Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences
This study explored the beliefs of elite school teachers concerning the effect of students' behavior on teachers' stress and burnout in an elite school. It also aimed to find out the perceptions of elite school teachers about organizational climate inducing teachers' stress and burnout. This study used an interpretive phenomenological research design to get an insight into the lived experiences of stress and burnout elite schoolteachers face. A criterion sampling technique was used to select a sample of fifteen teachers employed in an elite school in Lahore. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to get a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of elite school teachers. The thematic cross-case analysis revealed that most teachers experience-work stress and burnout. Some of the major stressors for teachers were administrative conflicts, collegial issues,excessive workload, lack of appreciation, and organizational environment. Students' disruptive behavior is the most significant predictor of teacher stress and exhaustion. It has been concluded that teachers need to have a properly articulated policy that could possibly protect their rights.
-
Teacher's stress, Burnout, Students behavior, Classroom management, Elite school
-
(1) Mariam Naz
M.Phil Scholar, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Yaar Muhammad
Assistant Professor, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
(3) Aisha Mahmood
Assistant Professor, Department of STEM Education, Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- dawiah, L. R., & Romadona, N. (2021). Why are Teachers Vulnerable to Stress? Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Early Childhood Education (ICECE 2020).
- Akbari, R., & Eghtesadi Roudi, A. (2020). Reasons of Burnout: The Case of Iranian English Language Teachers. Psychological Studies, 65(2), 157–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-019-00541-y
- Akdemir, Z. A. (2019). The Effect of Teacher Burnout on Organizational Commitment in Turkish Context. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(4), 171. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i4.4067
- Al-Adwan, F. E. Z., & Al-Khayat, M. M. (2016). Psychological Burnout in Early Childhood Teachers: Levels and Reasons. International Education Studies, 10(1), 179. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n1p179
- Ali, A., Ranjha, A. N., & Bukhari, S. M. H. (2020). Relationship between physical activity and burnout among university faculty in pakistan. Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies, 6(1), 1-8.
- Ali, K., Ishtiaq, I., & Ahmad, M. (2013). Occupational stress effects and job performance in the teachers of schools of Punjab (Pakistan). Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Early Childhood Education.
- Anastasiou, S., & Belios, E. (2020). Effect of age on job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion of primary school teachers in Greece. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 10(2), 644-655.
- Asaloei, S. I., Wolomasi, A. K., & Werang, B. R. (2020). Work-related stress and performance among primary school teachers. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 9(2), 352. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20335
- Atmaca, Ç., Rızaoğlu, F., Türkdoğan, T., & Yaylı, D. (2020). An emotion focused approach in predicting teacher burnout and job satisfaction. Teaching Teacher Education, 90(1), 1-13.
- Ayub, A., Hussain, M. A., & Ghulamullah, N. (2018). Causes and impact of work stress on teacher's performance in urban primary schools. Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 6(1), 81-100.
- Batool, S., Atta, M., & Riaz, N. (2020). Impact of self-efficacy on job stress in teachers: The role of marital status. Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 8(2), 46-55.
- Blase, J. J. (1986). A qualitative analysis of sources of teacher stress: Consequences for performance. American Educational Research Journal, 23(1), 13-40.
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper, P. M. Camic, D. L. Long, A. T. Panter, D. Rindskopf, & K. J. Sher (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology (2nd ed) 57-71, American Psychological Association.
- Brouwers, A., & Tomic, W. (1999). Teacher burnout, perceived self-efficacy in classroom management, and student disruptive behaviour in secondary education. Curriculum and Teaching, 14(2), 7-26. doi: https://doi.org/10.7459/ct/14.2.02
- Chang, E. M., Daly, J. W., Hancock, K. M., Bidewell, J., Johnson, A., Lambert, V. A., & Lambert, C. E. (2006). The relationships among workplace stressors, coping methods, demographic characteristics, and health in Australian nurses. Journal of Professional Nursing, 22(1), 30-38.
- Chughati, F. D., & Perveen, U. (2013). A study of teachers workload and job satisfaction in public And private schools at secondary level in Lahore city Pakistan. Asian Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities,, 2(1), 202-214.
- Dawn, S., Bhattacharjee, S., Singh, O. P., & Talukdar, P. (2021). A Study on Job Related Stress among School Teachers in Different Schools of West Bengal, India. Eastern Journal of Psychiatry, 19(1), 12–17. https://doi.org/10.5005/ejp-19-1-12
- Demir, S. (2018). The relationship between psychological capital and stress, anxiety, burnout, job satisfaction, and job involvement. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 18(75), 137-154.
- Desouky, D., & Allam, H. (2017). Occupational stress, anxiety and depression among Egyptian teachers. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 7(3), 191-198.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2017.06.002
- Galanakis, M., Alexandri, E., Kika, K., Lelekanou, X., Papantonopoulou, M.,
- Stougiannou, D., & Tzani, M. (2020). What Is the Source of Occupational Stress and Burnout? Psychology, 11(05), 647–662. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2020.115044
- Habib, H. (2020). Organizational Commitment among Secondary School Teachers in Relation to Job Burnout. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 8(3), 72-76.
- Hasan, A. (2014). A study of occupational stress of primary school teachers. Educationia Confab, 3(4), 11-19.
- Herman, K. C., Hickmon-Rosa, J., & Reinke, W. M. (2017). Empirically Derived Profiles of Teacher Stress, Burnout, Self-Efficacy, and Coping and Associated Student Outcomes. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 20(2), 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300717732066
- Iqbal, M. J., Atta, M. A., & Nawaz, Q. (2020). Assessment of Government Teacher’s Burnout Regarding Selected Demographic Variables. Global Educational Studies Review, V(I), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(v-i).01
- Iqbal, M. J., & Rehman, A. (2020). Assessment of burnout among Secondary school teachersworking in various govt. high schools of district dera Ismail Khan. The Dialogue, 15(1), 158-163.
- Kara, S. (2020). Investigation of job satisfaction and burnout of visual arts teachers. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 6(1), 160-171.
- Kebbi, M. (2018). Stress and Coping Strategies Used by Special Education and General Classroom Teachers. International Journal of Special Education, 33(1), 34-61.
- Khan, A., Anwar, M., Khan, M. S., & Rehman, K. (2020). Determinants of job stress among faculty members in universities of pakistan. Academic Journal of Sciences, 4(3), 443-459.
- Khan, F., Ahmad, I., Sufyan, M., Naz, A., & Rasli, A. M. (2020). Examining the moderating role of job control on workload and emotional exhaustion among academicians. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(9), 8199-8211.
- Komal, F., Shah, S. A., & Naz, S. (2021). Investigation of work-related stress and its effects on teachers’performance at secondary level in pakistan. International Journal of Management, 12(2), 593-600.
- Kyriacou, C. (2001). Teacher stress: Directions for future research. Educational Review, 53(1), 27- 35.
- Lanza, G. (2020). Teachers' Self-efficacy When Managing Disruptive Student Behaviors and its Influence on Teacher Burnout. (Doctoral Dissertation), (2406)
- Li, S. (2020). Correlation among mental health, work stress and job burnout of rural teachers. Revista Argentina de Clà nica Psicoló gica, 29(1), 1345-1350. https://doi:10.24205/03276716.2020.194
- Li, S., Li, Y., Lv, H., Jiang, R., Zhao, P., Zheng, X., . . . Mao, F. (2020a). The prevalence and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 160.
- Li, S., Li, Y., Lv, H., Jiang, R., Zhao, P., Zheng, X., . . . Mao, F. (2020b). The prevalence and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 160. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020- 8287-7
- Majeed, S. S., Zia-ur-Rehman, M., & Rashid, M. (2011). Leading stress factors among school teachers: An empirical study of pakistani school teachers. World Review of Business Research, 1(3), 179-191.
- Makhdoom, I. F., Atta, M., & Malik, N. I. (2019a). Counterproductive Work Behaviors as an Outcome of Job Burnout among High School Teachers. Bulletin of Education and Research, 41(2), 79-92.
- Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (1999). Teacher burnout: A research agenda. In R. Vandenberghe & A. M. Huberman (Eds.), Understanding and preventing teacher burnout: A sourcebook of international research and practice 295-303 England: Cambridge University Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511527784.0 21
- Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2017a). Understanding burnout: New models. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 52(1), 397–422
- Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2017b). Understanding burnout: New models. In C. L. Cooper & J. C. Quick (Eds.), The handbook of stress and health: A guide to research and practice 36-56. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118993811.ch3
- Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422.
- Ozdemir, Y. (2007). The role of classroom management efficacy in predicting teacher burnout. I nternational Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 2(4), 256-262.
- Prasojo, L. D., Habibi, A., Yaakob, M. F. M., Pratama, R., Yusof, M. R., Mukminin, A., & Hanum, F. (2020). Teachers’ burnout: A SEM analysis in an Asian context. Heliyon, 6(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03144
- Ratanasiripong, P., Ratanasiripong, N. T., Nungdanjark, W., Thongthammarat, Y., & Toyama, S. (2021). Mental health and burnout among teachers in Thailand. Journal of Health Research. doi:doi/10.1108/JHR-05-2020-0181
- Roohani, A., & Iravani, M. (2020). The Relationship Between Burnout and Self-Efficacy Among Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers. Journal of Language and Education, 6(1), 173- 188.
- Safari, I. (2021). Relationship between iranian efl teachers’ self-efficacy and their burnout level in universities and schools. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, 9(35), 25-38.
- Schäfer, A., Pels, F., von Haaren-Mack, B., & Kleinert, J. (2019). Perceived stress and coping in physical education teachers in different career stages. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 49(4), 435-445.
- Shaheen, F., & Mahmood, D. N. (2015). Exploring the level of emotional burnout among public school teachers. The Sindh University Journal of Education, 44(1), 116 – 135.
- Shaheen, F., & Mahmood, N. (2020). Burnout and its predictors: Testing a model among public school teachers. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 35(2), 355-372.
- Sneha, K., & Maheswari, G. (2020). Occupational stress, burnout and work performance of government schoolteachers in Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture Technology, 12(2), 2534-2543.
- Spilt, J. L., Koomen, H. M., & Thijs, J. T. (2011). Teacher well-being: The importance of teacher–student relationships. Educational Psychology Review, 23(4), 457-477.
- Squillaci, M. (2020). Analysis of the burnout levels of special education teachers in Switzerland in link with a reform implementation. European Journal of Special Needs Education. doi:10.1080/08856257.2020.1809802
- eles, R., Valle, A., RodrÃguez, S., Piñeiro, I., & Regueiro, B. (2020). Perceived stress and indicators of burnout in teachers at Portuguese higher education institutions (HEI). International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 17(9). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093248
- Wu, D. (2020). Relationship between job burnout and mental health of teachers under work stress. Revista Argentina de ClÃnica Psicológica, 29(1), 310-315.
- Zamir, S. (2020). Determinants of occupational stress among secondary teachers in public and private sector schools. Taleemat, 6(2), 33-47.
Cite this article
-
APA : Naz, M., Muhammad, Y., & Mahmood, A. (2022). Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences. Global Sociological Review, VII(II), 120-131. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2022(VII-II).13
-
CHICAGO : Naz, Mariam, Yaar Muhammad, and Aisha Mahmood. 2022. "Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences." Global Sociological Review, VII (II): 120-131 doi: 10.31703/gsr.2022(VII-II).13
-
HARVARD : NAZ, M., MUHAMMAD, Y. & MAHMOOD, A. 2022. Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences. Global Sociological Review, VII, 120-131.
-
MHRA : Naz, Mariam, Yaar Muhammad, and Aisha Mahmood. 2022. "Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences." Global Sociological Review, VII: 120-131
-
MLA : Naz, Mariam, Yaar Muhammad, and Aisha Mahmood. "Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences." Global Sociological Review, VII.II (2022): 120-131 Print.
-
OXFORD : Naz, Mariam, Muhammad, Yaar, and Mahmood, Aisha (2022), "Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences", Global Sociological Review, VII (II), 120-131
-
TURABIAN : Naz, Mariam, Yaar Muhammad, and Aisha Mahmood. "Stress and Burnout: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Elite School Teachers Beliefs and Experiences." Global Sociological Review VII, no. II (2022): 120-131. https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2022(VII-II).13