Tal’s theory of other people’s trauma (OPT), this qualitative study investigates the importance of fostering community and sharing traumatic experience among war survivors with respect to Born Under a Million Shadows (2009) by Andria Busfield. The major focus of the study is the exploration of the way the trauma narratives engage in the process of collective healing, resilience and post-traumatic growth (PTG) and retrieval. The research is concerned with explaining the role of OPT in community building and narrativization of trauma, ultimately asserting the impact of OPT on invidiual and collective healing and recovery. By doing this, the research will enrich the existing knowledge on psychology, social work, academia and conflict resolution, emphasizing the significance of integrating OPT into community development initiatives and trauma care services. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, Women University Multan, Punajb, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government College for Women University Faisalabad, FAPunajb, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, University of Sahiwal, Punajb, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-role-of-opt-trauma-narratives-and-community-building-in-times-of-war-and-crisis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Intersectionality of Survivalism and Sustainability: An Ecocritical Exploration of Anthropocentric and Biocentric Narratives in Richard Powers' The Overstory Muhammad Iqbal Hania Amir Zareen Raza Ecocriticism Survivalism Sustainability Anthropocentrism Biocentrism The ongoing study explores the intersection of survivalism and sustainability within Richard Powers' The Overstory (2018) employing Joseph Meeker's ecocritical perspective. It explores how the novel presents contrasting narratives of anthropocentrism and biocentrism concerning mankind's relationship with the natural world. The examination reveals the impediments of survivalist attitudes that focus on human conservation over ecological well-being. It contrasts with the biocentric narratives woven into the characters' significant associations with trees, enlightening their potential to cultivate a more just and sustainable future for all life on Earth. By employing a comparative approach, the study establishes connections between the novel's themes and the contemporary ecological challenges plaguing our planet today. The study also encourages scholars to speculate on the integrated role in ensuring environmental survival and sustainability. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English, Muslim Youth University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Undergraduate, Department of English, University of Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/intersectionality-of-survivalism-and-sustainability-an-ecocritical-exploration-of-anthropocentric-and-biocentric-narratives-in-richard-powers-the-overstory https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Rising Gentrification of Thrifting within the context of Pakistan: Attitudes towards the practice & consequences of its destigmatization Saliha Kamran Shamaila Athar Athar Azeem Thrifting Destigmatization Social Class Gentrification University Students The following paper aims to shed light on the growing relevance of the momentum of purchasing second-hand clothing amongst middle/ upper-middle class youngsters in through an effective qualitative analysis and the conduction of ten semi-structured interviews of female students hailing from Forman Christian College, Lahore, Pakistan. It also aims to underline the many possible causes of the need for such gentrification of the practice of‘thrifting’ in relation to greater conversations surrounding social class behavior and social media utilization as well as the possible impacts of such gentrification and acceptability on conventional thrifting markets and their traditionally and historically working class purchasers. The results of the study demonstrate a clear relationship between rising gentrification of thrifting within the country owing to greater upper-class integration within the practice, as well as the ways in which it can potentially be a source of concern for local flea markets. Humanity Publications Undergraduate, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-rising-gentrification-of-thrifting-within-the-context-of-pakistan-attitudes-towards-the-practice-consequences-of-its-destigmatization https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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An Examination of the Conceptual Framework around the Constitutional Abolition of Article 370 in the Indian Constitution and its Socio-Political Consequences for Pakistan Sikandar Khan Haji Ur Rahman Shagufta Shah Articles 370 35-A Indian Constitution Jammu and Kashmir Over the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India and Pakistan have been at enmity since the subcontinent was divided into two distinct states. Prime Minister Nehru reiterated the statement, ensuring that the people of Kashmir would depart immediately if they desired an Indian departure. The region's provisional agreement with India's main territory was subsequently guaranteed by Articles 370 and 35-A of the Indian Constitution. In this study, the consequences and impact of India's annulment of Article 370 on Pakistan are evaluated. The research study takes a qualitative approach, focusing primarily on secondary sources of data based on document analysis. The primary findings of the study indicate that the deteriorating law and order situation in Kash is primarily due to the abrogation of Article 370 in the Indian Constitution. This will have a huge impact on Pakistan's security paradigm by making her more vulnerable to India's hegemonic designs. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Sociology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. MPhil, Development Practitioner and Social Activist, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-examination-of-the-conceptual-framework-around-the-constitutional-abolition-of-article-370-in-the-indian-constitution-and-its-sociopolitical-consequences-for-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Midwives's Procedure of Counselling in Giving Postpartum Contraceptive Counselling to Rural Women in Pakistan Amna Iftikhar Umar Ali Shakeel Ahmad Contraceptive Counselling Procedure Midwives This research study is designed to examine the procedure of counseling faced by midwives in providing postpartum contraceptive counseling services to women in rural areas. A qualitative, inductive study was conducted with 20 midwives working in rural areas. The interviews had semi-structured questions. Thematic analysis was used for the analysis. The study \was conducted in a rural area of Lahore, Pakistan. This study showed that the current level of knowledge of midwives about contraception is adequate as they do not face any problem in giving counseling on contraception in rural areas. There is a great need for policymakers and field workers to better encourage spacing methods and couple incentives to embrace rural women. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. Community Development Officer, Forest Department, District Torghar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/midwivess-procedure-of-counselling-in-giving-postpartum-contraceptive-counselling-to-rural-women-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Impact of Religiosity on Emotional Intelligence and Creative Thinking Abilities in University Students Sara Sajjad Muhammad Arshad Gulzar Hussain Religiosity Emotional Intelligence Creative Thinking Skills This study explores the relationship between university students' emotional intelligence, religiosity, and creative thinking skills. Creative thinking is crucial for innovation and job creation, while emotional intelligence involves understanding and managing emotions, which are vital for a successful life. Using a descriptive research method, data were collected from 120 university students selected through convenience sampling. Three scales measured emotional intelligence, religiosity, and creative thinking skills. The analysis revealed a relationship among these variables, indicating that emotions, mediated by religiosity, can enhance creative thinking skills in students. Most respondents agreed that they can regulate their emotions, and the study highlighted that religion aids in emotion regulation. Religion helps manage emotions in critical situations, promoting calmness and creative thinking. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Sub-Campus, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Sub-Campus Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Sub-Campus, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-religiosity-on-emotional-intelligence-and-creative-thinking-abilities-in-university-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Analyzing Feminist Ideologies and Aspirations: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Last Excerpt of Durrani's My Feudal Lord Hafiz Abdul Haseeb Hakimi Palwasha Ali Shahid Aslam critical discourse analysis feminism ideologies my feudal lord patriarchy The study investigates the last excerpt of Durrani's My Feudal Lord (1994). The study aims to explore feminist ideologies and aspirations expressed in the text. Purposive sampling of the last excerpt of Durrani's My Feudal Lord is done as it concludes the whole book. Fairclough's three-dimensional model is used as a theoretical framework. Findings reveal that, at the description level, values of words and grammatical elements show the contestation between patriarchal thoughts and feminist aspirations. At the interpretation level, the interpretation of the text reveals that Khar, through harsh words, represented patriarchal thought, which is challenged by Durrani and the interpretation of context reveals the silence of women as the primary cause of increasing male dominance. At the explanation level, the excerpt seems non-normative as it challenges patriarchal oppression and empowers women to define their own essence as Durrani decides to break the traditional silence. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Bahuddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. SST (Secondary School Teacher), Elementary and Higher Secondary Education, Mardan, KP , Pakistan. MPhil English, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/analyzing-feminist-ideologies-and-aspirations-a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-the-last-excerpt-of-durranis-my-feudal-lord https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Challenges Faced by L.H.W for Providing Domestic Healthcare Services in Kallar Syedan Aimen Naheed Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry L.H.W Domestic Health Services Polio Mother and Child's Health CMWs Family Planning This study is an attempt to find out the difficulties or challenges that are faced by L.H.W (Lady Health Workers) in Tehsil Kallar Syedan. In domestic healthcare, these health workers provide basic nursing care in rural and urban communities. Lady health workers face issues in providing domestic health care services. They promote a hygienic environment. The main aim of the study is to know about the problems of L.H.W and their duties as well as to identify the reasons or the causes of emerging issues for lady health workers. This study included 10 participants and took 3 months to complete. It was conducted in Tehsil Kallar Syedan. The study used a qualitative research design and an explanatory method to understand the challenges of the L.H.W. Sample drawn by purposive sampling and an in- depth interview method was used as a tool for data collection. For this study, thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University - PMAS AAUR Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor & Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/challenges-faced-by-lhw-for-providing-domestic-healthcare-services-in-kallar-syedan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Role of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Aggression in the Developing Hypertension Tendencies among Young Adults Muhammad Bilal Zain-ul-Islam Rabia Nasir Aggression Anxiety Depression Patients of Hypertension Stress The main purpose of this study is to determine how depression, anxiety, stress, and aggression relate to young adults diagnosed with hypertension. In this study, a correlational research design is used. The target population for this study was chosen using a purposive technique. The final sample comprised 200 people, equally divided across the genders (n = 100) female and (n = 100) male. Simple counts, simple percentages, mean, and standard deviation were all part of the descriptive analysis. The study's hypotheses are tested using inferential statistics, such as person correlation, multiple linear regression, and the t-test of independent samples analysis. Depression, anxiety, stress, and aggression are measured using the appropriate scales. SPSS is used to examine the data. Recommendations, consequences, and limits of the current study are discussed in the conclusion of the thesis. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar (Clinical Psychology), Department of Applied Psychology, Riphah International University (RIU), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil. Scholar (Clinical Psychology), Department of Applied Psychology, Riphah International University (RIU), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar (Clinical Psychology), Department of Applied Psychology, Riphah International University (RIU), Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-role-of-depression-anxiety-stress-and-aggression-in-the-developing-hypertension-tendencies-among-young-adults https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Effects of Physical Exercise on Managing Depression, Anxiety, and Attitude Change among Female College Students Nadia Sharif Yasmeen Tabassum Badar Mohy ud Din Physical Exercise Anxiety Depression College Students In the past few years, the mental health of students, particularly females, has emerged as a growing concern worldwide. The study was designed to determine the effect between exercise and mental health status among female students. Thirty female students were selected. The research design employed was an experimental research design involving an eight-week training program that was randomly administered to players with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Pretest and post-test intervention readings assessed the players' responses using standardized measures such as the Burns Anxiety Inventory, Burns Depression Inventory, and Attitudes Toward Exercise and Physical Activity. Burns Anxiety Inventory results concluded there were significant score reductions in relation to anxious feelings, anxious thoughts, and physical symptoms with p-values of <.0001. The Burns Depression Inventory also proved that checklist scores for depression had reduced significantly. The attitude toward exercise andphysical activity changed significantly with mean scores increasing. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, University of the Punjab Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D Scholar, Department of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, University of the Punjab Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-effects-of-physical-exercise-on-managing-depression-anxiety-and-attitude-change-among-female-college-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Emotional Competence, Religiosity, and Pro-Social Behavior Among Adolescents Afifa Fatima Irshad Muhammad Luqman Khan Tariq Mahmood Social Emotional Competence Religiosity Pro-Social Behavior Adolescence Present study measured the relationship between Social Emotional Competence, Religiosity, and Pro-Social behavior among Adolescents. Study conducted on following hypotheses 1). There would be a significant relationship between Social-Emotional Competence and Religiosity among Adolescence.2). There would be a significant relationship between Religiosity and Pro-social behavior among Adolescence. 3). There would be a significant impact of Social Emotional Competence on Pro-social behavior of Adolescence.4). There would be a significant impact of Religiosity on Pro-Social behavior of Adolescence. Sample of the study was 200 students, and the data was collected from the different government and private colleges located in Faisalabad. To calculate the data psychological measures were used 1) The Social-Emotional Competence (SEC) 2) The Religiosity scale for Youth 3) The Altruistic personality scale to measure the Pro-social behavior of Adolescence. SPSS's used for analysis of t-test, regression, and Pearson correlation. Study showed that there is significant relationship between variables. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-emotional-competence-religiosity-and-prosocial-behavior-among-adolescents https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Social Media as a Helping Tool for Journalists: A Study on the Use of Facebook, X, and Instagram by Mardan-Based Journalists Muhammad Shahid Social Media Facebook Instagram X Twitter Mardan Pakistan This study investigates how Mardan-based journalists utilize Facebook, X, and Instagram. It focuses on how useful social media is for them in carrying out their professional duties. The study intends to investigate how often and how journalists use Facebook, which particular features and functions they find most helpful, what kinds of content are shared, and how the pros and cons of using Facebook for professional journalism are perceived. Thirty journalists in Mardan were surveyed using the study's convenient sampling method and quantitative approach. The findings show that although journalists use a variety of social media sites, Facebook stands out as a particularly helpful resource for information collecting and distribution. The results provide credence to the theory that social media, particularly Facebook, helps journalists fulfill their professional obligations. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences (RIMS), Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-media-as-a-helping-tool-for-journalists-a-study-on-the-use-of-facebook-x-and-instagram-by-mardanbased-journalists https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Childhood Trauma, Perceived Social Support, and Post-Partum Depression among Newly Married Women after Miscarriage Anam Naz Aqsa Sattar Sitwat Fatima Childhood Trauma Perceived Social Support Post-Partum Depression Married Women with First Time Miscarriage The study examined childhood trauma, perceived social support, and postpartum depression in married women with first-time miscarriages. After reviewing the literature, these hypotheses were formed. 1).Childhood trauma, perceived social support, and postpartum depression are significantly associated with newly married women with first miscarriage. 2)Early trauma and support networks are two major contributors to the new-onset maternal depression in newly married women experiencing a first perinatal loss. 3). There are significant family system differences in early trauma, support networks, and new-onset maternal depression for newly married women experiencing a first perinatal loss. The research has surveyed 250 newly married females in the b/t age group of 18–35 years after their first loss event. The sample includes public and private hospitals in Lahore and Faisalabad. Calculations were done according to the psychological measures: 1)Childhood Trauma Questionnaire 2)Perceived Social Support, and 3) Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data analysis was done through SPSS. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD. Scholar, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Psychology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/childhood-trauma-perceived-social-support-and-postpartum-depression-among-newly-married-women-after-miscarriage https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Perceived Impact of Social Media on Family and Social Relationships in Saudi Arabia Asma Alolyan Asiya Siddiquee Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Internet Usage The Factor of Attitudes The Pattern of Relations This article endeavors to investigate the effect of technology adoption on the social changes acknowledged in the realms of Saudi Arabia in the context of the issue that has recently seen a ginormous usage of internet access, particularly in the last decade. Adopting a mixed methods approach, 300 young people aged between 18 and 30 years were sampled from two universities and one high school in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who later took part in both questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews. The objective entailed implying that web browsing caused temporal shifting, thus making real-time social communication distanced, and revealing any changes in the traditional values/norms. The study indicates a significant shift in women's social relations in KSA, with internet usage allowing them to break traditional norms and alter cultural acceptance and social relationships. Humanity Publications Independent Researcher, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, The Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK. Senior Lecture, Department of Psychology, Leeds Trinity University, Horsforth, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-perceived-impact-of-social-media-on-family-and-social-relationships-in-saudi-arabia https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Insiders and the Outsiders in Short Fiction: Is the Behaviour of Women and Men Determined by Living in and Living Out? Abdul Qayyum Muhammad Bilal Khan Inam Ullah Insiders Outsiders Gender roles Stereotypical traits Feminist Stylistics The study discusses traditional gender roles and the resulting behavior in the selected works of short fiction. These gender roles dictate that men must work outside to provide for their families while women are compelled to remain inside the house, taking care of children and doing household chores. These roles are accompanied by different stereotypical traits: Men are thought to have positive traits like rationality and bravery while women are said to possess negative traits like sentimentality and cowardice. As writers are also part of society, so we can expect to see the same gendered thinking in their creation. This research takes up five short stories and looks at the behavioral traits of male and female characters and the connection of these traits with the fact that males are outsiders and females are insiders. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government Degree College No.1, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Government Degree College No.1, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-insiders-and-the-outsiders-in-short-fiction-is-the-behaviour-of-women-and-men-determined-by-living-in-and-living-out https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Islamic Socialism and Communist Socialism: A Review of Comparative Analytical Studies Nighat Farid Tanveer Anjum Aisha Farid Socialism Capitalism Islamic Socialism Communism The paper reviews studies that compare Communist Socialism and Islamic Socialism to explore how Islamic Socialism is a viable alternative to both Communism and Capitalism. It investigates the shortcomings of Capitalism, which caused the emergence of the idea of socialism. The paper also discusses the strong endorsement of Islamic Socialism by prominent Muslim scholars to inspire confidence in its legitimacy. The analysis reveals that Islamic revival movements that arose during the era of Western political domination emphasized values shared by Islam and the rest of the world and initiated the concept of Islamic Socialism. The principles of Socialism, such as the government’s ownership of productive units and the establishment of social welfare programs, align with Islamic teachings on social justice. In Islam, Zakat serves as a form of funding for welfare programs and social services, reflecting the religion's compassion and concern for the poor. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Government College for Women, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/islamic-socialism-and-communist-socialism-a-review-of-comparative-analytical-studies https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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University Students' Satisfaction and its Effect on Positive Youth Development: A Gender-Based Comparison from Pakistan Akhtar Ali Khalid Saleem Shehzad Ahmad University Students’ Satisfaction Positive Youth Development Students’ Experiences Gender-Based Comparison This study investigates university students’ satisfaction and its implications for positive youth development (PYD), focusing on gender-based comparisons. Through a comprehensive analysis of survey data gathered from a diverse sample of university students, this research explores how various aspects of university students’ satisfaction, including reliability, responsiveness, tangibles, assurance, and empathy influence PYD attributes. The students of 06 public sector general category universities studying in the 1st year (1st and 2nd semester) and the last year (7th and 8th semester) of the BS 4-year program were the target population. By examining potential gender differences in the satisfaction-PYD relationship, this study sheds light on the unique challenges and opportunities faced by male and female students in Pakistan’s higher education institutions. The results indicated a significant, and positive relationship between university students’ satisfaction and their positive youth development. The findings also affirmed the significant effect on university students’ satisfaction with PYD. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/university-students-satisfaction-and-its-effect-on-positive-youth-development-a-genderbased-comparison-from-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Does Discipline Selection Based on Personal Interest Matter in Higher Education? Reflecting Students’ Perceptions Abdus Samad Irfanullah Khan Mudassar Hussain Personal Interest Passion Academic Achievement Perception and Aptitude This study examines students' perceptions of self-interest-based discipline choice and its effect on educational excellence in tertiary education. The main objective was to analyze the effect of self-interest-based discipline selection on educational excellence at the BS level program. A mixed-method approach was adopted. A phenomenological design was applied for the qualitative part while a survey research design was utilized for the quantitative part. The target population consisted of BS (7th & 8th semesters) students from 10 higher education institutions (HEIs) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Word Cloud and Thematic Analysis were used for qualitative data analysis, while Pearson (r) and Linear Regression were applied as inferential statistics for the quantitative part. The findings reveal a moderate positive association between self-interest-based discipline selection and academic success. Recommendations include encouraging learners to choose discipline aligned with their self-interest instead of relying on others. Parents, teachers, and other stakeholders should respect learners' interests. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Education and Research, University of Lakki Marwat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education and Research, University of Lakki Marwat, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education and Research, University of Lakki Marwat, KP, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/does-discipline-selection-based-on-personal-interest-matter-in-higher-education-reflecting-students-perceptions https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Journey to Empowerment: Women Higher Education and Its Barriers Iqra Rabiah Mohyuddin Samina Akhtar Higher Education Women Empowerment Challenges The main purpose of the current research was to examine students' perspectives on the role of higher education in women's empowerment and development, as well as the issues and barriers associated with this role in public sector universities. A descriptive research design was employed to achieve the study targets. The study population consisted of total 4647 students. The study sample consisted of 300 female students selected through a simple random sampling technique from public sector universities in district Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. The descriptive statistics mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics (ANOVA) were utilized to analyze all data provided by the students. The results revealed that higher education institutions are playing an effective role in women's empowerment, but barriers such as economic, social and cultural impede their access and success. The study recommended giving women equal opportunities to pursue higher education, as this can significantly contribute to a nation's progress. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, The Women's University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Women's University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-journey-to-empowerment-women-higher-education-and-its-barriers https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Child Abuse in Pakistan: A Sociological Examination of Contributing Factors Muhammad Vaqas Ali Shamaila Athar Shahid Rasheed Child Abuse Emotional Sociological Theories The study explores phenomenon of child abuse in Pakistan. It focuses on various kind of abuse like emotional, sexual and physical. Regardless of the presence of legal frameworks it remains a significant problem influenced by poverty, lack of education and cultural norms normalizing abusive behavior. The study employs sociological theories, like the cycle of violence, social situation theory, and cultural model, to understand complex roots of child abuse. It highlights how social forces, including household size, gender norms, and parental education levels, contribute to prevalence of abuse. Using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) Punjab (2017-2018) a logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify correlates of psychological, moderate physical, and severe physical abuse among children aged 5 to 14 years. The findings indicate that boys as compared to girls are more likely to experience abuse, wealth status negatively correlates with abuse, and household size positively correlates with abuse. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/child-abuse-in-pakistan-a-sociological-examination-of-contributing-factors https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Cultural Constraints and Women's Education: A Case Study of Women's Higher Education in District Mardan Saad Saud Jan Athar Azeem Women's Higher Education Cultural Barriers Gender Discrimination Early Marriages District Mardan The purpose of this study is to explore deeply rooted cultural issues responsible for women's failure to pursue higher education in District Mardan, Pakistan. For this purpose, a qualitative research approach is employed and data is collected through semi-structured interviews with male household heads. The research pinpointed major issues that surfaced as early marriages, family responsibilities, and discrimination on the basis of gender, poverty, and stigmatization of women rather than men. These barriers do not only stifle the growth of women but also the development of the region in terms of economic incorporation and human resources development. The thematic analysis technique is utilized for qualitative data analysis. This study focuses on equal opportunities for all, irrespective of gender identity, and aims to generate awareness among all relevant stakeholders: family members, community, and policymakers.  Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College A Chartered University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College, A Chartered University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/cultural-constraints-and-womens-education-a-case-study-of-womens-higher-education-in-district-mardan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Relationship of Time Planning with Post-Graduate Level Students' Anxiety Muhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi Rashid Hussain Iqra Qayinat Time Planning Anxiety Postgraduate Students The study investigated the correlation between time planning and anxiety levels among postgraduate students during research work. A descriptive survey method was used to obtain data from 200 postgraduate students both males and females from six public and six private universities. The findings showed that most students had strong time planning skills and moderate anxiety levels, whereas there was a significant positive weak correlation between short-range and long-range planning of time with anxiety levels. In addition, there were no significant gender differences in time planning or anxiety levels. The findings highlighted the importance of flexible time planning practices in reducing anxiety among postgraduate students. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/relationship-of-time-planning-with-postgraduate-level-students-anxiety https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Use of Social Media and Effect on the Mental Health of Students Muhammad Iftikhar Ashraf Iqbal Qaisar Shehzad Social Media Students Mental Health Depression Satisfaction Sleeping Disorder Today Mostly students using social networking sites for interaction with one another have significantly increased. Due to this their daily routine of life has been changed. The use and gratification hypothesis looks at how social media use affects university students' sleep patterns as well as how it increases their anxiety and unhappiness. Social media users make and share content for a brief period of time, adding content that enables them to project the perfect image that has a significant impact on their mental health and life satisfaction. Humanity Publications Research Scholar, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D, Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-use-of-social-media-and-effect-on-the-mental-health-of-students https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Exploring the Persistent Challenges of Reproductive Health Management: Analyzing Use of Contraception Among Wives Across Four Provinces in Pakistan Utilizing MICS Data Mohammad Vaqas Ali Shamaila Athar Shahid Rasheed Birth Control Contraceptive Use Demographic Factors Socio-Cultural Influence Rural-Urban Disparities This study examines factors influencing contraceptive use among married women aged 15-49 in Pakistan using data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). This research aims to identify the demographic, economic, and sociocultural factors contributing to this disparity, focusing on the four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, KPK, and Balochistan). The study employs secondary analysis of data from over 103,000 women, exploring the association of CPR with variables such as age, education, economic status, fertility preference, and internalized patriarchy. Geographically, 40.9% of the sample was from Punjab, 23% from KPK, 18.8% from Balochistan, and 17.3% from Sindh, with 72.3% residing in rural areas and 27.3% in urban areas. Findings contribute to understanding provincial disparities and highlight the need for localized, culturally sensitive family planning strategies in Pakistan. The study calls for targeted interventions to improve birth control use among rural, less-educated, and poorer women, especially in Sindh and Balochistan. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-persistent-challenges-of-reproductive-health-management-analyzing-use-of-contraception-among-wives-across-four-provinces-in-pakistan-utilizing-mics-data https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Influences of Parenting Styles on Self-efficacy and Achievement Motivation Among Students of BZU Samza Fatima Syed Kaleem Imam Sundas Irshad Parenting Style Self-Efficacy Achievement Motivation Convenient Sampling BZU Students The current research intends to study the effects of parenting styles on university student's self-efficacy and motivation to achievement. Moreover, it intends to examine how the differences in age, gender, education, and family support affect the aforementioned variables. Data was collected from 180 respondents(110 males and 70 females) between the age group of 19 to 30 years through a convenient sampling technique from Gilani Law College and the Institute of Media and Communication Studies at Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and Parental Authority Questionnaire(PAQ;Buri, 1991) were used as tools for data collection. The results revealed that a relationship exists between self-efficacy and accomplishment motivation among the students, and so does between self-efficacy and parenting styles. The results indicated positive impacts of self-efficacy and achievement motivation of parenting styles among BZU students. The results of the current research would be a meaningful contribution to the existing literature. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of Law/Principal, University Gillani Law College Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Former Inspector General of Police, Former Secretary Narcotics Control, Pakistan. Department of Applied Psychology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/influences-of-parenting-styles-on-selfefficacy-and-achievement-motivation-among-students-of-bzu https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-III).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Women Empowerment in Rural Sindh: A Case Study of Pano Aqil, Pakistan Sana Amjad Abbas Ali Bughio Rabia Umar Women's Empowerment in Sindh Gender Inequality Rural Sindh Pano Aqil Traditional Practices Education Barriers Employment Opportunities Legal Reforms Karo-Kari This research paper investigates the strategies to enhance women's empowerment and address gender inequality in rural Sindh, with a focus on Pano Aqil. Through a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative data analysis, the study explores the current level of awareness regarding women's rights and empowerment, the impact of traditional practices such as Jirgas and Panchayats, and the opportunities and barriers to education and employment for women. Additionally, it evaluates the perceived effectiveness of legal reforms and assesses awareness of harmful practices like 'Karo-Kari.' The study reveals significant gaps in awareness, persistent gender biases, and the ongoing influence of traditional practices on women's rights. By addressing these issues, the research aims to provide actionable insights and recommendations for policymakers, community leaders, and organizations to improve women's empowerment and reduce gender inequality in rural Sindh. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages (Numl), Islamabad, Pakistan. Subject Specialist, Pakistan Studies at Government Boys Higher Secondary School Qazi Arif Mehar Dadu, Sindh, Pakistan. BS Graduate, Department of Shariah and Law, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/women-empowerment-in-rural-sindh-a-case-study-of-pano-aqil-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Community Satisfaction from Government-Led Emergency Response and Recovery to Pakistan Climate Catastrophe of Flood 2022 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mushtaq Ahmad Jan Muhammad Saeed Muhammad Kaleem Flood Disaster Emergency Management Community Satisfaction Response Disaster Risk Reduction Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's vulnerability to climate-related disasters was tragically highlighted by the 2022 floods, affecting millions. This study aims to investigate community satisfaction with government-led emergency response and recovery efforts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining surveys and In-depth Interviews. Despite government claims, the results of this study show significant gaps in government support, specifically in early warning communication, protective evacuation, damages compensation, and lack of inclusiveness in service delivery to the affected population. Financial constraints, political instability, and limited technical capacity to design and implement robust recovery plans hindered effective response. The study highlights the need for enhanced disaster management strategies, community-centered emergency response, and improved government accountability. Findings inform policy reforms and provide valuable insights for disaster risk reduction and climate resilience initiatives in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Centre for Disaster Preparedness and Management (CDPM), University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Associate Professor (Geography), Higher Education Department (HED), KP, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Sociology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/community-satisfaction-from-governmentled-emergency-response-and-recovery-to-pakistan-climate-catastrophe-of-flood-2022-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder in Undergraduate Students of Hazara Division, Pakistan Ayla Khan Amara Gul Muhammad Rizwan Social Anxiety Undergraduate Students Frequency SPIN Globally, people are more likely to suffer from social anxiety issues (SAD) in regions with high levels of social and performance demands. This study evaluates the occurrence and severity of SAD among undergraduates in the Pakistani culture Hazara Area. It controls for gender and age. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted.  An investigation of 353 college students looked into the frequency, symptoms, and effects of SAD on everyday functioning and academic performance. This research backs up earlier findings that students aged 21–25 had a higher prevalence of a disorder of social anxiety (SAD), which also demonstrates that a large proportion of students suffer from SAD in general. Symptoms such as protective behaviors, physical signs (such as sweat), and fear of censure were observed, indicating that the condition significantly impacts social ties and academic progress. These findings highlight the need to implement focused interventions in educational settings. Humanity Publications Ph.D. scholar, Department of Psychology, The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Chairperson, Department of Psychology, Dean Faculty of Social Sciences & Administrative Sciences, The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Professor, Clinical Psychology, National University of Medical Sciences, NUMS, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/prevalence-of-social-anxiety-disorder-in-undergraduate-students-of-hazara-division-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Examining the Drivers of Sectarianism and their Impact on Rural Infrastructure: Implications for Rural Women's Plight Fariha Bibi Humera Jamal Bushra Hassan Jan Sectarianism Infrastructure Women Plight FATA and Kurram Agency The study titled "Examining the Drivers of Sectarianism and their Impact on Rural Infrastructure: Implications for Rural Women's Plight" revealed that during sectarian clashes women's educational institutions, and hospitals were either damaged or fully destroyed. Further, women skills oriented centres and NGOs were forced to close their operations in Kurram. Likely, storage facilities for agriculture production and agro-based markets were also closed in the area. With reference to infrastructure development initiatives, women's voices are less acknowledged which in turn reduces women's participation in affairs pertaining to their socio-economic development. The study recommended devising holistic strategies while taking into consideration women's distress along with recurrence and insurgency through questioning the conventional gender role divisions and implementation of sustainable development interventions in conflicted areas that should be prioritized for women's empowerment and gender equality. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Rural Sociology, Agriculture University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Rural Sociology, Agriculture University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. Chairperson, Department of Rural Sociology, Agriculture University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/examining-the-drivers-of-sectarianism-and-their-impact-on-rural-infrastructure-implications-for-rural-womens-plight https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Empowering Women through Skill-Based Education in Pakistan: A Narrative Review Muhammad Rafiq-uz-Zaman Muhammad Asif Nadeem Iqra Rasheed Women Empowerment Skill-Based Education Socio-Cultural Barriers Vocational Training Gender Equality This qualitative systematic review focuses on the effectiveness and limitations of skill-based education for enhancing women's rights in Pakistan with an understanding that the solution lies in addressing organizational, economic, and structural constraints that hamper the enforcement of such policies. These include gender norms, poverty, and inadequate technical and vocational education and training that do not empower women's education. However, possibilities are opening, such as government and non-government skill-building initiatives and e-learning and e-business business and education portals for rural women. Skill-based education is characteristic because it economically impacts women's social rights and empowers them. The review underscores the need for policies, institutional support, and sector desegregation to minimize educational gender differences. These include social connectedness, advanced digital learning, and government policies supporting training. All the above steps are essential for GM, WEE, and improving Pakistan's socio-economic fabric. Humanity Publications Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/empowering-women-through-skillbased-education-in-pakistan-a-narrative-review https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Social Consequences of the Misuse of Language and their Solutions: A Quranic Perspective Jamshaid Anjum Muhammad Abdullah Marrium Sayyed Social Issues Language Use Quranic Perspective Hermeneutics Content Analysis This qualitative study aims to find out the solution to selected social issues and their implications that take place due to misuse of language. The solution to these issues is intended to be sorted out from the Quranic perspective. The researchers targeted 10 social issues through purposive sampling: lying, backbiting, hypocrisy, rumor, hate speech, disinformation, ridicule, bullying, slandering, and insulting. The researchers attempted to find out the solution to these social issues from the teachings of the Holy Qur'an. The social implications of these issues were analyzed with the help of the theory of Content Analysis by Lasswell (1975). The Qur'anic verses and their perspectives were explained with the help of Hermeneutics. The study stands as a piece of evidence that the Holy Quran is a complete code of life. The study may be useful to find out the solutions to various other social-cum-linguistic issues through the teachings of the Holy Quran. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English Studies, Govt Gordon Graduate College Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-consequences-of-the-misuse-of-language-and-their-solutions-a-quranic-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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An Ethnographic Study of Health-Seeking Behavior Among Dengue Patients of Rawalpindi Rabia Khalid Muhammad Waqas Saleem Dengue Fever Vector-Borne Diseases Health-Seeking Behavior Medical Pluralisms Rawalpindi Dengue fever casts a looming shadow over Rawalpindi, Pakistan, as its seasonal outbreaks unleash a formidable onslaught on local healthcare resources, painting a challenging portrait of public health in the region. This ethnographic investigation delves into the health-seeking conduct of dengue sufferers in a healthcare milieu marked by an assortment of treatment approaches. Employing qualitative methodologies comprising in-depth interviews, participant observation, and focus group deliberations, this inquiry provides invaluable discernment. socioeconomic circumstances, and symptom gravity that steer patients towards traditional, alternative, allopathic, or amalgamated remedies. Significantly, our findings elucidate that patients initially opt for folk or popular-sector therapies due to their ease of access and cultural influence. As their symptoms exacerbate, they transition to the professional sector, seeking allopathic care. The results of this study underscore the pivotal role played by factors such as knowledge gaps, financial limitations, constrained comprehension, and systemic healthcare impediments in shaping patients' preferences. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-ethnographic-study-of-healthseeking-behavior-among-dengue-patients-of-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Motivations Driving Self-Employment Among Women in Karachi Nasreen Aslam Shah Barriers Empowerment Motivation Prospects Self-Employed Women The self-employment of women in Karachi is notable, showing their ability to deal with social norms and financial difficulties. Many women seek jobs for themselves, often working in unregulated markets. They use education, family support, and government programs to help them succeed. Government rules and protections are important in creating a supportive setting for women’s self-employment and business ventures. To help women’s economic power and equality, various kinds of support are needed, covering financial, social, and legal areas. Humanity Publications Meritorious Prof. (Retd), Department of Social Work, Ex-Dean Faculty of Arts and Social Science, Ex-Director Centre of Excellence for Women Studies, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/motivations-driving-selfemployment-among-women-in-karachi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Social Media Podcasts on Honor Killing: Analysing Language Patterns in Gender-Based Violence Discourse Noor Naeem Muhammad Umar Razaq Honor Killings Gender-based Violence Digital Media In this paper, Junaid Akram’s YouTube podcast episode “Challenges Faced By Women In Our Society,” aired on April 27, 2024, is discussed to understand the show’s discourse on honor-based violence (honor killings) in Pakistan. Using both thematic and discourse analytical approaches, the actual study discusses honor killings with references to Akram’s Podcast and explores different sociocultural factors that contribute to such violence as well as the function of new media in constructing public understanding of the phenomenon. Subsequently, the findings show that Akram opposes honor killings, tries to break the process of constructing patriarchal norms, and underscores education and critical thinking. As a strength of social media, the study shows that social media can only go the extra mile of alerting society but cannot fully change strong cultural beliefs that are deeply rooted in society. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-media-podcasts-on-honor-killing-analysing-language-patterns-in-genderbased-violence-discourse https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Afghan Migrant Women in Politics: Overcoming Barriers to Civic Participation in Host Countries Haris Nawaz Afghan Migrant Women Political Participation Sociocultural Barriers Institutional Barriers Gender-Sensitive Policies The study investigates systemic restrictions blocking Afghan migrant women from engaging in political processes in Germany, the USA, and Iran. Wearers of cultural limitations through gender regulations face language complexity while traditional social requirements maintain women in classic marginalization while institutional processes enact discriminatory rules and lack of political participation barriers prevent civic engagement. The analysis demonstrates how patriarchal structures, along with built-in discriminatory frameworks, generate sustained exclusion patterns through the application of constructivist and feminist theories. Studies show that leadership development programs built in local communities when combined with political mentoring services and gender-specific administrative reform in child care and immigration systems, achieve maximum impact. The participation of Afghan women will increase substantially by integrating grassroots activity with reforms to structural institutions. The research results of this study serve as foundational information for legislative and civilian institutions to build programs enabling Afghan women's civic development and inclusive equality. Humanity Publications BS Graduate, Department of Political Science, Government College University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/afghan-migrant-women-in-politics-overcoming-barriers-to-civic-participation-in-host-countries https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Deconstruction of the Feminist Overtones in Ada Limón’s The Hurting Kind Mukaddas Ali Asif Samia Mudasser Fakhira Riaz Ada Limón Animals Deconstruction Feminism The Hurting Kind The aim of the research is to explore Limón's relationship with nature as manifested in The Hurting Kind from a feminist lens. Being a qualitative study, it analyzes selected poems using textual analysis as a research method alongside a conceptual framework comprising deconstruction and feminism as a lens of literary criticism. The research has aimed to explore the binary opposition not as it applies to men and women but to animals and women and the way the two are not in direct conflict but rather runs parallel to one another in their very 'otherness'. In doing so, a potential new angle for deconstructing female oppression to its roots is introduced and touched upon. Moreover, the research has also delved into the intimate emotions of Limón, the poet, as she experienced them in crafting the poems particularly selected for this study to further cement the foundation that it seeks to challenge. Humanity Publications Postgraduate, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-deconstruction-of-the-feminist-overtones-in-ada-limns-the-hurting-kind https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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A Comparative Study of Male and Female Nursing in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities Hassan Abbas Ali Hamza Ihtasham Majeed Healthcare Opportunities; Nursing Challenges; Government Initiatives; Health Budget Increase; Pakistan Nursing Council (PNC) Pakistan is one of the countries around the world that is creating job opportunities for the health sector instead of a weak economy. The government is creating more facilities for the health sector. The government is increasing the health budget to patch up health-related issues. However, there is also a need to enhance the nursing staff to care for the patients and facilitate them as best as it is possible. In Pakistan, the nursing profession has many types of problems related to their salaries, their shortage of vacancies, and other religious, cultural, and ethical issues. However, the government is trying to facilitate the nursing profession and overcome all the health-related issues. Pakistan Nursing Council (PNC) is the main body to controls the nursing profession in Pakistan. PNC is a regulating body that frames the rules and regulations for nursing institutions in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Graduate, BScN, College of Nursing Government Teaching Hospital Shahdra Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Graduate, BScN, College of Nursing Government Teaching Hospital Shahdra Lahore, Punjab., Pakistan. Graduate, BScN, College of Nursing Government Teaching Hospital Shahdra Lahore, Punjab., Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-comparative-study-of-male-and-female-nursing-in-pakistan-challenges-and-opportunities https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Women’s Rights and Social Reform Movements in Pakistan Munazza Mubarak Sara Gurchani Tazeem Imran Women's Rights Social Reform Gender Equality Pakistan Women's Action Forum Activism Empowerment This article examines the evolution of women's rights within the context of social reform movements in Pakistan, exploring the intersection of gender equality with cultural, religious, and political dynamics. From the pre-partition era to the present day, women in Pakistan have engaged in diverse activism efforts aimed at securing fundamental rights, including access to education, legal protections, and political representation. The study focuses on key movements that have shaped public discourse, such as the Women's Action Forum, and considers the role of non-governmental organizations, government policies, and social media in advocating for women's empowerment. By assessing the impact of these movements on social attitudes and institutional frameworks, the article sheds light on ongoing challenges and the way forward for gender equality in Pakistan, emphasizing the crucial role of collective action in transforming societal norms. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/womens-rights-and-social-reform-movements-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Exploring the Social Support System for Thalassemia Carriers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Fatima Awan Hussain Ali Thalassemia Caregivers Carriers Swabi Social Support System Sociologists argue that Thalassemia is a social phenomenon. This research study explores the social support system available for thalassemia carriers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with a focus on understanding the challenges they face. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 2 thalassemia carriers and 12 caregivers to show how family members, peer groups community, and religious members help in the social and mental wellbeing of the carriers.  The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis to explore patterns and themes related to social support, cultural practices, and health management. It is explored that due to cousin marriages, it is spread among infants. The study concluded that social support systems prevailed for caregivers and carriers. The study concluded that due to the cultural practice of cousin marriages thalassemia is spread and community sensitization should be started to stop the spread of the disease. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-social-support-system-for-thalassemia-carriers-in-district-swabi-khyber-pakhtunkhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Marzano’s New Taxonomy: Implications for Developing Critical Thinking Skills Shaista Irshad Khan Haleema Bano Shawana Fazal Critical Thinking Marzano’s New Taxonomy Intervention Pre-Test-Post Test This quasi-experimental study investigates the effects of an instructional intervention based on Marzano’s New Taxonomy on critical thinking development in seventh-grade students. Using the Solomon Four-Group Design, 180 students were randomly selected from a government girls' high school in Haripur, Pakistan. The intervention emphasized Marzano’s self-system and metacognitive system to foster cognitive engagement and analytical reasoning. Over three months, students participated in structured activities aimed at enhancing critical thinking. The Figural Intersection Test, assessing working memory where critical thinking occurs, was used to measure impact. Results indicated significant improvement in students’ critical thinking skills, with history and maturation having no notable influence—reinforcing internal validity. These findings suggest that the intervention, rather than external factors, led to the observed gains and underscores the broader applicability of Marzano’s framework in enhancing critical thinking within educational contexts. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Education, The University of Haripur, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan. 2024-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/marzanos-new-taxonomy-implications-for-developing-critical-thinking-skills https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-IV).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 9, Issue 4 Pakistan

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An Ecofeminist Perspective of Dystopia: Othering, Resistance, and Transformation in Atwood's The Year of the Flood Hina Gull Nailah Riaz Ecofeminism Exploitation Transcultural Fiction Patriarchy Alienation Technology This article explores the poetics and politics of the new canon, feminist critical dystopia, and ostracization of Nature to glorify the potential for creating a space in order to highlight activism and rebellion in the text The Year of the Flood (2009) by Margret Atwood. This comparative study of selected work sheds light on the issues of female objectification, oppression of Others, and dehumanizing nature in besieged patriarchal societies in order to create the possibility of escape from the dystopian nightmare and environmental degradation in the perspective of ecofeminist theoretical framework. The article hypothesizes that the dystopian atmosphere assists women writers in creating a veritable image of the engendered attitudes and their impact on women, Others, and Nature. The study will be beneficial not merely for scholars and policymakers, but also for general readers, offering insights into intersections of environment, feminism, and power. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-ecofeminist-perspective-of-dystopia-othering-resistance-and-transformation-in-atwoods-the-year-of-the-flood https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Developing Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Housing in Pakistan: Challenges and Opportunities Fatima Tuz Zahra Fariha Tariq Adaptable Climate-Resilient Housing Pakistan Sustainable Vulnerable The housing sector has been globally affected by climate change. To mitigate the impacts, there is an urgent need to revise housing strategies to combat these challenges and increase the overall resilience of the built environment. Houses in Pakistan are not built to withstand the challenges posed by climate change. Resilience is the ability of buildings to adapt to climate-related stressors while maintaining the well-being of its residents. This study examines the concept of resilience, its significance in the housing sector, and the pressing need for climate adaptation in Pakistan's housing sector. After reviewing the literature, the study highlights the primary challenges to adopting resilient housing alternatives into practice. The results emphasize how urgently integrated planning, environmentally friendly building methods, and interventions in policy are needed to improve housing resilience. By taking these factors into account, Pakistan can guarantee housing solutions that offer climate adaptation and long-term sustainability. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Dean, School of Architecture and Planning. University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/developing-climateresilient-and-sustainable-housing-in-pakistan-challenges-and-opportunities https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Transgender Rights in South Asia: Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and India Muhammad Fazeel Hafiz Muhammad Amjad Munir Ghulam Mustafa Transgender Rights Legal Frameworks Social Perceptions South Asia Pakistan and India Activism and Policy Implementation The rights of the transgender people especially in South Asian countries are an area of interest with specific reference to Pakistan and India. It analyses the historical legal and social factors to their status from the pre-colonial society where they were accepted to the colonial period where there were considered outcasts to the legal changes that have taken place in the modern world. Even with progressive laws such as the Pakistan Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 and the Indian Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2019, there remain societal implementation failures that explain the integration of discrimination experienced by the transgender population in access to health, education, and labor market. Thus qualitative research compares legal recognition, societal acceptance, and consequences of activism. Rhe study outlines challenges to equality and suits to recommend the best practices of acceptance within those societies and effective policy making. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/transgender-rights-in-south-asia-comparative-analysis-of-pakistan-and-india https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Representation of Gender and Ethnicity in Mainstream Media: Progress or Perpetuation of Stereotypes Sher Baz Khan Robina Saeed Ecofeminism Exploitation Transcultural Fiction Patriarchy Alienation Technology The research explores current media stereotypes regarding gender and ethnicity to determine how far these representations advance original stereotypes. The analysis based on social identity theory and media effects theory investigates content found in television shows as well as film studios, advertisements, and digital media for the purpose of examining stereotyping and character development. Research reveals that women together with ethnic minorities gain more appearances in leading parts of media content yet predominantly depict well-worn gender and racial stereotypes. Women in media experience empowerment alongside their association with attractive looks and feelings of sentimentality but ethnic minorities mostly face dramatic stories of hardship. Market-oriented considerations primarily support the use of artful but insincere depictions in media. Through content analysis, interview studies, and reception studies the researchers argue that stakeholders need better methods to overcome industry-established stereotypes. The article urges realistic media to portray diverse groups. Humanity Publications Research Fellow, Erich Brost Institute for International Journalism, Technical University Dortmund, Germany. Associate Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-representation-of-gender-and-ethnicity-in-mainstream-media-progress-or-perpetuation-of-stereotypes https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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An Ambivalent Mother is an Abusive Mother: A Study of Toni Morrison’s God Help the Child Rabia Shamim Shaheena Ayub Bhatti Maternal Ambivalence Maternal Resilience Psychological Abuse Sarah LaChance Adams Toni Morrison This research article carries out a thematic analysis of the selected work of contemporary fiction using Sarah LaChance Adams’ theory of Maternal Ambivalence. The research engages with Toni Morrison’s God Help The Child, which depicts an abusive relationship between mother and child, analyzing how narratives like this negotiate the construction of cultural perceptions of motherhood, as well as the reigning societal expectations of mothers. By examining fictional accounts, the paper explores the symbolic and metaphorical representations of abuse between mother and child in literature, uncovering the deeper psychological and socio-cultural implications embedded within the text. Drawing on theories from motherhood studies using Brown and Clarke’s model of textual analysis, the paper investigates the interplay of power in the patriarchy as well as the existence of maternal identity in the status quo, thus illustrating how literary representations of abuse contribute to broader discourses on women's roles and societal norms. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of English, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-ambivalent-mother-is-an-abusive-mother-a-study-of-toni-morrisons-god-help-the-child https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Enhancing English Language Communication through the Milton Model: An NLP-Based Experimental Study Munaem Fatima Noshaba Younus Tumsaal Amna Rubab Milton Model Neurolinguistic Programming Communication Skills English Language Learning Confidence Rapport Building This study examines the impact of the Milton Model, a key component of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP), on English language communication skills. Addressing challenges such as anxiety, low confidence, and poor rapport-building, the research employed a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design with a mixed-methods approach. Thirty participants underwent a five-module intervention featuring Milton Model techniques like mirroring, embedded commands, and metaphorical language. Quantitative data (analyzed via paired sample t-tests in SPSS) and qualitative feedback revealed significant improvements in confidence, persuasion, rapport, conflict resolution, and reduced anxiety. Participants reported increased fluency and comfort in real-life communication. The findings suggest that the Milton Model is an effective, learner-centered strategy for enhancing English communication. Its integration into language teaching is recommended, with future studies encouraged across broader populations. Humanity Publications M.phil Scholar, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. M.phil Scholar, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/enhancing-english-language-communication-through-the-milton-model-an-nlpbased-experimental-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Role of Social Media in the Adaptation of New Agriculture Technology: A Study in Diffusion of Innovation Analysis Aqsa Iram Shahzadi Muhammad Arif Amna Fazail Social Media in Agriculture Diffusion of Innovation Technology Adoption Agricultural Extension Services The research was set to find out the contribution of social media in the uptake of new agricultural technology. It defines the research design and quantitative-method approach. Also, the data collection instruments and the methods to ensure data validity and reliability were addressed. Based on the nature of the data collected, the research method also outlines the data analysis strategies to be employed, including statistical analysis, content analysis, or thematic analysis. The research emphasizes the methods through which social media sites can be utilized to disseminate knowledge, influence farmer attitudes, promote the uptake of advanced farming practices, and analyze data from various social media sites and farmer questionnaires through both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research concludes that social media is a powerful tool for use in current agricultural extension services, offering an effective and scalable means of bringing innovations in sustainable agriculture to light. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Institute of Media & Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Research Scholar, Institute of Media & Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, The Women University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/role-of-social-media-in-the-adaptation-of-new-agriculture-technology-a-study-in-diffusion-of-innovation-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Social Factors Influence on Utilisation of Antenatal Care Among Married Women: A Quantitative Research Study Conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Ayub Rahman Hussain Ali Fatma Awan Antenatal Care Women Social Demographic Age Buner Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan is one of the developing countries with high maternal mortality rate 186/100000 live births. Sociologists argue that the social and demographic dynamics of society are one of the contributing factors to poor maternal health care. This study investigates the influence of social and demographic factors on the use of antenatal health care in district Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A cross-sectional household survey approach was used, and data was collected from 470 married women aged 15-49 years. Statistical analysis explained that majority (75%) of married women stay in home during antenatal care in the study locale, in mountains areas 81.5 percent women stay in home during antenatal care checkup, and 71 percent stay in home in joint family. The study suggests that an awareness program should be started to reduce girl child marriages in Pakhtunkhwa and cash incentives should be started to encourage institutional antenatal care. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/social-factors-influence-on-utilisation-of-antenatal-care-among-married-women-a-quantitative-research-study-conducted-in-khyber-pakhtunkhwa https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Language and Gender in Pakistan: A Social Constructionist Approach Aisha Farid Hira Hasnain Language Gender A Community of Practice Politeness Community Gender and language are two different topics but are connected or related in every department and field, specifically linguistics. It is becoming an exciting approach for linguistics researchers to find their relationships and how they depend on or influence each other. It focuses on how men and women speak based on syntax, phonology, and semantics. It also focuses on how power or dominant gender can affect the conversation. This article aims to investigate the influence of gender on Language in Pakistan through the lens of the social constructionist approach. It discusses the effects of social differences on language, conversational style, genders' attitudes towards language, and community of practice. The other factors that the research will reveal are politeness and vocabulary. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Department of English, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/language-and-gender-in-pakistan-a-social-constructionist-approach https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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The Effectiveness of Digital Firewalls in Combating Political Extremism and the Rise of VPN Usage in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Social Media Policies and User Responses Laiba Amjad Sobia Hanif Asma Khalid Digital Firewalls Political Extremism VPN Usage Social Media Responses Owing to growing political extremism on social media, the Government of Pakistan implemented a digital firewall framework aimed at curbing extremist content. However, due to poor execution of the policy, the public resorted to the use of VPNs to bypass online restrictions. The research aims to examine how the government's attempt to combat online political extremism triggered an unforeseen outcome in the form of increased VPN usage. Employing a quantitative methodology by conducting an online survey of social media users in Pakistan, the study reveals the public's dissatisfaction with the government's digital regulation measures, perceiving them as a possible threat to their inalienable right to information and doubting whether it could prove to be a viable measure to achieve the government's desired outcome. Finally, the paper recommends a review of the existing digital firewall policy for an improved public response and outcome. Humanity Publications Graduate Scholar, Department of International Relations, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-effectiveness-of-digital-firewalls-in-combating-political-extremism-and-the-rise-of-vpn-usage-in-pakistan-a-critical-analysis-of-social-media-policies-and-user-responses https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Effects of Head Teachers’ Delegative Leadership Style on Teachers’ Performance at Elementary Level Rashid Latif Muhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi Muhammad Javid Delegation Leadership Style Teachers’ Performance Elementary School Teachers' Demographic Variables Examining the impact of the head teacher's delegative leadership style on elementary school teachers' performance was the primary goal of this study. A survey was conducted to gather data using the delegative leadership style questionnaire and the teacher's performance evaluation scale from 405 primary school teachers (233 males and 172 females), who were conveniently picked from the Sahiwal Division. The linear regression, t-test, and ANOVA were applied to find out the effect and significant differences between different factors. The study's main conclusions indicated that elementary school teachers' performance was significantly impacted by the head teacher's delegative leadership style and that there was no significant difference in elementary school teachers' performance according to their gender and experience at the current school but a significant difference in their performance according to their location and professional qualifications. It was recommended that elementary school head teachers consider a delegative leadership style model. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Research and Assessment, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Educational Research and Assessment, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Research and Assessment, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effects-of-head-teachers-delegative-leadership-style-on-teachers-performance-at-elementary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Perception of Elementary Schools Teachers about Effectiveness of Single National Curriculum in Science Subject at Elementary Level Sobia Tasneem Ayesha Rehman Shahbano Single National Curriculum (SNC) Science Education Elementary School Teachers Curriculum Implementation Teacher Perception Educational Reform STEM Education This study investigates the effects, challenges, and teaching practices related to the implementation of the Single National Curriculum (SNC) in elementary-level science education. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from public and private school science teachers through a structured questionnaire. The results showed broad teacher support for the SNC, recognizing its potential to enhance student engagement through learner-centered methods. However, major challenges included frequent teacher absenteeism (M = 4.8), limited laboratory resources (M = 4.6), and curriculum rigidity (M = 4.4). A significant positive correlation was found between teachers’ recognition of the SNC and their satisfaction with it (r = 0.68, p = 0.001). While the SNC offers promising opportunities for improving science education, its success hinges on increased curricular flexibility, improved teacher adaptability, and robust capacity-building initiatives. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Education, National University of Modern Language (NUML) Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Graduate, Department of Education, National University of Modern Language (NUML) Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Graduate, Department of Education, National University of Modern Language (NUML) Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perception-of-elementary-schools-teachers-about-effectiveness-of-single-national-curriculum-in-science-subject-at-elementary-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Superwoman: A Breakthrough from Conventional Victorian Society in Shaw's "Man and Superman" Naima Noreen Sonia Gul Aminah Ali George Bernard Shaw Eugenic Feminism Man And Superman 19th-Century Traditional Society Theory of Deconstruction This research explores G.B. Shaw's play “Man and Superman” through Jacques Derrida's theoretical lens of Deconstruction and Eugenic feminism. Traditionally, in the novel, the protagonist Ann Whitefield is labeled as a liar, bully, hypocrite, and coquette, which led critics to view Shaw as antifeminist. However, this study argues that Shaw’s portrayal of Ann Whitefield reflects a subversive and progressive feminist vision that refuses and contradicts Victorian norms of ideal womanhood. Shaw dismantles gender binaries by presenting Ann not as a passive woman, but as a dominant, intellectually superior Figure a Superwoman. This study repositions Shaw as a pioneering feminist thinker who critiques patriarchal norms and envisions women as active architects of evolutionary and societal progress. This study concludes that Shaw dismantles traditional male-female binaries and highlights Ann's agency in emphasizing women's crucial roles in reproduction and social leadership, thus underscoring her transformative impact on both personal and societal evolution. Humanity Publications MS English, Department of English, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. Visiting Faculty, Department of English, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/superwoman-a-breakthrough-from-conventional-victorian-society-in-shaws-man-and-superman https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Outcomes of Increasing Heat on the Growth of Okra and Tomatoes: A Case Study of Chak Almas, District Jhelum Syeda Maya Zainab Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Climate Change Crop Production Okra Tomatoes This study shows how rising temperatures are affecting the growth of Okra and tomato crops in Chak Almas, a village in the district of Jhelum. The research is based on interviews conducted with 30 local farmers who shared their real-life experiences about farming. According to their experience, okra bears better heat than tomatoes. In severe heat, okra continues to grow better, while tomatoes produce smaller fruits and are more likely to fail under high temperatures due to climate change. Farmers shared simple methods that can help keep crops healthy. The methods that are used by farmers include giving shade to protect crops, spraying leaves and watering them regularly, especially when the weather keeps getting hotter due to climate change. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor/Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/outcomes-of-increasing-heat-on-the-growth-of-okra-and-tomatoes-a-case-study-of-chak-almas-district-jhelum https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-I).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Negation and Female Characterization in Ziauddin Yousafzai’s Let Her Fly: A Pragmatic Approach Maria Noureen Iqra Maab Irum Musa Negation Stylistics Pragmatics Characterization Patriarchy This paper analyses negation as a stylistic and pragmatic device in Ziauddin Yousafzai's Let Her Fly, used to construct female characters and foreground the marginalization of women within Pakistani society. By leaving out traits and roles, negation highlights identities that are ignored. Using Lisa Nahajec's theoretical model, which conceptualizes negation through presupposition, expectation, and implicature, the analysis reveals that meaning often resides not in what is explicitly stated but in what is denied. Negation in the memoir challenges gender roles by foregrounding the invisibility of women. Identifying and interpreting these linguistic absences uncovers ideological and cultural trends shaping the narrative and the reader's perception of gendered experience. The text compels readers to confront unspoken assumptions. This focus on what is unsaid transforms negation into a tool not only of literary characterization but also of cultural resistance. The study shows that negation questions power and contributes to meaning-making in stylistics and pragmatics. Humanity Publications MS, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MS, Department of Humanities, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Rawalpindi Women University, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/negation-and-female-characterization-in-ziauddin-yousafzais-let-her-fly-a-pragmatic-approach https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Evaluating Web-Based Library Services: A Comparative Study of Private and Public University Libraries in Karachi, Sindh Nadia Kiran Muhammad Kamil Lakho Subhash Guriro Web-Based Library Services; Digital Libraries; Academic Libraries LibQUAL+; Pakistan The shift to digital platforms has transformed academic library services, making web-based access essential in higher education. This study compares web-based library services of six Karachi universities three private and three public using a qualitative content analysis grounded in the LibQUAL+ Model. Findings show private universities offer more interactive features, while public ones provide clearer service descriptions. Common gaps include a lack of institutional repositories, limited open-access resources, weak multilingual support, and poor user engagement. To enhance digital services, libraries should integrate live chat, strengthen citation tools, and improve remote access to boost usability, accessibility, and academic support. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Department of Social and Development Studies, Sindh Madressatul Islam University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Social and Development Studies, Sindh Madressatul Islam University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Associate Professor/Chairperson, Department of Social and Development Studies Sindh Madressatul Islam University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/evaluating-webbased-library-services-a-comparative-study-of-private-and-public-university-libraries-in-karachi-sindh https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Power, Patriarchy and Resistance: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Novel “The Power” by Naomi Alderman Shaiza Aslam Nazia Anwar Isha Razzaq Butt Patriarchy Power Resistance Society Culture Critical Discourse Analysis This research discusses the power, patriarchy, and resistance themes in Naomi Alderman's novel The Power (2016) using Fairclough's three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (2005). Even though it is fiction, the novel mirrors actual gender relations. The study explores how power functions in patriarchal societies and how women challenge it, examining how language creates and alters gender identities. Six statements in the novel are data for analysis. The results are that patriarchy is naturally connected to power, which is applied to construct and reconstruct identities. The research identifies the ways in which resistance occurs due to oppression, as it shows that resistance is what changes the way people respond to injustice. Finally, it maintains that power is a key instrument in portraying and challenging gender roles, giving more knowledge of how discourse constrains and subverts structures in society. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/power-patriarchy-and-resistance-a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-the-novel-the-power-by-naomi-alderman https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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The Influence of Celebrity Endorsements on Customers' Purchase Intentions: The Mediating Role of Brand Trust Naveed Khan Zargham Ullah Khan Influencer Marketing Brand Trust Endorser Creditability Purchase Intension This research examines how celebrity endorsements influence consumer purchase intentions, focusing on physical attractiveness, source credibility, and the alignment between  celebrity and brand, with brand trust as a mediating factor. Data was gathered from 200 participants through a structured questionnaire. To evaluate reliability and strength of relationship among variables, Regression Analysis and Cronbach’s Alpha were performed using SPSS software. The finding shows celebrity endorsements have significant and positive impact on consumer attitudes and purchasing behavior. Furthermore, results confirm that brand trust serves as a key mediator, strengthening the connection between celebrity endorsement and purchase intention. These insights validate the proposed hypotheses and emphasize the need for brands to strategically select endorsers who align well with their image. Future studies could expand by examining broader range of consumer groups and exploring broader influence of media and celebrity culture on consumer behavior. Humanity Publications PhD Candidate, Hailey College of Banking & Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Hailey College of Banking & Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-influence-of-celebrity-endorsements-on-customers-purchase-intentions-the-mediating-role-of-brand-trust https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Confidence Building Measures and Crisis Management: Lessons in Leadership and Externals Influences in the Musharraf Era Rashida Hanif Ghulam Mustafa Imran Wakil Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) Crisis Management India Pakistan Kargil War Agra Summit This article presents a critical analysis of the confidence-building measures (CBMs) between India and Pakistan during the era of General Pervez Musharraf, a decade marked by complex diplomatic engagement, strategic tension, and intermittent peace overtures. This article examines the development, impact, and constraints of different CBMs such as military, political, economic, and people-to-people contacts within the broader regional security framework. Through qualitative analysis of bilateral dialogues, official agreements, and track-two diplomacy efforts, the article evaluates initiatives such as the Lahore Declaration, ceasefire agreements along the Line of Control (LoC), cross-border travel facilitation, and trade measures. The article highlights how internal political instability, unresolved core issues like Kashmir, and incidents of cross-border terrorism continually hindered the sustained implementation of CBMs. This article argues that future CBMs should be integrated into a comprehensive approach to conflict resolution. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/confidence-building-measures-and-crisis-management-lessons-in-leadership-and-externals-influences-in-the-musharraf-era https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Digital Dialects: Code-Switching Patterns in Social Media Communication Sumbal Iqbal Code-switching Social Media Digital Dialects Multilingualism Statistical Linguistics This study explores code-switching patterns in social media communication among multilingual users. With the rise of digital platforms, language use has evolved, particularly through code-switching the practice of alternating between languages or dialects within conversations. Although code switching has been traditionally studied in face-to-face scenarios, in digital space it is still under-researched. The study uses a quantitative mixed-methods study design and investigates Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram data through natural language processing and statistical software. Research indicates codeswitching to be more frequent in informal settings and among younger users. The three major patterns, intra-sentential, inter-sentential, and tag-switching, could be established with the effect of platform constraints as well as identity signaling affecting behavior. Links between language use, topic sensitivity, and audience were illuminated with logistic regression. The paper unveils how code-switching plays a strategic part in its search among the audience, identity, and platform norms.  Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Northern University Nowshera, KP, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/digital-dialects-codeswitching-patterns-in-social-media-communication https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Urbanization and Infrastructure Development in Pakistan: Assessing the Challenges of Sustainable Growth Umair Arshad Ayesha Abdul Malik Muhammad Anwar Urbanization Infrastructure Sustainable Development Green Technologies Urban Planning Pakistan Public Transportation This research examines the infrastructure problems that urbanize fast in Pakistan with a special focus on Karachi Lahore and Islamabad. Cities in Pakistan are growing rapidly which creates enormous demand for basic services and runs ahead of building new infrastructure. Research shows urban planning problems and funding shortages result from poor governance to create proper infrastructure. The analysis shows that applying eco-friendly technology plus smarter urban design with transportation improvements offers proven ways to tackle these problems. Interviews and research results indicate that Pakistan's urban infrastructure problems make life harder for city residents. The research supports planning improvements and renewable energy support to create a more sustainable urban environment in Pakistan. Humanity Publications MPhil Graduate, Department of Educational Sciences, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/urbanization-and-infrastructure-development-in-pakistan-assessing-the-challenges-of-sustainable-growth https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Vitamin D Deficiency among the General Population in Pakistan: Challenges and Solutions – A Qualitative Study Maha Ikram Muhammad Navid Tahir Humera Zaib Khan Vitamin D Deficiency Pakistan Qualitative Research Public Health Barriers Policy Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is often an underestimated public health issue in Pakistan. The natural climate supports sufficient vitamin D levels, but people are deficient in Vitamin D. Methods: A qualitative research approach was utilized, involving an extensive review of the literature along with 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with experts and stakeholders. The data were analyzed thematically to uncover key obstacles, gaps in policy, and areas for intervention. Results: National data suggests about 70% deficiency of Vitamin D impacting vulnerable groups. The main factors contributing are cultural norms, insufficient policy enforcement, and the lack of food fortification or routine checkups. Interviewees also pointed to low prioritization by authorities, uncoordinated interventions, and limited health literacy as ongoing challenges. Conclusion: A unified national strategy emphasizing public education, food fortification, targeted supplementation, and the integration of vitamin D screening and treatment into healthcare can address the issue at the policy and community level. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Institute of Social and Cultural Sciences, Public Health, Punjab University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Institute of Social and Cultural Sciences, Public Health, Punjab University, Punjab, Pakistan. Master's, Department of Public Health, University of Wolverhampton, Wulfruna St, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/vitamin-d-deficiency-among-the-general-population-in-pakistan-challenges-and-solutions-a-qualitative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Effect of Extreme Weather and Climate Change On Middle Class Communities in Bara Kahu Sana Saghir Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Munaza Saghir Climate Change Extreme Weather Middle Class Bara Kahu Urban Impacts Adaptation Pakistan The study explores the impacts of extreme weather incidents and climate change observed over time and on the middle classes in Bara Kahu, Islamabad. The paper is based on socio-economic, environmental, and health-related issues these communities must endure since the occurrence of heatwaves, intense precipitation, and floods. Primary data was collected by survey technique from subjects in 20 sample sizes of various households. The results indicate a definite connection between climate-related stress and impaired quality of life, such as property damage, health, and economic stress. The research aids to fill in the information gap on climate effects in middle-class and peri-urban environments. Humanity Publications BS, Department of Anthropology, PMAS -ARID Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Associate professor Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agricultural University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. M.phill, Department of Forestry, PMAS-Arid Agricultural University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-extreme-weather-and-climate-change-on-middle-class-communities-in-bara-kahu https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Socio-Cultural Constraints to Girls' Higher Secondary Education in Malakand, Pakistan Sunbal Manzoor Hussain Hussain Ali Girls Higher Education Gender Subordinate Position Malakand Pakistan In Pakistan, girls are facing social, cultural, and structural challenges to get higher education. Researchers investigate the social and cultural constraints among girls in accessing higher education in Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In the present study quantitative research design with a probability sampling technique was used to conduct survey research from 336 enrolled girl students in the study locale. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire in selected girls' colleges. The data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate a strong association between the lack of girls' higher education and gender roles in the study locale. The study explained that due to gender norms, girls’ higher education is socially restricted by male family members, particularly when no higher education institutions are available nearby. It is recommended that higher education facilities be established, and the community should be aware of the importance of girls’ education. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/sociocultural-constraints-to-girls-higher-secondary-education-in-malakand-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Reclaiming Identity through Transformation: An Analysis of Shaw’s Selected Plays from the Perspective of Transformation Saman Salah Khair-Un-Nisa Azeem Maryam Shah Drama Pygmalion Transformative Learning Theory Qualitative Research Content Analysis Overcoming Obstacles The present paper seeks to investigate the selected drama Pygmalion from the perspective of transformation. Shaw’s Pygmalion (1913) reflects an in-depth transformation through the characters, events, and incidents. Shaw in Pygmalion explores the concerns of class, language, gender, and identity by introducing the character Eliza Doolittle, a downtrodden flower girl who grows into an autonomous and self-confident woman through the assistance of Professor Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering. This paper analyzes the play Pygmalion (2003) from the perspective of Transformative Learning theory given by Jack Mezirow (1991). The paper uses qualitative research with content analysis and comes up with the conclusion that the challenges faced by the character lead to her empowerment. Pygmalion reminds us that overcoming obstacles, even tough ones, can lead to meaningful growth in a world with many social barriers. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Womens' University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, Balochistan University of Engineering Technology, Khuzdar, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/reclaiming-identity-through-transformation-an-analysis-of-shaws-selected-plays-from-the-perspective-of-transformation https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Cultural Narratives and Gendered Power in Drama Advertisement: A Multimodal Analysis Shajia Fayyaz Tazanfal Tehseem Asad Nazar Multimodal Analysis Patriarchy and Power Gender Representation Pakistani Television Dramas Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) And Visual Semiotics The paper applies Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to explore the issue of gendered representation and power relationships in Pakistani television dramas. It looks at how women's bodies are constructed discursively and fit into broadcast discourse. The primary goal is to look into how language, visual semiotics, and narrative patterns in drama posters and dialogues support gender-based power disparities and cultural norms in Pakistani culture. Nine posters from drama serials that were broadcast on Green Entertainment, ARY Digital, and Express Entertainment served as the foundation for this study. A CDA framework was used to understand the representational, interactional, and compositional meanings suggested in Kress and van Leeuwen's Visual Grammar that were used to study the posters. The analysis of the study demonstrates some common themes, including disobedience, female competition, love triangles, moral redemption, and emotional torment. Men are depicted to be strong characters and women are depicted in emotional crises. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English Language and Literature, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English Language and Linguistics, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of English Language and Linguistics, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/cultural-narratives-and-gendered-power-in-drama-advertisement-a-multimodal-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-II).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 2 Pakistan

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Data Privacy and Digital Trust: Empirical Insights on Consumer Loyalty in Pakistan’s SME Sector Zargham Ullah Khan Arslan Shahid Rashid Mahmood Munir Data Privacy Consumer Loyalty Digital Marketing CFIP IUIPC Pakistan SMEs Privacy Calculus Transparency Trust Data privacy concerns among consumers have become one of the factors influencing brand loyalty as Pakistan's SMEs explore digital marketing progressively. Using established CFIP and IUIPC models, this study analyzes the connection between privacy concerns and customer loyalty. 200 online consumers were given an established survey, and SPSS was used to analyze the results. Results reveal a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.482, p < .01), with privacy concerns explaining 23.2% of the variance in consumer loyalty. The study shows a general lack of consumer understanding about data rights and establishes the findings within Pakistan's changing statutory framework, especially the upcoming Draft Personal Data Protection Bill (Chambers and Partners, 2025). In order to increase trust and sustained loyalty, SMEs should put in place voluntary consent procedures, open data policies, and transparent privacy dashboards. In emerging markets, this study offers empirical information to inform privacy-concerned strategies for digital marketing. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Hailey College of Banking & Finance, University of the Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Hailey College of Banking & Finance, University of the Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. Ph.D. Scholar, Hailey College of Banking & Finance, University of the Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/data-privacy-and-digital-trust-empirical-insights-on-consumer-loyalty-in-pakistans-sme-sector https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Investigating the Career Guidance Needs of Secondary School Students in Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Alam Zeb Arshad Ali Mian Said Hussain Career Guidance Needs Secondary School Students The study investigated students' career guidance needs at secondary schools. The study's objectives were to find out the career guidance needs of students in secondary schools and recommend career strategies for career guidance. The design for the research was quantitative.  30439 students were in the population. Using a simple random procedure, 380 respondents were selected. A data gathering tool of a questionnaire was prepared, validated, and piloted. Self-visits were made to schools for collecting data. Mean scores, standard deviations, and chi-square test were used for data analyses. Students' need for career guidance and trained guides to careers was found. The study found the need for career guidance and trained career guides in schools. Assistance in selecting subjects of study and planning careers is needed. Identification mechanisms for students' interests to plan for careers are needed. Recommendations were forwarded for guidance facilities of career planning and support for selecting the right choice of subjects for students. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Center for Education and Staff Training, University of Swat, Charbagh, KP, Pakistan. Professor, Institute of Education & Research, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Center for Education and Staff Training, University of Swat, Charbagh, KP, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/investigating-the-career-guidance-needs-of-secondary-school-students-in-pakhtunkhwa-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Workplace Misuse and Mental Exhaustion: How Counterproductive Behaviors and Ostracism Fuel Burnout in Banks Emaan Yousaf Aamar Ilyas Hafiz Ahmad Ashraf Illegitimate Tasks; Toxic Workplace; Counterproductive Work Behaviour; Workplace Ostracism; Burnout The current study aims at examining the influence of illegitimate tasks on burnout among graduate students working in the banking industry in Pakistan with a special interest on the role of counterproductive work behavior (CWB), toxic workplace environment, and workplace ostracism. The key question is how these organizational actors affect job preparedness and professional opportunity, are the key aspects of graduate employability. A quantitative research design was used whereby 400 participants took part in a convenience sampling method. Direct and indirect hypotheses that are brought throughout this study are all confirmed, as a holistic model, in which the illegitimate tasks reduce the employability through burnout and job dysfunction, but an entrepreneurial orientation and the support systems counter these impacts. The research has practical implications that any educator, policymaker, and human resource practitioner can use in promoting graduate employability in a turbulent environment. Humanity Publications Undergraduate, Department of Business Administration, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of Central Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, University of Central Punjab, Gujranwala Campus, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/workplace-misuse-and-mental-exhaustion-how-counterproductive-behaviors-and-ostracism-fuel-burnout-in-banks https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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English Print Media Reporting on Domestic Violence Against Women in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis Sheeza Akbar Aisha Farid Alisha Akbar Khan CDA Print Media Domestic Violence Gender Stereotypes Critical Discourse Analysis serves as the research method to examine how Pakistani English print media presents domestic violence against women while evaluating its outcomes regarding public discourse and legal reforms, together with societal norms. A study of domestic violence in Pakistani newspapers evaluates The Express Tribune, The News International, and Dawn through four research themes, including legislative changes, victim portrayal, cultural elements, and community responses. Media reporting shows advancement in legal enforcement of physical assault crimes, but fails to represent abusive behaviors such as emotional and economic abuse due to legal system deficiencies. News coverage about domestic violence victims contains conflicting messages that support both survivor self-empowerment and traditional victim-blaming perspectives through the portrayal of violence as an isolated cultural practice. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, GC Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. Graduate, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/english-print-media-reporting-on-domestic-violence-against-women-in-pakistan-a-critical-discourse-analysis https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Defamiliarizing Traditions: A Formalist Study of A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner Samiya Raheem Sayyed Abdullah Savera Naheed Formalism Defamiliarization Society This study examines William Faulkner's A Rose for Emily through the lens of defamiliarization, a key concept in Formalist literary theory. By employing close reading and I.A. Richards' analytical model, the analysis explores how the text transforms familiar themes of love, death, traditions, and societal norms into strange and thought-provoking concepts. The fragmented narrative structure, vivid imagery, symbolism, and ironic contrasts work to reframe the understanding of the past and its impact on the present. This study mainly focuses on the use of figurative language and the title, which adds layers of complexity to the story. The study highlights A Rose for Emily as a profound critique of resistance to change and the haunting power of memory, offering new perspectives on the interaction between individual and societal struggles. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, English Literature and Linguistics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, English Literature and Linguistics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, English Literature and Linguistics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/defamiliarizing-traditions-a-formalist-study-of-a-rose-for-emily-by-william-faulkner https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Reviewing Methods and Means of Suicide Attempt: Lethality verses non-lethality Nasar Khan Mansoor Ullah Usra Suicide Attempt Methods Fatal Non-Fatal Choice In suicide related studies methods and means of suicide attempt are one of the key debates (Lester, 2008). There are social, cultural, and psychological explanations to why an individual chooses a particular method for attempting a suicide? This review-based article provides an insight to answering that what the common and rare methods of suicide attempt? Why an individual opts for a particular method to attempt a suicide? Hand searching approach was adopted whereby a total of 74 peer reviewed studies were identified where 17 studies were included. Findings show that there are two categories of methods of suicide attempts; first lethal methods of suicide attempts; and second, non-lethal methods of suicide attempt. The means and methods of suicide attempt can be controlled with the help of social institutions. It is suggested to carry out qualitative exploration research to understand the subjective logic behind opting for specific methods of suicide attempts. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of Sociology, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Management Studies, University of Chitral, KP, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Psychology, University of Buner, KP, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/reviewing-methods-and-means-of-suicide-attempt-lethality-verses-nonlethality https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Semantic and Communicative Losses in the English Translations of Surah Kawthar: A Comparative Study Marrium Sayyed Muhammad Abdullah Surah Al-Kawthar Al-Kawthar Quran Sematic Pragmatic Loss Surah Al-Kawthar is the 108th and shortest chapter of the Holy Quran. It is necessary to understand the message of the Holy Qur’an, revealed in Arabic. Scholars, both Muslim and non-Muslim, have put their efforts to translate the word of Allah Almighty into various languages. These translations may have resulted into various forms of losses. Arguably, these losses hinder the complete understanding of the true message of the Holy Qur’an invested there in. This research aims to conducting an in-depth comparative analysis of three English translations of Surah Kawthar. This is particularly crucial for a text that, in its original form, is considered a divine Speech (Kalam) or word of Allah Almighty. The study employs comparative and pragmalinguistic analysis techniques in this regard. Finally the study highlights some significant aspects of semantic and communicative losses. Humanity Publications MPhil Scholar, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/semantic-and-communicative-losses-in-the-english-translations-of-surah-kawthar-a-comparative-study https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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An Interpretation of Walcott’s Masterpiece A Far Cry from Africa through the Perspective of Diasporic Distinctiveness and Cultural Encounter Saman Salah Khair-Un-Nisa Azeem Maryam Shah Diaspora Elements Home Migration Hybridity The research aims to highlight the diasporic elements from one of the diasporic writers, Derek Walcott. By the end of this research, it must be ensured that certain factors would affect the diaspora writers after their placement from one area to another, whether intentionally or unintentionally. The paper in hand is specifically a discussion on one of the most prominent works of Derek Walcott, which is ‘A Far Cry from Africa’; hence, it proves that this poem is a diasporic work. Moreover, it would significantly highlight some of the prominent elements of any diasporic work, which include home and belonging, displacement and migration, or identity. This research has been conducted using the qualitative research content analysis method of Wellek and Warren (1997). Through this specific study of Derek Walcott’s diasporic work, readers will have an expansion in better understanding and identification of diaspora works. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/an-interpretation-of-walcotts-masterpiece-a-far-cry-from-africa-through-the-perspective-of-diasporic-distinctiveness-and-cultural-encounter https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Food Security in a Climate Change Context: A Case Study of Gujar Khan, District Rawalpindi Saleha Irfan Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry Food Security Socioeconomic Fertilizers Crop Failure This research shows the impact of socioeconomic conditions on the outcomes of food security, which comes under the climate change in the agricultural community of Gujar Khan, which is in the District Rawalpindi. Based on qualitative data, which was collected through interviews with local farmers, the research recognizes that farmers face a lot of challenges, including poor access to markets, low prices of crops, and limited access to fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides. Due to changes in the climate, crop failures were a very common issue that was noticed by the farmers in Gujar Khan. There is a need to provide resources and awareness to the farming community for the better production of crops. The study shows that surviving methods are very few. While some farmers adopt some small changes, which is a systemic approach that is supported by some policy, infrastructure is lacking. Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of Anthropology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor/Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS – Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/socioeconomic-factors-influencing-food-security-in-a-climate-change-context-a-case-study-of-gujar-khan-district-rawalpindi https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on News Credibility and Media Ethics Robina Saeed Maryam Hashmi Saadia Qamar Artificial Intelligence; News Credibility; Media Ethics; Disclosure; Human-In-The-Loop; Provenance; Algorithmic Accountability The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in newsrooms creates the issue of how it will affect perceived news credibility and ethical standards. The online experiment (n=1,200) was conducted in a 2x2 format and investigated the impact of message credibility, accuracy, fairness, and sharing willingness between byline (Human vs. AI-assisted) and disclosure (None vs. Explicit). The findings indicated a low but significant penalty against AI-assisted bylines, which was alleviated by direct disclosure, suggesting editorial control (AI-assisted; editor verified), particularly in people more media literate. The qualitative results indicated that the human-in-the-loop verification, the division of tasks, and the provenance practices could tackle these issues. The paper recommends that responsible AI usage involves a set of dedicated disclosure, human validation, and transparency to ensure credibility and ethical standards. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. M.Phil, School of Media and Communication Studies, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-news-credibility-and-media-ethics https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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A Review on Assessing Mental Health Issues Faced by Parents and Families Having Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities During Covid-19 Shabnum Qadeer Adeela Rahman Caregiving Burden Covid-19 Children With Disabilities Mental-Health Psychological Health Special Needs COVID-19 has overwhelmed the entire world in a limited interval of time. Meanwhile, the children with psychological, physical, or neurodevelopmental disabilities and their families are supposed to be the most vulnerable during times of pandemics. The literature was hunted vigilantly, and 10 out of 30 studies were considered to be the most relevant to review for the current topic. The pandemics like COVID-19 laid greater and irreversible impacts on the children with special needs and their families, as they are more prone to get psychological distress and a lack of social support during these emergency situations. Consequently, in order to study the impacts of pandemics on the mental health of disabled children and their caregivers, it is essential to highlight the issues faced by these susceptible populations and to provide them with better psychological support. Humanity Publications MPhil Student, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/a-review-on-assessing-mental-health-issues-faced-by-parents-and-families-having-children-with-special-educational-needs-and-disabilities-during-covid19 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).11 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Cyber Surveillance and the Freedom of Speech: Evaluating Pakistan’s PECA 2016 and the UK’s Investigatory Powers Act 2016 under Human Rights Standards Naveed Ejaz Cyber Surveillance Freedom of Speech PECA 2016 Investigatory Powers Act 2016 Human Rights Standards Data Retention Judicial Oversight In an unprecedented manner, this research critically assesses cyber-surveillance and freedom of expression, contrasting Pakistan's Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 with the United Kingdom's Investigatory Powers Act (IPA) 2016. In both jurisdictions, the extent to which national security priorities compete with the human rights of Free Speech and expression is explored through the relevant legal frameworks. The inquiry touches upon whether these surveillance practices meet international human-rights standards while zooming in on legal vagueness, surveillance issues, and lack of accountability. Therefore, it concludes that strong safeguards and a transparent regulatory mechanism must be urgently put in place to counter the abuse of such powers while fostering fundamental freedoms in the digital age. Humanity Publications PhD Scholar, Department of Law, Islamiya University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/cyber-surveillance-and-the-freedom-of-speech-evaluating-pakistans-peca-2016-and-the-uks-investigatory-powers-act-2016-under-human-rights-standards https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).12 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Cognitive Privacy and the Architecture of AI-Driven Surveillance Ali Nawaz Khan Shahzad Khalid Ahmed Raza Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Privacy Algorithmic Governance Privacy Law Constitutional Law AI Regulation Neurorights Cognitive Liberty Data Protection Human Autonomy Artificial intelligence has changed surveillance from observation to inference, with systems able to decode emotions, intentions, and beliefs based on behavioral and biometric measurements. The article proposes the concept of cognitive privacy as the right to mental autonomy and to avoid algorithmic manipulation. It explores the inability of current constitutional and statutory structures that were developed in an analog world to deal with inferential harm. It finds legal and normative loopholes in data collection, inference, and governance through the analysis of AI-driven surveillance architecture. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper suggests a four-layered cognitive-privacy protection model that includes sensor boundaries, inference control, interface transparency, and institutional oversight. It concludes that the only way to protect cognitive liberty is to redefine privacy as a control over inference as opposed to secrecy of information that is an indispensable measure towards the maintenance of democratic agency in the era of intelligent surveillance. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, University Law College, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Doctoral Researcher, Brunel University London, United Kingdom. Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Superior University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. LLM Scholar, Pennsylvania State University, USA. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/cognitive-privacy-and-the-architecture-of-aidriven-surveillance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).13 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Trauma and Memory in the Non Western Literature: Fiction as a Site of Healing, Testimony, and Resistance Abdul Rashid Samia Noreen Tanveer Baig Non Western Literature Healing impact Trauma Erased Histories In Post 9/11 fiction the concepts of memory, trauma and identity got much prominence in contemporary literature. However the major focus was on the westernized version of these constructs. Trauma, Memory and identity were represented as the privileged ones of the West. In such an attempt the sufferings of the Non Western i.e. Muslims were erased, neglected and represented as less privileged. The Non- Western literature in an attempt of recovery and writing against the “Literary Empire of Western Dominant Discourse” foregrounded trauma as a continuum which is historically entrenched, structurally reinforced, and entangled with the legacies of colonialism, imperialism, and racial violence imposed by West on its marginalized i.e. The Third World countries. Thus the Non-Western fiction became a vital space for bearing witness, recovering erased histories, and articulating alternative pathways to healing and resistance. Humanity Publications Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Post Doctoral Fellow at the University of Reading United Kingdom. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of English, Institute of Southern Punjab Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Sub Campus Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/trauma-and-memory-in-the-non-western-literature-fiction-as-a-site-of-healing-testimony-and-resistance https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).14 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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The Impact of Snapchat Filters on Shaping Ideal Beauty Perception among Female University Student of Lahore Kainat Abid Tanveer Hussain Snapchat Filters Ideal Beauty Perception Self-Image Dissatisfaction Ar Beauty Filters Social media has influenced beauty perception among young women. This study examines impact of Snapchat filters on ideal beauty among female university students, using social comparison theory as framework. Quantitative survey was design, collecting data from 238 students through questionnaire. Usage of filters showed negative relationship on beauty standards (r = −0.190, p = .004). Frequently usage of filters have strongly correlated with perception of ideal beauty (r = .709, p < .001) and to avoid posting unfiltered images on social media (r = .798, p < .001). Study highlighted the exposure of students toward Snapchat filters and explores their effects on body image and mental health. The study concludes that Snapchat filters have substantial impact on self-image and also highlight the importance of promoting critical media literacy and awareness of natural beauty standards. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Research, School of Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-impact-of-snapchat-filters-on-shaping-ideal-beauty-perception-among-female-university-student-of-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).15 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Media Exposure and the Social Construction of Climate Change Risk: A Quantitative Study of Public Perceptions in Sargodha Sara Munaf Shahzad Khaver Mushtaq Raheel Arshad Media exposure Climate change risk perception Social construction of risk Risk judgment Pro-environmental Behavior This research paper seeks to explore the role of media exposure in shaping climate change risk perception, pro-environmental concern and orientation of behavioral action by people. Climate change is mediated through information rather than direct experience by the masses and media becoming a prime contributor in the construction of risks surrounding climate. Through cross-sectional survey, a sample of 250 respondents was selected by the convenience sampling. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire with the use of the validated scale. Results indicate that there are strong, positive, and significant correlations between media exposure and risk perception of climate change, pro-environmental concern, and action orientation of behavioral response in favor of the social construction and amplification of risk views. The research suggests strategic, precise, and locally pertinent climate communication, intensified media literacy, and media and politico partnership to urge informed people to participate in climate change. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-09-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/media-exposure-and-the-social-construction-of-climate-change-risk-a-quantitative-study-of-public-perceptions-in-sargodha https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-III).16 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 3 Pakistan

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Teaching Translation through Machine Translation and Hybrid Approach: An Experimental Study at the Intermediate Level Farkhanda Jabeen Muhammad Abdullah Translation Studies Teaching Translation Grammar Translation Method Machine Translation Teaching Methodology Comparative Study Intermediate Level Teaching translation through the Grammar Translation Method (GTM) has been a usual practice throughout the world. In the contemporary period, especially after the AI revolution in the world, machine-based translations are also being rendered at a large scale. This study has explored the phenomenon of the use of Machine Translation in teaching translation from Urdu to English and vice versa. A questionnaire was developed for data collection, other than the execution of pre-test and post-test. There were 60 female students at a private college who were selected as respondents through purposive sampling. Students were divided into experimental groups 1& 2. Each group was taught translation through different methods: Machine Translation (MT) and juxtaposition of both MT and GTM. Data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. It was found that the combo of GTM & MT is more beneficial for teaching interlingual translations. However, students from semi-rural areas were found to be more comfortable with GTM. Humanity Publications Lecturer of English, Department of Management Sciences Al-Qadir University Project Trust Sohawa, Jhelum, Punjab, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor & HoD, Department of English Linguistics and Literature, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/teaching-translation-through-machine-translation-and-hybrid-approach-an-experimental-study-at-the-intermediate-level https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Effect of Psychosocial Factors on Players Resilience: Examining Attitude, Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioural Control Among Universities Women Hockey Player in Pakistan Mubashar Khan Nelfianty Binti Mohd Rasyid Zulakbal Bin Abd Karim Hockey Attitude Subjective Norms Perceived Behavioural Control Resilience This study examines the direct connections between players' resilience and psychosocial characteristics such as attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control among female university hockey players. Athletes with resilience are able to bounce back from setbacks fast, stay focused, and adjust to challenging circumstances both on and off the field. By elucidating its conceptual model, this study extended the notion of planned behavior. Purposive sampling was used in this cross-sectional study to gather data from 380 female hockey players in Pakistani universities. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to evaluate the data using established reflecting components. The findings imply that by encouraging a healthy team atmosphere and stressing problem-solving and emotional control abilities through awareness programs specifically created for female hockey players, coaches, and sports management officials can promote resilience. These actions can improve players' resilience and foster more encouraging surroundings for female hockey players. Humanity Publications Faculty of Sports Sciences and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris- Malaysia. Associate Professor, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris- Malaysia. Associate Professor, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Coaching, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris- Malaysia. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/effect-of-psychosocial-factors-on-players-resilience-examining-attitude-subjective-norms-and-perceived-behavioural-control-among-universities-women-hockey-player-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Digital Polls and Public Influence Analyzing the Impact of X (Twitter) Polls in Pakistan Jawad Ali Farah Yasser Fatima Khalid Political Polarization Public Influence Digital Polls Twitter (X) Narrative Building Manipulation In this digitally connected globe, the use of digital applications, especially Twitter (X), has increased manifold. Social media has become an apparatus not only for the political elite but also for the masses to express their political opinions. The introduction of digital polls on Twitter (X) gauges the pubic engagement and their interest in political matters. These digital surveys are conducted to monitor and measure the pulse of masses and create policies accordingly. The survey provides an overview of the masses willingness to participate in these polls. Besides this, hashtags are integral part of social media that are essential to make or break a story. Political polarization and difference of opinion is also visible in such polls. Humanity Publications MS Scholar, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. MS Scholar, Riphah Institute of Media Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/digital-polls-and-public-influence-analyzing-the-impact-of-x-twitter-polls-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Legal Transition, Ethical Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Challenges in Pakistan Aamir Abbas Muhammad Babar Shaheen Muhammad Shawaiz Shafiq Legal Transition CSR Environmental Issues Global Standards Paradigm Shift Abstract System The Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is purposed at ensuring business activities are responsible to society, alongside making a profit in businesses. CSR has been marked as a soft law obligation of businesses towards society. However, in recent years, the environmental challenges being faced by the world, particularly the developing world, including Pakistan, require consideration of a transition from a soft law approach to a hard law one. This article sheds light on challenges to the soft law approach while dealing with environmental problems in Pakistan. Although the environment is an international issue and requires to be dealt with internationally, it is argued in this article that consideration of a hard law approach in this regard may bring forth some of the solutions to this menace in Pakistan. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, College of Law, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, College of Law, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Research Assistant, A2 Student, Environmentalist, and Passionate Student of Economics and Mathematics, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/legal-transition-ethical-corporate-social-responsibility-and-environmental-challenges-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Unveiling Honour and Marginalization in the Honor Unmasked (2017) by Nafisa Shah: A Critical Feminist Perspective Amna Bibi Tazanfal Tehseem Asad Nazar Marginalization Discourse Analysis Power and Gender Gender Inequality Patriarchy This paper examines the overlapping forces of gender, power, and justice in tribal and state laws in South Asia with special focus on honor-based violence and customary dispute resolution systems. Using the Three-Dimensional Model of Critical Discourse Analysis developed by Fairclough and Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA), the paper will examine a range of legal texts, case-based narratives, and oral narratives in order to reveal the manner in which discursive power is created and maintained by patriarchy. This particular focus is put on culturally established practices like mairh (peace delegation), faislo (sexual consent), and sang (women as compensation) in an attempt to show how these linguistic and ritual practices have been used to legitimize male dominance at the expense of female agency. Such discourses make gender inequality natural by enshrining it in tradition, legality, and collective memory. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, Department of Linguistics and Language Studies (DLLS), University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of Linguistics and Language Studies (DLLS), University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Linguistics and Language Studies (DLLS), University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/unveiling-honour-and-marginalization-in-the-honor-unmasked-2017-by-nafisa-shah-a-critical-feminist-perspective https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Representation of Working Women in Pakistani Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Dawn Newspaper Headlines Barkah Laiba Javid Critical Discourse Analysis media representation working women gender Pakistan Fairclough This paper discusses the portrayal of working women in Pakistan by discussing ten headlines of the English-based newspaper Dawn. The study investigates the textual, contextual, and socio-political aspects of the media discourse based on the three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis developed by Fairclough (1995, 2001). The results indicate a two-sided representation: women are both depicted as vulnerable, who are overwhelmed with unpaid care and lack of systems, and as agents of change and contributing to society. The discussion reveals the presence of repetitive ideologies of patriarchy, gendered work, and social conventions and illustrates how headlines serve as a form of ideology that reflects and constructs the perception of the general population. The article highlights the significance of media literacy and the inclusion of discourse to ensure fair representation and inclusion of women in the social and economic life of Pakistan. Humanity Publications MPhil, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. MPhil, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/representation-of-working-women-in-pakistani-media-a-critical-discourse-analysis-of-dawn-newspaper-headlines https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Exploring the Challenges of Social Welfare Department Officers during Their Services Delivery: A Case Study of Sargodha Region Shazib Iqbal Muhammad Tahir Shafquat Ali Challenges Social Welfare Department Officers Service Delivery Essential Resources Beneficiaries This study was conducted to investigate the issues experienced by Social Welfare Department Officers in the outcome of service delivery in the Sargodha region of Pakistan by qualitative case study method. Informed by in-depth semi-structured interviews with 10 officers which are working in 6 different welfare projects, the research involved thematic analysis. The Results relate that poor office facilities, lack of transport and communication facilities, and outmoded methodologies, no doubt, impacted the provision of good service, and that bureaucratic and geographical barriers also restricted access, especially in rural areas. The findings support the significance of certain reforms, such as the role of infrastructure development, the timely availability of funding, the consistent development of the workforce, the simplification of administrative procedures, and the role of governance regimes in making services more efficient and improving the situation of the vulnerable segments of the population. Humanity Publications M.Sc. Sociology Graduated, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of Sociology, Karakorum University Diamer Campus, Chilas, Gilgit- Baltistan. Pakistan. Teaching Assistant /Visiting Lecturer, Department of Sociology & Gender Studies, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/exploring-the-challenges-of-social-welfare-department-officers-during-their-services-delivery-a-case-study-of-sargodha-region https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Digital Arena Empowering Women’s Online Presence: A Stratified Survey of Lahore Naweera Babar Tanveer Hussain Digital Empowerment Women’s Online Presence Familial Influence Privacy and Security Concerns Digital Gender Divide Digital media has provided women an opportunity to give their point of view and establish their online presence, especially in countries like Pakistan. The purpose this research is to understand the perception of women regarding social media as a source of self-expression and empowerment. Along with this, the familial influence and online privacy and security concerns are also considered. Quantitative approach has been used and data from 384 women belonging to different age groups, educational and professional backgrounds and localities has collected. For the analysis of data, descriptive statistics and one-sample t-test has been used. Results have shown that women consider social media as a tool to give their point of view and show their creativity and talent. But familial influence, online harassment and privacy concerns limit their online participation. This research emphasizes that secure digital space less familial influence is important for the actual digital empowerment of women. Humanity Publications M.Phil Scholar, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Communication and Media Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/digital-arena-empowering-womens-online-presence-a-stratified-survey-of-lahore https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Invisible Labor and Climate Shocks: Gendered Time Poverty in Heatwave-Affected Urban Informal Settlements in Karachi, Pakistan and Delhi, India Ijlal Khan Gendered Time Poverty Social Reproduction Heatwaves Informal Settlements Feminist Political Ecology Climate Adaptation Urban Governance South Asia In South Asia, extreme heatwaves disproportionately affect the informal settlements in cities, but the gender aspect of time regarding such vulnerability is a highly significant subject that is critically neglected. This paper uses case study analysis using comparative cases to suggest that heatwaves act as temporal shocks, which heighten unpaid labor of women forming gendered time poverty in Karachi, Pakistan, and Delhi, India. The research finds, through the combined prism of feminist political ecology and gender time poverty theory, that infrastructural failure and gender ideals of time transfer climate stress into a time-starved crisis of time in women. The results show that heatwaves have the effect of unpaid domestic and care time of women by 1.53 hours a day and cut off income-generating, rest and leisure.  Humanity Publications Graduate, Department of International Relations (IR), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/invisible-labor-and-climate-shocks-gendered-time-poverty-in-heatwaveaffected-urban-informal-settlements-in-karachi-pakistan-and-delhi-india https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

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Gendered Constructions of Workplace Stress: An Interpretative Study of Coping, Role Expectations, and Psychological Outcomes Shahzad Khaver Mushtaq Asma Yunus Suleeman Hussain Gender Differences Workplace Stress Response Strategies Psychological Outcomes This qualitative interpretative research focuses on gender differences in the methods of coping with stress and the psychological consequences of the employees of a factory based in Central Punjab. Relying on the Cognitive Vulnerability-Stress Model and Work-Family Conflict Theory, the research examines how men and women experience workplace stress, coping strategies, and psychological implications. A purposive sampling was used to consider a sample of 15 employees. Semi-structured interviews were being conducted in-depth. Thematic analysis has shown that both gender have common organizational stressors but they react to these environments and have varying results. Problem-focused coping and emotional suppression were more commonly found among male employees and were most frequently manifested in the form of irritability and somatic symptoms, whereas female employees were more dependent on emotional expression and social support and reported the presence of more anxiety, emotional exhaustion, and work-family conflict. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2025-12-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/gendered-constructions-of-workplace-stress-an-interpretative-study-of-coping-role-expectations-and-psychological-outcomes https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2025(X-IV).10 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 10, Issue 4 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:395891 2026-03-30 gsr

The Sociology of Global Supply Chains: Labor Regimes and Transnational Worker Solidarity in the Post-Pandemic Era Mariam Munir Global Supply Chains Labor Regimes Transnational Solidarity COVID-19 Pandemic Precarity Digital Surveillance Worker Resistance Supply Chain Governance Just Recovery Networked Power The present secondary-research report is an analysis of the post-pandemic global supply chains' (GSCs) sociology, focusing on the dialectic of strengthening labor regimes and changing transnational worker solidarity. The paper claims that the COVID-19 crisis was a great accelerator that has shown and further enforced structural inequalities that existed before. Capital has reacted by re-engineering control by increasing precarity, digital surveillance, and state alliances in a resilience narrative. On the other hand, the identical crisis has prompted new labor reactions, such as digital mobilization, new networks of solidarity, and coalitional approaches to logistical bottlenecks. The report provides a conclusion that the modern world is characterized by an essential battle over governance between a capital-based initiative of risk reduction and a labor-focused prospectus of a just recovery, the victory of which depends on the efficacy of the latest networked forms of worker counter-power. Humanity Publications BA Scholar, Department of Sociology, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/the-sociology-of-global-supply-chains-labor-regimes-and-transnational-worker-solidarity-in-the-postpandemic-era https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Digital Sexuality: Exploring Social Media Influence on Adults’ Sexual Desires, Identities, and Behaviors Muhammad Intizar Raza Amber Javed Suleeman Hussain Digital Sexuality Social Media Sexual Desires Identities Behaviors The paper investigates the approaches of adults to social media in all its aspects: perception, interpretation, and bargaining of the impact of social media on their sexual desires, identities, and behaviors. Existing literature on the topic of digital sexuality has mostly focused on adolescents and emerging adults, neglecting adulthood as a persistent location of sexual negotiation. The qualitative interpretive design was adopted through which semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out with 11 adult social media users (18-30) in Punjab, Pakistan. The thematic analysis of data was conducted in terms of the sexual scripts theory and performativity. The results indicate that social media strengthens sexual awareness and, at the same time, supports cultural ideas of modesty, respectability, and surveillance. Individuals participated in strategic self-representation, gendered containment, and selective use of personal digital space to assert hidden sexual agency. Humanity Publications Civil Teacher, Garrison Human Resources Development Centre (HRDC), Cantt Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/digital-sexuality-exploring-social-media-influence-on-adults-sexual-desires-identities-and-behaviors https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Radical Feminist Reflections in the selected works of Marlyn French, Khaled Hosseini and Margaret Atwood Saman Salah Khair un Nisa Azeem Durdana Rafique Radical Feminism Selected Novels Qualitative Research Content Analysis This paper seeks to explore the questions of radical feminism against women oppression and stereotype patriarchal roles in the selected novels of Marlyn French, Khaled Hosseini and Margaret Atwood. Drawing upon Shulamith’s theoretical perspectives on radical feminism (1970), this paper throws reflections on the challenges faced by the women in the selected novels and their resistance towards oppression based on biological creation. The selected novels are analyzed with a qualitative research design (Wellek & Warren, 1977) since the it provides space to the researcher for deep analysis. Using content analysis, the paper extracts and interprets resistance as a continuous pattern in the selected novels though written under different social and political backgrounds, due to different types of oppression caused by the patriarchal system. Thus, oppression becomes a global issue which needs to be direly readdressed in the 21st century modern world. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. MPhil Scholar, Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Department of English, University of Turbat, Balochistan, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/radical-feminist-reflections-in-the-selected-works-of-marlyn-french-khaled-hosseini-and-margaret-atwood https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).03 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Genre Analysis of University Admission Advertisements in Pakistan: A Move-Structure Approach Tazanfal Tehseem Faqiha Naz Muqadas Mujahid Genre Analysis Admission Advertisements Bhatia Move Analysis Hec Universities Pakistan The present study explores the ways in which Pakistani universities facilitate the creation of highly persuasive advertisements with the aid of numerous rhetorical movements and multi-modal strategies. For this purpose, 40 admission advertisements were retrieved from top-ranked universities within Pakistan, as per the HEC ranking. By employing a qualitative methodology, for the identification of rhetorical moves, the model of Move Structure, as suggested by Bhatia, has been employed. Inter-rater reliabilities were met through the calculation of Cohen’s Kappa (κ = 0.84), which ensured the accuracy of the identification of the moves. The analysis indicated the rhetorical moves occurred across all of the selected advertisements and can be categorized as obligatory, optional, and innovative visual elements and persuasive language were used to attract the attention of prospective students and promote institutional credibility. The findings reveal how admission advertisements perform dual functions such as informing applicants and presenting a marketable institutional image. Humanity Publications Associate Professor, Department of English Language and Linguistics, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Higher Education Department, Gov. of Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil Scholar, Department of English Language and Linguistics, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/genre-analysis-of-university-admission-advertisements-in-pakistan-a-movestructure-approach https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).04 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Empowering Women for Sustainable Peace: A Global Perspective on Women’s Role in Peacebuilding and Social Change in Pakistan Ayesha Rafiq Women’s Empowerment Peacebuilding in Pakistan Women Peace and Security (Wps) Feminist &amp; Social Change Theory Political Participation and Leadership Economic Empowerment and Wage Gap Gender- Women’s empowerment is increasingly recognized as central to good governance, social cohesion, and sustainable peace. In Pakistan, however, entrenched patriarchal norms restrict women’s participation in education, the economy, politics, and formal conflict-resolution processes. This study examines women’s empowerment as both a rights-based imperative and a strategic pathway to sustainable peace, focusing on women’s evolving roles as negotiators, mediators, and community peacebuilders in conflict-prone regions such as Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Grounded in Feminist and Social Change theories, the research employs a mixed-methods design, including surveys(n=200), interviews(n=30), and case studies. Findings reveal systemic exclusion shaped by socio-cultural constraints, economic dependence, and limited political influence despite increased representation. While women remain underrepresented in formal peace negotiations, they play critical roles in grassroots peacebuilding. The study argues that meaningful inclusion of women is essential for legitimate and lasting peace and recommends gender-responsive legal reforms, economic inclusion, and institutional support for women-led peace initiatives.  Humanity Publications Gold Medalist, Peace and Conflict Studies, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/empowering-women-for-sustainable-peace-a-global-perspective-on-womens-role-in-peacebuilding-and-social-change-in-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).05 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Teacher Performance in Punjab’s Government Schools: The Role of Job Satisfaction and Workplace Conditions Zermina Tasleem Sohail Ayaz Muhammad Muqarrab Akbar Job Satisfaction Work Environment Government Schools in Punjab Pakistan The quality and performance of education systems, especially the performance of teachers, influence the quality and effectiveness of educational systems especially in schools of the developing world that provide education in the public sector. Government schools within the Punjab province of Pakistan are still struggling with the factors of poor motivation of teachers, poor working conditions, and weak institutional support. Under the quantitative research design, data were gathered using 300 teachers who worked in government schools of Multan district using a structured questionnaire. The proposed relationships were tested by use of Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that job satisfaction plays a great and non-negative role in the teacher performance, and positive work environment also plays a great role in the enhancement of the instructional performance. The findings reveal that intrinsic and extrinsic motivational elements should be considered in order to improve the performance of teachers.  Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Assistant Professor, Hasan Murad School of Management, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Professor, Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/teacher-performance-in-punjabs-government-schools-the-role-of-job-satisfaction-and-workplace-conditions https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).06 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Evaluating Teacher’s Assessments Competence in Higher Education Mobeen-Ul-Islam Nayyar Bashir Anam Meer Teachers’ Assessment Competence Higher Education Gender Differences Teaching Experience Faculty-wise Comparison In this study, the assessment competencies of teachers in higher education were examined based on the gender (male and female), teaching experience (novice and experienced) and faculty affiliation (Social Sciences and Sciences). The quantitative type of research design was used and a sample consisting of 24 faculty members was selected using the Questionnaire of Teachers Assessment Competencies(QTAC) which includes the main dimensions of assessment practice, which included traditional and standardized testing, communication of assessment results, performance assessment, non-achievement grading and test reliability. Descriptive analysis showed that teachers exhibited a moderate to high extent of assessment competence with the variation in this being complementary strengths as opposed to significant difference. The competence of female and experienced teachers in relation to standardized testing, communication of results, and promotion of reliability demonstrated a relatively high level of competence, and male and novice teachers demonstrated a higher tendency toward traditional and performance-based assessment practices. Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. PhD Scholar, Department of Education, University of Gujrat , Punjab, Pakistan. M.Phil, Department of Education, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/evaluating-teachers-assessments-competence-in-higher-education https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).07 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Tragicomedy and Ambivalence: Dogs as a Lens on Muslim Society in Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi's Works Hafiz Abid Masood Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi Dogs Urdu Literature Human-animal Studies Colonialism Islam This paper examines the representation of dogs in the literary corpus of Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi, one of the foremost humor writers in the Urdu literary tradition. Drawing on Yusufi’s four major books, Charagh Talay, Khakam Badahan, Zar Guzasht, and Aab-e-Gum, the study traces the multifaceted role of dogs in his fiction, situating it within the broader context of Islamic attitudes toward dogs and the impact of British colonialism on Muslim sensibilities in the Indian subcontinent. The paper argues that Yusufi employs dogs not merely as comic devices but as complex cultural signifiers that illuminate colonial mimicry, class aspiration, and the tension between Islamic jurisprudential attitudes toward dogs and the Westernized sensibility of the educated Muslim elite. The analysis also places Yusufi’s corpus within the growing field of human-animal studies and Muslim literary traditions.  Humanity Publications Assistant Professor, Department of English, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/tragicomedy-and-ambivalence-dogs-as-a-lens-on-muslim-society-in-mushtaq-ahmad-yusufis-works https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).08 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Between Home and Exile: Liminal Spaces in the Narrative Literature of Partition in Sub-Continent in 1947 Abdul Rashid Saima Khyzer Misbah Hameed Partition Migrants Subcontinent Sense of Loss Displacement and Coping Strategies The present study is aimed to trace out the stages of liminality in the narrative literature of the partition in the subcontinent in 1947.The major theoretical insights have been taken from Homi k Bhabha’s concept of postcolonial Liminality. The data has been collected through interviews from the migrants of partition, on friend a friend sampling model, currently living in Punjab, Pakistan. It has been found that all the migrants had to undergo the three stages of liminality. The present study reveals the sense of loss and displacement faced by the migrants had been long lasting. Even after the lap of Seventy Eight years since the partition most of these migrants are in the liminal stage. It also reveals that the coping strategies of trauma were adopted by these migrants to mitigate their sense of loss and longing but could never come up with the sense of loss of their home. Humanity Publications Post-Doctoral Fellow, University of Reading, United Kingdom / Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. Lecturer, Department of English, University of Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-03-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/between-home-and-exile-liminal-spaces-in-the-narrative-literature-of-partition-in-subcontinent-in-1947 https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-I).09 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 1 Pakistan

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Perception and Practice of Transgender Rights in South Asia: A Comparative Analysis of India and Pakistan Muhammad Fazeel Samavia Hanif Ghulam Mustafa Transgender Rights Gender Identity Social Inclusion Legal Recognition South Asia The study offers a comparative analysis of transgender rights in Pakistan and India, drawing on insights into legal protections, attitudes towards transgender people, and the experiences of transgender individuals in both societies. Both countries have enacted legislation that acknowledges and safeguards transgender rights, yet transgender people remain subject to discrimination, social marginalization, violence, and limited access to education, healthcare, employment, and justice. This qualitative research also examines the histories and cultures of transgender communities in South Asia and the legacy of colonial law on gender identity. The findings are analysed through the lenses of social constructivism, queer theory, and intersectionality. The study aims to highlight similarities, differences, and gaps in the policies of Pakistan and India with respect to transgender rights, and to make recommendations for equality, social inclusion, and better protection of transgender rights. Humanity Publications M.Phil. Scholar, Department of International Relations, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. BS International Relations, Department of International Relations, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/perception-and-practice-of-transgender-rights-in-south-asia-a-comparative-analysis-of-india-and-pakistan https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-II).01 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 2 Pakistan

oai:gsrjournal.com:395993 2026-06-30 gsr

Workplace Gender Equality Policies in Pakistani Corporations Hareem Fatima Tayba Anwar Gender Equality Corporate Pakistan Equal Pay Women's Leadership Anti-Harassment Patriarchy Institutional Barriers International Labor Organization CEDAW Gender equality in the workplace is a key yet unrealized agenda in the Pakistani business world. Women remain largely excluded from the professional sphere due to women-friendly institutional constraints and entrenched patriarchal norms. Although the constitution and law formally ensure equal rights for all, in practice Pakistani corporations have not been able to translate these commitments into policies that are implemented and enforced on the ground and that make a difference for working women. This study critically analyses the nature of gender equality policies in Pakistani corporations, especially Equal Pay, Women in Leadership, anti-harassment policies, and family-friendly workplace policies. In pursuit of these goals, the study adopts a qualitative research approach and relies mainly on secondary sources such as policy documents, institutional reports, and academic literature. Humanity Publications BS International Relations, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. In-charge, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2026-06-30 Text Article application/pdf https://gsrjournal.com/article/workplace-gender-equality-policies-in-pakistani-corporations https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2026(XI-II).02 en Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Global Sociological Review Volume 11, Issue 2 Pakistan